• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.2141-2148
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• 2000

본 연구는 무연탄올 원료로 제조한 활성탄의 활성화 시간과 burn-off에 따른 세공구조의 변화를 고찰한 것으로 77K에서 질소 흡착실험에 의해 특성을 분석했다. 활성화 시간의 증가에 따라 burn-off는 거의 선형적으로 증가하며, burn-off를 증가시킴에 따라 제조된 활성탄의 총세공부피와 BET 비표면적은 증가했다. $800^{\circ}C$의 활성화는 $950^{\circ}C$의 활성화에 비해 미세세공(micropore)을 많이 생성시켰고, 동일한 burn-off에서는 저온에서 활성화시킨 활성탄에 미세세공이 발달하고 고온에서 활성화시킨 활성탄에 중간이상의 세공이 더 발달해 있었다. 수증기 활성화에 의해서는 직경 $100{\AA}$ 이하의 세공이 주로 발달되었으며 특히 $6{\sim}40{\AA}$ 범위의 세공은 burn-off의 정도에 따라 상당히 발달됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2000

This study aims to examine the characteristics of the water quality variation in relation to the change of water exchange rate with respect to the development phases of the Pusan port. To clarify the characteristics, water exchange caused by the variations of coastline shape and water surface area was examined by the numerical experiments using the Lagrangian particle tracking model based on 2-D shallow water equation. As the results of numerical experiments, it was proved that the water exchange in the Pusan port was decreased mainly due to the port development and the breakwaters construction. During the port development phases from 1875 to 1998, 35% of the sea-space in the port had decreased to make hinterland spaces. This resulted in the loss of wet-land and coastline change as well as decrease of the water exchange rate at the sea side. The city population in that period had rapidly increased from several thousands to 4 millions, resulting in the large discharge of sewages into the port area. Under the these environmental conditions, it can be clearly said that the water quality in the Pusan port is sensitively affected by the discharge of urban sewages decrease of the water exchange rate in relation to port and urban developments. In the study, the temporal changes of water quality were discussed with respect to the port development phases. It was clear that the water quality wad controlled by the exchange rate change under the port development as well as the input impact into the port from the urbanized city area. To make clean sea of the Pusan port, it is suggested that the sewage control, the water exchange and coastline control should be systematically checked under the concept of eco-friendly development and environmental management.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 1968

Prostitutes living in Songdo beach in Pusan, for two years period (from September 4, 1964 to August 28, 1966) were investigated for the present status and Venereal Diseases. The following results were obtained. 1. Age distribution:The youngest was 18 years old and the oldest 29. The group between 22-25 years old was 72.8%, approximately three fourth of all prostitute. 2. Educational background: From illiterate to college graduated. The group of graduated primary school was 80.7%, approximately four fifth of all prostitutes. 3. Distribution of birth places: From all cities and provinces in Korea except Chejudo Island province. Kyongsang Namdo province was highest(24%), Kyongsan Pukdo province 18%, Pusan city 12%, and Seoul city 11%. 4. Monthly and weekly Venereal Diseases examination to prostitutes: Total examined cases were 7757, consisting of 323 monthly, and 75 weekly. Total numbers of disqualified persons were 592(7.63% of total examined), consisting of 25 monthly, and 6 weekly. 5. Clinical and laboratory findings of the rejected prostitutes at the Venereal Disease examination: Among total cases of rejected 592, gonococcal positive cases were 2.89%, staining by gram's method, cervical erosions 3.53%, and numerous pus cells but gonococcal negative 1.53%. 6. Seasonal distribution of prostitutes : Songdo beach is one of the famous sea shore sightseeing resort in Pusan. Therefore, numbers of prostitutes were increasing in hot season, summer and decreasing in cold season, winter. 7. Number of disqualified prostitutes at the Venereal Disease examination by seasonal trend: In autumn 18.04%, winter 8.68%, spring 5.85%, and summer 4.43%, in order as described, the decreasing tendency was observed. 8. Serolgical tests for syphilis: VDRL slide method and Kolmer-Wassermann reaction were performed to the prostitutes. STS were positive by VDRL slide method in 8.33-33.87%, Kolmer-Wassermann reaction in 8.33-27.42% of the prostitutes. The results of sero-positive of syphilis showed tendency toward gradually increase from 1964 to 1966. 9. Authors were observed only 1 case or soft chancer, but neither lymphogranuloma venereum nor granuloma inguinale were detected.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-64
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• 1971

During the period from July 1st to the end of November 1970, a survey on air pollution and noise level was made in Seoul, Pusan and Taegu, the three largest cities in Korea. Each city was divided into 4-6 areas; the industrial area, the semi-industrial area, the commercial area, the residential area, the park area and the downtown area. Thirty eight sites were selected from each area. A. Method of Measurement : Dustfall was measured by the Deposit Gauge Method, sulfur oxides by $PbO_2$ cylinder method, suspended particles by the Digital Dust Indicator, Sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) by the MSA & Kitakawa Detector and the noise levels by Rion Sound Survey meter. B. Results: 1. The mean value of dustfall in 3 cities was $30.42ton/km^2/month$, ranging from 8.69 to 95.44. 2. The mean values of dustfall by city were $33.17ton/km^2/month$ in Seoul, 32.11 in Pusan and 25.97 in Taegu. 3. The mean values of dustfall showed a trend of decreasing order of semi-industrial area, downtown area, industrial area, commercial area, residential area, and park area. 4. The mean value of dustfall in Seoul by area were $52.32ton/km^2/month$ in downtown, 50.54 in semi-industrial area, 40.37 in industrial area, 24,19 in commercial area, 16.25 in park area and 15.39 in residential area in order of concentration. 5. The mean values of dustfall in Pusan by area were $48.27ton/km^2/month$ in semi-industrial area, 36.68 in industrial area 25.31 in commercial area, and 18.19 in residential area. 6. The mean values of dustfall in Taegu by area were $36.46ton/km^2/month$ in downtown area, 33.52 in industrial area, 20.37 in commercial area and 13.55 in residential area. 7. The mean values of sulfur oxides in 3 cities were $1.52mg\;SO_3/day/100cm^2\;PbO_2$, ranging from 0.32 to 4.72. 8. The mean values of sulfur oxides by city were $1.89mg\;SO_3/day/100cm^2\;PbO_2$ in Pusan, 1.64 in Seoul and 1.21 in Taegu. 9. The mean values of sulfur oxides by area in 3 cities were $2.16mg\;SO_3/day/100cm^2\;PbO_2$ in industrial area, 1.69 in semi-industrial area, 1.50 in commercial area, 1.48 in downtown area, 1.32 in residential area and 0.94 in the park area, respectively. 10. The monthly mean values of sulfur oxides contents showed a steady increase from July reaching a peak in November. 11. The mean values of suspended particles was $2.89mg/m^3$, ranging from 1.15 to 5.27. 12. The mean values of suspended particles by city were $3.14mg/m^3$ in Seoul, 2.79 in Taegu and 2.25 in Pusan. 13. The mean values of noise level in 3 cities was 71.3 phon, ranging from 49 to 99 phon. 14. The mean values of noise level by city were 73 phon in Seoul, 72 in Pusan, and 69 in Taegu in that order. 15. The mean values of noise level by area in 3 cities showed a decrease in the order of the downtown area, commercial area, industrial area and semi-industrial area, park area and residential area. 16. The comparison of the noise levels by area in 3 cities indicated that the highest level was detected in the downtown area in Seoul and Taegu and in the industrial area in Pusan. 17. The daily average concentration of sulfur dioxides ($SO_2$) in 3 cities was 0.081 ppm, ranging from 0.004 to 0.196. 18. The daily average concentrations of sulfur dioxides by city were 0.092 ppm in Seoul, 0.089 in Pusan and 0.062 in Taegu in that order. 19. The weekly average concentration of carbon monoxides(CO) was 27.59 ppm. 20. The daily average concentrations of carbon monoxides by city were 33.37 ppm. in Seoul, 25.76 in Pusan and 23.65 in Taegu in that order. 21. The concentration of $SO_2$ and CO reaches a peak from 6 p. m. to 8 p. m. 22. About 3 times probably the daily average concentration of CO could be detected in the downtown area probably due to heavy traffic emission in comparison with that in the industial area. 23. As for daily variation of the concentration of $SO_2$ and CO it was found that the concentration maintains relatively higher value during weekdays in the industrial area and on the first part of the week in the downtown area.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1995

The concentrations of $NO_2$ were measured to estimate a new developed long term exposure $NO_2$ sampler at Pusan City considering the meteorological factors from May to July, in 1994. The monthly mean concentration of $NO_2$ was 15.9 PPb and 36.2 ${\mu}\ell$/day $NO_2$ and their high values were shown in the downtown of Pusan City which show potential pollution due to the increase of traffic activities and micrometeorological factors In and around the City. As a result of statistical correlation between $NO_2$ concentration by new sampling method and $NO_2$ concentration by the handy air sampler and chemiluminescent nitrogen oxides analyzer, 1994, correlation coefficients were high(r=0.93) and showed more than 0.88 value in the high concentration data set, which was arbitrarily divided into 30${\mu}\ell$ $NO_2$ concentration in an attempt to further investigate these relationships. Therefore, use of new developed long term exposure $NO_2$ sampler is good for $NO_2$ measurement and valuable for estimation of air quality in the urban and Industrial area.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1185-1191
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• 2006

The high surface area polymer, AquaMats$^{circledR}$ was used for the leachate purification process originated from the Samsan Dong Landfill in Ulsan Metropolitan City. And then, three species of dominant microbes were isolated and identified from AquaMats$^{circledR}$. Gram staining revealed these microbes to be Gram-negative rod strains: They were identified as Agrobacterium radiobacter, Pseudomonas cepacia, Flavobacterium indologenes. All they showed no growth on media in which the leachate was added alone, but a rapid proliferation rate on media with yeast extract as nutrient requirements.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.317-333
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• 2000

This study is to focus on the users of mobile communication services in Pusan metropolitan city. First this study measured the levels of consumer dissatisfaction and consumer complaining behavior. Second, this study analyzed a causal-effect on variables affecting consumer complaining behavior. The findings of this study are as follows ; 1) In area of contract and cost, variables directly and indirectly affecting consumer complaining behavior were sex, age, consumer knowledge, complaining behavior experience, attribution, and consumer dissatisfaction. 2) In area of use, variables directly and indirectly affecting consumer complaining behavior were sex, consumer knowledge, complaining behavior experience, attribution, and consumer dissatisfaction. 3) In area of services, variables directly and indirectly affecting consumer complaining behavior were sex, consumer knowledge, consumer function, complaining behavior experience, attribution, and consumer dissatisfaction.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.181-184
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• 2009

This study aimed at framing alternative urban planning scenarios reflecting urban planning factors, performing urban climate simulation and evaluating eco-friend and low energy characteristics of each scenario on the viewpoint of urban temperature and energy savings on the target of the costal city including Haeundae District in Busan The results are as follows. 1)The fact that urban higher temperature is approximately 2.5 times higher in the building constructed area than whole urban area was represented severe higher temperature phenomenon in the built-up area. Ground greening, water scenario and soil scenario could be expected peek air temperature alleviating effect in order. Especially water scenario had significant effect(maximum $2.5^{\circ}C$) on lowering of air temperature.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2018

최근 개인의 자아실현을 도모하고 삶의 질을 높여 도시 전체의 경쟁력을 향상시키고 도시와 도시 주민이 함께 성장 발전 할 수 있도록, 언제, 어디서나, 누구든 원하는 것을 배우고 즐길 수 있는 학습도시를 만들고자 하는 움직임이 활발해 지고 있다. 세계 많은 선진국들은 학교와 공공시설을 활용하여 학습도시를 만드는 프로젝트를 지원하고 있는데, 이를 통해 지역주민들에게 자기 성장의 기회를 제공하고, 지역사회의 문제를 해결하고자 하고 있다. 우리나라 역시 학교 유휴시설을 활용하여 다양한 프로그램을 제공하고 있지만, 지역 주민들을 대상으로 하는 교육 프로그램이나, 지역 공동체와의 파트너쉽에 의한 학습 프로그램 제공이 부족한 실정이다. 성공적인 학습도시 구현을 위해 공간적 소프트웨어적 전략이 필요한 때이다. 따라서 학습 가능한 시설의 공간 데이터를 체계적으로 정리하고, 현재의 문제점을 분석하여 다양하게 활용할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 또한 주민들이 필요로 하는 프로그램을 분석하여 실질적이고 효율적인 학습도시를 구현하고자 한다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.341-348
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• 2003

In the estuary of Nagdong River thick marine sediments were deposited by the Holocene marine transgression. The sediments largely consist of silty clay, which is called Pusan clays in the geotechnical field. This paper presents engineering geological characteristics of Pusan clays in Beombangdong area. Overall geological environmental changes based on several geological properties are discussed and synthesized as Geological Environmental Zones. And also, engineering properties of the clays in laboratory and field are discussed and synthesized as Engineering Zones. Two zones are correlated and engineering characteristics are evaluated in view of engineering geology.