• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.354-362
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• 2011

One of the unsolved problems in Artificial Neural Networks is related to the capacity of a neural network. This paper presents a CoreNet which has a multi-leveled input and a multi-leveled output as a 2-layered artificial neural network. I have suggested an equation for calculating the capacity of the CoreNet, which has a p-leveled input and a q-leveled output, as $a_{p,q}=\frac{1}{2}p(p-1)q^2-\frac{1}{2}(p-2)(3p-1)q+(p-1)(p-2)$. With an odd value of p and an even value of q, (p-1)(p-2)(q-2)/2 needs to be subtracted further from the above equation. The simulation model 1(3)-1(6) has 3 levels of an input and 6 levels of an output with no hidden layer. The simulation result of this model gives, out of 216 possible functions, 80 convergences for the number of implementable function using the cot(x) input leveling method. I have also shown that, from the simulation result, the two diverged functions become implementable by precalculating the weight values. The simulation result and the precalculation of the weight values give the same result as the above equation in the total number of implementable functions.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2012

Objective: Coenzyme (CoQ10) is an enzymatic co factor used in normal cellular metabolism. Recent evidence shows that in people with heart disease it can reverse endothelial cell damage in the blood vessels. It is also a potent antioxidant. Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: In the present study, endothelial function was evaluated using the response to occlusion and heat before and 2 weeks after administration of CoQ10, 300 mg/day. Thirty Eight subjects, who are physical therapy students, participated in a series of experiments to see if taking 300 mg of CoQ10 daily for 2 weeks would impact resting blood flow in the forearm skin and the blood flow response to 4 minutes of vascular occlusion and the response to local heat ($42^{\circ}C$) for 6 minutes. Results: The results showed that, for this population, there was no difference in the response to heat. However, the response to occlusion was improved after administration of CoQ10. Conclusions: It would appear that in a young population CoQ10 has no effect on the nitric oxide vasodilator pathway in skin but does influence other vasodilator pathways.

• BMB Reports
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.399-404
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• 1999

2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (2,3-DHBD), which catalyzes the ring meta-cleavage of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl, is encoded by the phnQ gene of biphenyl- and phenanthrene-degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain DJ77. We determined the nucleotide sequence of a DNA fragment of 1497 base pairs which included the phnQ gene. The fragment lncluded an open reading frame of 903 base pairs to accommodate the enzyme. The predicted amino acid sequence of the enzyme subunit consisted of 300 residues. In front of the gene, a sequence resembling an E. coli promoter was identified, which led to constitutive expression of the cloned gene in E. coli. The deduced amino acid sequence of the PhnQ enzyme exhibited 85.6% identity with that of the corresponding enzyme in Sphingomonas yanoikuyae Q1 (formerly S. paucimobilis Q1) and 22.1% identity with that of catechol 1,2,3-dioxygenase from the same DJ77 strain. PhnQ showed broader substrate preference than previously-cloned PhnE, catechol 2,3-dioxygenase. Ten amino acid residues, considered to be important for the role of extradiol dioxygenases, were conserved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.636-645
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing dietary satisfaction, and their perceived importance and performance, in North Korean refugees according to age. Questionnaires were completed by 220 North Korean refugees and data was analyzed with SPSS software. From our study we determined that fresh food, clean dishes, and proper vegetable oil are of high importance but considered poorly performed. 'Taste' and 'comfort' were factors with low importance but considered well-performed. The IPA technique proved that 8 items including Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9, Q11, Q13 were in 'Doing great, keep it up' and no items that got high importance and low performance were in 'Focus here'. North Korean refugees like Korean food more than Chinese, Japanese, and Western food. They specifically want to learn how to cook Korean casseroles, soups, and side dishes(e.g. Myeolchibokkum, Kongjorim). The North Korean refugees who resided in South Korea under a year have difficulties in understanding menus and Western table manners.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.915-937
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• 2021

In this paper we deal with the open problem posed by Lü, Li and Yang [10]. In fact, we prove the following result: Let f(z) be a transcendental meromorphic function of finite order having finitely many poles, c₁, c₂, …, c_n ∈ ℂ\{0} and k, n ∈ ℕ. Suppose fⁿ(z), f(z+c₁)f(z+c₂) ⋯ f(z+c_n) share 0 CM and fⁿ(z)-Q₁(z), (f(z+c₁)f(z+c₂) ⋯ f(z+c_n))^(k) - Q₂(z) share (0, 1), where Q₁(z) and Q₂(z) are non-zero polynomials. If n ≥ k+1, then $(f(z+c_1)f(z+c_2)\;{\cdots}\;f(z+c_n))^{(k)}\;{\equiv}\;{\frac{Q_2(z)}{Q_1(z)}}f^n(z)$. Furthermore, if Q₁(z) ≡ Q₂(z), then $f(z)=c\;e^{\frac{\lambda}{n}z}$, where c, λ ∈ ℂ \ {0} such that e^{λ(c₁+c₂+⋯+c_n)} = 1 and λ^k = 1. Also we exhibit some examples to show that the conditions of our result are the best possible.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.27 no.3_4
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• pp.795-807
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• 2009

The concepts of fuzzy pseudo ideals (resp. fuzzy pseudo p-ideals, associative fuzzy pseudo ideals, fuzzy pseudo q-ideals and fuzzy pseudo a-ideals) in a pseudo BCI-algebra are introduced, and related properties are investigated. Conditions for a fuzzy pseudo ideal to be a fuzzy pseudo p-ideal (resp. fuzzy pseudo q-ideal) are provided. A characterization and properties of an associative fuzzy pseudo ideal are given.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.65-80
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• 2021

Objective : This study aimed to develop a Korean version of the HLS-EU-Q47 that deals with the concept of health literacy based on the understanding, apply/use, process/appraisal, and access/obtain to health information. The purpose of this study is to confirm the level of comprehensive health literacy of the elderly in Korea using this tool. Methods : After going through the Korean interpretation process of HLS-EU-Q47, the items were confirmed through content validity verification by experts. The completed Korean-HLS-EU-Q47 (K-HLS-EU-Q47) was applied to 254 elderly people in the local community to analyze the degree of internal consistency and reliability. Furthermore, a comparative analysis based on the general variables was conducted. Results : The internal consistency of this tool for the elderly yielded Cronbach's 𝛼 of .81~.91, indicating a high level of reliability. There was a difference in health literacy according to sex and age based on general characteristics. Men had higher health literacy than women, and with increasing age, health literacy decreased. Conclusion : In this study, the K-HLS-EU-Q47 was developed to assess the comprehensive health literacy level of the elderly in Korea. It is expected that the search for ways to maintain a healthier life for the elderly through understanding the health literacy levels of the elderly using the results of this study will become more active.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.233-243
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the subjectivity of undergraduate students about well-dying. Method: Q-methodology, which is effective in scientifically measuring individual subjectivity, was used. The result of the Q-short of the 34 Q-statements by 42 participants was analyzed using the PQM program. Result: Four cognitive types of subjectivity about well-dying were identified and labeled as follows. Type 1: oriental and family-centered type, Type 2: Individual and fate-adapted type, Type 3: altruistic and afterlife-centered type, Type 4: self-leading and secularistic type. Conclusions: Undergraduate students have a well-dying concept which tends to be self-centered and secularistic. At the same times, they also have a well-dying concept which has a basically oriental view, that is, family-centered and fate-adapted views.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

This study presents a novel transformer isolated parallel connected quasi Z-source (qZ-source) full-bridge DC-DC converter that uses a coupled inductor in both the qZ-source network and output filter inductor. Unlike traditional voltage-fed or current-fed converters, the proposed converter can be open- and short-circuited without damaging switching devices. Therefore, the desired buck and boost functions can be achieved and converter reliability can be significantly improved. All the bulky inductors in the qZ-source network and output filter can also be minimized with the proposed inductor structures. A 4 kW prototype DC-DC converter is built and tested to verify the performance of the proposed converter.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.419-422
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• 2023

Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a rare congenital anomaly that is clinically defined by developmental delay and characteristic brain magnetic resonance imaging findings, including optic nerve hypoplasia, pituitary hormone abnormalities, and midline brain defects. The occurrence of SOD is generally sporadic; however, it can be inherited rarely. Although an association with HESX1, SOX2, and SOX3 mutations has been identified, the detailed etiology is multifactorial and unclear. Here, we present the case of a 7-year-old girl who was clinically diagnosed with SOD and 15q13.3 duplication. Patients with duplication at chromosome 15q13.3 were reported to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and schizophrenia in previous studies. The relationship between SOD and the microduplication of 15q13.3 has not yet been explored. In this study, we suggest that there may be an association between chromosome 15q13.3 microduplication and SOD.