• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2005

The present study was undertaken to classify and describe the Quercus spp. forests in the lower montane zone of Mts. Bakdal, Gyemyeong, Boryeon, Worak, Cheondeung, Joryeong, Gungmang, Buyong and Sirubong in Chungbuk Province, Korea using the methodology of the Z.-M. school's phytosociology. The Ouercus spp. forests were classified into three communities and two groups; A. Quercus variabilis community A-1. Quercus serrata-Quercus acutissima group, A-2. Quercus mongolica group; B. Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community; C. Quercus dentate-Chloranthus japonicus community. These vegetation units were arranged by human interference and a gradient of environmental complex such as altitudes, and also were corresponded relatively well with a result of cluster analysis (UPGMA) based on the dominance of component species.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.28-37
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a model of plant management based on Robinia pseudo-acacia forests structure in Bucheon city, Korea. For 38 plots were established in Robinia pseudo-acacia forest of Bucheon city. As a result, Robinia pseudo-acacia community was expected to the proceeded to Quercus spp. community. In addition, the diversity of Robinia pseudo-acacia-Quercus spp. community was analyzed higher than Robinia pseudo-acacia community. Based on the result of forest structure analysis, Quercus spp. community was selected as the goal stage of plant management for Bucheon forests and 22 species that were selected by the importance value analysis, classification and ordination analysis and the correlation analysis were chosen as the ecological approprite species. This study also suggested density control guide line for sucession promotion, which individuals numbers of Robinia pseudo-acacia might be reduced from 50 individuals to 23 individuals by selective cutting in order to keep 65% of total basal area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.56-72
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• 2015

This study area for this research was the Taereung of the 2009 World Heritage-listed Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty. The Taereung space was divided into that of the royal tomb space, religious service space, transposition space and entry space. The original vegetation is assumed to have been planted at the right, left and backside of the tomb based on historical research literature. Regarding the original vegetation landscape of Taeneung, it was assumed that Pinus densiflora was distributed around the tomb lines and tomb space, Pinus densiflora was distributed in the religion services space and transposition and Alnus japonica was distributed in the entry space. By the present status of vegetation in Taeneung, the Pinus densiflora forest was the widest area with 50.3% with the broadleaf forest at 33.7%. Quercus aliena, Quercus acutissima, and Quercus mongolica were the main species found in Taeneung. The planting area was 7.9% and Pinus densiflora were the main species planted. To analyze the plant community structure of Taeneung, 108 plots were set and divided into four spaces. The importance of the percentage of those districts was analyzed on a spatial basis and it was found that the current dominant species of the tomb space was Pinus densiflora. However, as Pinus densiflora began dying out, the power of Quercus acutissima increased and an ecological succession from the Pinus densiflora forest to Quercus aliena forest was made. In the spaces of religious services and transposition, Pinus densiflora was decreasing and Quercus spp. was expanded. In the space of entry, the dominant species were Pinus densiflora and Quercus aliena, Pinus densiflora and Quercus aliena. As soil of this area is argillaceous, Pinus densiflora is expected to disappear in the end. The prior vegetation(assumed) and present vegetation of Taeneung were compared and analyzed and a goal of vegetation management and the way in which to manage vegetation were suggested. The goal of vegetation landscape management was to analyze ecological characteristics and vegetation changes, maintain and restore a landscape suitable for historical landscape forests by space. About the space of the tomb, Pinus densiflora forests and Pinus densiflora planting zones forests should be maintained and there should be efforts to restore and manage the Pinus densiflora forests, instead of the Quercus spp. forests. About the space of religious services, Pinus densiflora forests and Pinus densiflora planting zones should be maintained and managed and there should be efforts to restore and manage Pinus densiflora forests to replace Quercus spp. Pinus densiflora forests in the space of transposition should be maintained and managed and Pinus densiflora forests should be restored to replace Quercus spp. trees. Alnus japonica forests should be restored in the space of entry.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 1991

Results from study on physiological responses to $SO_2$ of Quercus spp. selected for restoration of vegetation damaged by air pollution in the field study were as follows. Tolerance of Quercus aliena, Q. acutissima and Q. mongolica used in this study to $SO_2$ was higher in that order and tolerance of these plants to $SO_2$ was high comparatively among trees composing of major forest vegetation of Korea including natural forests and plantations. Stomatal resistance of these plants was increased after exposure to $SO_2$ and range of increase was different among species. From discrepancy between order of tolerance to $SO_2$ and range of increase in stomatal resistance, we were estimated that resistance mechanisms of Quercus spp. were different among species as mechanism originated in avoidance and resistance, respectively. Water potential of plant leaves reduced after exposure to $SO_2$, degree of reduction accorded with order of tolerance to $SO_2$. Reduction of water potential of plants after exposure to $SO_2$ was initiated before appearance of visible damage in plant leaves and water potential of plants exposed to $SO_2$ of low concentration, in which plants were not showed viaible damage was also reduced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.115-121
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.220-233
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• 1999

본 연구는 서열법(교호평균법)과 ZM학파의 식물사회학적 연구방법에 의해 대구, 구미, 김천 근처의 팔공산, 금오산, 황악산 일대의 참나무류 삼림을 분류하고 그 환경조건을 해석할 목적으로 실시되었다 교호평균법에서 추출된 stand의 제 1축상의 종의 배열은 식물사회학적 군락분류의 표징종이나 식별종의 후보 종군을 추출하는데 매우 효과적이었다. 이결과와 타지역과 본 연구지역의 낙엽수림의 조성을 비교 검토한 결과 이하의 2군집, 1군락, 2아군집을 식별하였다. 너도밤나무군강(Fagetea crenatae Miyawaki et al. 1968) ; 당단풍-신갈나무목(Acero-Quercetalia mongolicae Song 1988); 조록싸리-졸참나무군단(Lespedezo-Quercion ser-1-1 때죽나무아군집(Styracetosum japonicae subassoc. nov) 1-2 전형아군집(typicum subassoc. ) (Ainsliaeo-Quercetum mongolicae assoc. nov.) 3. 신갈나무-시닥나무군락(Quercus mongolica-Acer teschonoskii var, rubripes community) 본연구에서 식별된 군단은 우리나라의 냉온대 낙엽활엽수림의 북부형과 남부형에 대응하는 것으로 해석되었다. 서열법에 의해 계산된 제 1축과 제2축상에의 stand의 배열은 인위와 해발과 같은 환경경도상의 계열을 나타내었다. 이상의 연구와 함께 본 연구와 관련되는 사항으로 우리나라의 냉온대림의 군락분류학적 문제점을 종조성론의 입장에서 논하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to suggest the vegetation structure and management plan of forests at Anmyundo. Sixteen plot were established in the forests and surveyed. The plant communities were classified into three community type, which were Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community, Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community. It was hypothesized that Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata community will be changed to Quercus Spp. community. The vegetation management for successional controls on long-term basis was suggested. Dominant trees were mid-size trees(21~30year-old and DBH 18~28cm), and large trees(over DBH 30cm) appeared only at the Recreation Forest and Kuksabong. Anmyundo forests should be managed with a priority given to Pinus densifolra. Forest trees should be planted in consideration of environmental conditions and Pinus densifolra densities.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.269-279
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• 2021

This study was carried out to introduce the forest cover types of the Baekdudaegan inhabiting the number of native tree species. In order to understand the vegetation distribution characteristics of the Baekdudaegan, a vegetation survey was conducted on the major 20 mountains of the Baekdudaegan. The vegetation data were collected from 3,959 sample points by the point-centered quarter method. Each mountain was classified into 4-7 forests by using various multivariate statistical methods such as cluster analysis, indicator species analysis, multiple discriminant analysis, and species composition analysis. The forests were classified mainly according to the relative abundance of Quercus mongolica. There was a total of 111 classified forests and these forests were integrated into the following nine forest cover types using the percentage similarity index and by clustering according to vegetation type: 1) Mongolian oak, 2) Mongolian oak and other deciduous, 3) Oaks (Mixed Quercus spp.), 4) Korean red pine, 5) Korean red pine and oaks, 6) ash, 7) mixed mesophytic, 8) subalpine zone coniferous, and 9) miscellaneous forest. Forests grouped within the subalpine zone coniferous and miscellaneous classifications were characterized by similar environmental conditions and those forests that did not fit in any other category, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 1996

To investigate the plant community structure in Pinus densiflora forests of Odaesan National Park, fourty plots(each size was 100m$^{2}$) were set up in Sogumgang and Woljongsa area. The classification by the TWINSPAN and DCA ordination techniques were applied to the survey area. Pinus densiflora forests were divided into five community types, which were Betula schmidtii-Acer pseudosieboldianum-Styrax obassia, Quercus variabilis-S. obassia, Q. serrata-Q. vareabilis, Q. mongolica, Abies holo[hylla. The successional trend of Pinus densiflora forests was seem to be seral stage from Pinus densiflora to Quercus spp.. And Abies holophylla was competition species with Pinus densiflora in Woljongsa area. So, management of Pinus densiflora forests requires to conserve for the diversity of mountain landscape resource and gene science.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006