• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 1998

This study was researched the state and problem of the soft contact Lens wear by the history and inverted microscopy. The results was as follows; 1. The first use of contact lens wear was the 15 years and the last use was the 26 years. The first age of most contact lens wear was the 19 years. 2. In the almost contact lens wearers, the first visual test was the optical shop. 3. At present, almost soft contact lens purchase the optical shop 4. At present, most contact lens wearer like a soft type. 5. At present, most soft contact lens were a domestic production, and some subjects were foreign country production, but some subjects were unknown. 6. After contact lens wear, most subjects don't known the corrected visual acuity, especially, almost people don't known the binocular visual acuity. 7. At present, on soft contact lens color, the teens like the non-color contact lens, twenties like the color contact lens, but thirties was not known. 8. On the advantage of soft contact lens knowledge, most teens and twenties were only one, thirties was unknown. 9. On the disadvantage of soft contact lens knowledge, most teens and thirties were only one, twenties were two. 10. On the side effect of soft contact lens wearer, teens was one, and twenties and thirties don't known. 11. On the main symptoms of soft contact lens wearer, total kinds were seven, On these kinds, most subjects were not symptoms, the next order was unknown on the symptom. But, On the symptoms, the main symptoms was the pain and dry eye. 12. At present, the research on the surface morphology of soft contact lens by inverted microscope, the lens repture, lens folding, foreign body immersion and etc were present. Above the study, most contact lens was soft lens, and the purchase was the optical shop, on the other hand, the knowledge of soft contact lens and visual acuity was few. As a results, On the practical problems of soft contact lens wear, the optician have to the soft contact lens treatment and aftercare by law and educational supporting.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.174-186
• /
• 1996

This study was carried out in order to understand the plan, design, constructing and actual condition of management of modernized horticultural facilities in Kyungpook Province which had been constructed from 1992 to 1995 funded by Government support. The aim of this study is to provide reference data for success of the forth project. It was performed by making up a question about driving of project and management condition of equipment after constructing. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 1. 73.5% of facilities horticulture farmhouse recognized that the prospect of greenhouse is bright, but 92.5% of the farmhouse also recognised that they need technical consultation on protected horticulture farming. Therefore, technical educations would must be enhanced about foundation of greenhouse and cultivation technique. 2. The holding times of explanatory meetings, cause of understanding to farmhouse, were one or two times in greenhouse construction, and 62.5% of the farmhouse expressed the insufficiency at the explanation and educational data. For this reason, it was judged that the construction contract had been delayed more than 5 months in 49.3% of the farmhouse after the decision of project budget. 3. In constructing after a contract, the rates of construction delay is 53.4% and defect occurrence is 41.1%. The biggest reasons of construction delay was insufficiency of worker and materials supply. Each percentage is 29.1%. And the reason of defect occurrence is badness of machinery equipment(62.9% ). 4. In management of greenhouse, a pipe-constructed plastic film greenhouse changes plastic film every one and three years because of sticking dust on plastic film. It was needed to about in cleaning technique of coverings. Because that used 3-5 years only half of the expected life span. 5. The order of broken rating in the subsidiary equipment is like this lollop ventilator (42.8%), a general control system(33.3%) especially, in the case of a general control system, the rate of all family can control is 52.7%. so, it is time to develop easy control equipment which every one could use as soon as possible. 6. When choose heat generator as decide capacity, the most priority is the mount of heat generator the percent is 45.5% heat generator and as decide model, the private purchase's percent is 77.3%. It is higher than a public bidding heat generator the percent is 22.7% heat generator when it compare with a public bidding. In the case of $CO_2$ generator, using rate is only 19.0%. The using rate is very low, so it needs education how to use depends on the way of the subsidiary equipment. 7. In the case of seedlings, it is asked to use factory-processed seedling effectively. because it's difficult to get security of labors(58.8%), hoped crops (55.9%) access same crops(29.4%) much more and changing of crops depends on market situation. that is the main reason the lack of knowhow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.9
• /
• pp.1375-1384
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the current state of consumption of medicinal food and the intent to participate in medicinal food education by food-related lifestyle. A total of 264 samples were conveniently selected from students enrolled in culinary education at the Seoul Institute of Technology and Education from September 5, 2014 to September 20, 2014. The results were as follows. Factor analysis showed five factors in food-related lifestyle named as adventure-seeking factor, taste-seeking factor, health-seeking factor, convenience-seeking factor, and safety seeking factor. There were three factors in awareness of medicinal food named as health characteristic, negative perception, and intent to purchase. The cluster analysis showed five dimensions for food-related lifestyle named as convenience-seeking group, safety-seeking group, health & safety-seeking group, health-seeking group, and taste-seeking group. Among the demographic characteristics, there was a significant difference in age, cooking career, and households by food-related lifestyle group. Among intent to participate in education regarding medicinal food, there was a significant difference in medicinal food educational institution preferences by food-related lifestyle group. Among medicinal food awareness, there was a significant difference in negative perception by food-related lifestyle group.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.267-274
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of dentifrice among children in a bid to provide information on dentifrice including its function to children's parents, the major consumers of dentifrice for child. And it's additionally meant to offer useful information on the production of toothpaste for kid. The subjects in this study were parents with children, who dwelled in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. After a self-administered survey was conducted for about three months from May to July 2007 to gather data on their use of dentifrice for child, a comparative analysis was implemented. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. Concerning the state of the use of their children's dentifrice, the largest number of the children(58.1%) started to use toothpaste at the age of one or down, and the most common first toothpaste they used was dentifrice for preschooler(86.8%). As for whether to use fluoride-containing toothpaste, the largest group of the parents(58.1%) gave an affirmative answer. Regarding the form of the toothpaste in use, the majority of their children used toothpaste of cream type(86.2%). The greatest group of the children used the amount of toothpaste that was as large as the three-tenths or four-tenths of the bristles(35.9%). 2. As for the state of the use of dentifrice for kid, the greatest group used that kind of toothpaste(81.4%). In the event of those who didn't use it, the last time when their children used toothpaste for kid was when they were at the western age of 3(33.9%) and 4(33.9%). Concerning the reason why they replaced toothpaste for kid with one for adult, the largest group of the parents did that on their own judgment(58.1%). As to the right time for replacing toothpaste for kid by one for adult, the greatest group considered it advisable for children to start using toothpaste for adult at the western age of 4 or 5(43.2%). 3. In relation to the state of the purchase of toothpaste for their children, the largest group was under the moderate influence of the children when they bought it(45.2%). The greatest group attached importance to the ingredients of toothpaste(41.6%), and the most preferred ingredient was fluoride(56.3%). 53.0 percent took consideration on the content of ingredients or the instructions. 4. In regard to priorities for the choice of toothpaste for their children, they gave top priority to brand(16.7%), followed by quality(14.6%) and ingredients(13.5%). The age of the parents made a statistically significant difference to the children's age when they started using toothpaste, and how they started to do that and whether they used fluoride-containing toothpaste were statistically significantly different according to that as well(p < 0.01). In regard to the impact of the occupation of the parents, the use of fluoride-containing toothpaste was more common among the stay-at-home mothers(p < 0.01).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.28 no.12 s.138
• /
• pp.1554-1561
• /
• 2004

In the U.S., outdoor enthusiasts such as golfers have been focused on skin cancer prevention practices since their outdoor activities lead to extensive sun exposure during peak sun hours. The purposes of this study were to investigate golfers current sun protection behaviors and five attributes and their impacts on the intention to adopt UV specialized clothing based on Rogers' theory. UV specialized clothing as a preventive innovation is related to sun protection behaviors. However, there has been little effort to explain the intention to adopt a preventive innovation regarding health-related practices. With a convenience sampling method, a total of 158 useful questionnaires were collected. Ninety one percent were male golfers, and their age ranged from 16 to 80 years old(mean age=30 years). About $25\%$ reported to practice sun protection behaviors. About $70\%$ disagreed on the relative advantage, compatibility, observability, and triability of UV specialized shirts and reported the low intention to purchase it. Current sun protection behaviors and five attribute variables were entered in the multiple regression equation to explain the dependent variable of intention to adopt the innovation. Triability was the best predictor of the intention to adopt UV specialized shirts, followed by current sun protection behaviors, compatibility, and relative advantage. With four predictors, $45\%$ of the variance of intention to adopt was explained. The present study provides how the golfers current sun protection behaviors play important roles in explaining the intention to adopt the preventive innovation. Physical and functional features of UV specialized clothing were also significantly associated with their intentions to adopt it.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.120-123
• /
• 2001

Purpose : We used transparent flexible tube which had provided the good visual field of median nerve when it was used in endoscopic release of transverse carpal ligament and evaluated the safety of that technique. Materials and Methods : We evaluated the 12 patients(20cases) who had been diagnosed as carpal tunnel syndrome and performed by endoscopic carpal tunnel release between Mar. 1997 and Mar. 2000. We used two portal technique and released the transverse carpal ligament with direct supervision of median nerve. Results : 14 cases$(70\%)$ were revealed excellent or good results and 6 cases$(30\%)$ were fair. No serious complications were shown such as nerve injury. Conclusion : We could avoid the complications of endoscopic carpal tunnel release using the transparent flexible tube which had provided tire good circumferential vision around the median nerve and it is unnecessary to maintain the wrist Joint hyperextension state during operation. Also that tube was easily obtainable in hospital so we need not to purchase the expensive operation apparatus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2020

Article 325 (Prevention of Fire Explosion due to Electrostatic) of the Rule for Occupational Safety and Health Standard specifies that in order to prevent the risk of disasters caused by static electricity, fire, explosion and static electricity in the production process, However, in order to do this, it is absolutely necessary to use a pre-detection technology and a detector for antistatic discharge prediction, which is a precautionary measure by static electricity in a fire / explosion hazard place, but in Korea, And there is no technical standard for the application of the technology of the explosion proof structure of the related equipment. Research methods include domestic and overseas electrostatic discharge detection technology and literature investigation of related equipment explosion proofing technology, domestic and foreign electrostatic discharge detection device production and use situation investigation, advanced foreign technology data analysis and benchmarking. In particular, we sought to verify the results of empirical experiments using electrostatic discharge detection technology through sample purchase and analysis of related major products, development of optimization technology through prototype production, evaluation, and supplementation, and expert knowledge through expert consultation. The results of this study were developed and fabricated two prototypes of electrostatic discharge detector based on the technology / standard related to electrostatic discharge detection technology in Korea and abroad through development of electrostatic discharge detection technology and development and production of detector. In addition, based on the development of electrostatic discharge detection technology, we developed an intrinsic safety explosion proof ib class explosion proof technology applicable to the process of using and handling flammable gas and flammable liquid vapor and combustible dust. In the case of the over voltage and minimum voltage are supplied to the explosion-proof structure ESD detector, check the state of the circuit and the transient and transient currents generated by the coil and capacitor elements during the input and standby of the signal pulse voltage. Explosion-proof equipment-Part 11: Intrinsically safe explosion proof structure The comparative evaluation with the reference curve in Annex A of "i" confirms that the characteristics of the intrinsically safe explosion protection structure are met.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.541-553
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the use of dentifrice for children, the state of dentifrice for children on the market and the relationship between the bore of dentifrice and the amount of dentifrice used in an effort to provide parents, main consumers of dentifrice for children, with the right information on dentifrice. Methods : Data on the use of children's dentifrice were gathered by investigating parents in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in July and August, 2009. The selected parents had children aged one to five in Western age. Results : 1. As to the purchase of dentifrice for children, the largest group (75.9%) were aware of the name of the toothbrush used by their children, and the greatest group (97.3%) bought the toothbrush on behalf of them. Advertising was the most dominant source of information on the choice of dentifrice (51.8%), and non-professionals were the most common providers of information on that (55.9%). 2. The amount of dentifrice used at a time was a mean of $0.467{\pm}0.270g$. There was a wide disparity in that aspect from a low of 0.100 to 1.900g. As to the influence of the size of the bore of dentifrice, the greatest amount of dentifrice was used ($0.670{\pm}0.306g$) when the bore of dentifrice was 9 mm in size, and the bore size 9 mm was significantly different from the size 3 mm and 6 mm in that aspect (p<0.001). 3. There was one kind of imported dentifrice for children on the market. Concerning the fluoride ingredient of dentifrice, the biggest number of dentifrice contained MFP only. As to the size of the bore of dentifrice, there was a difference of 3 to 9 mm. Most of dentifrice for children included the pictures of particular characters. Conclusions : The above-mentioned findings illustrated that there is a serious concern for the intake of fluoride among infants and preschoolers, it's needed to pay careful attention to the use of dentifrice. Dentifrice for children should be manufactured in consideration of the relationship between the size of the bore and the amount of dentifrice used.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2000

The objective of this study was to investigate the problems of soft contact lens wear on the women college students. The results were as follows 1. Almost the purchase of soft contact lens was the optical shop. 2. Almost the motive of soft contact lens use was the discomfort of glasses wear. 3. Almost the good feeling of glasses wear was moderate degree. 4. On the main reason of exchange of contact lens, teens was contact lens damage and tweenths was lifespan of contact lens. 5. On the contact lens wearing time at one day, teens was over 10 hours and tweenths was from 7 hours to 10 hours. 6. On the contact care and treatment, teens was a lens washing and storage and tweenths was a lens washing and disinfectant. 7. On the main difficult of contact lens handling, teens was a lens separation in eye and disinfection of lens case and tweenths was a solution treatment and insertion of contact lens in the eye. 8. On the contact lens insertion in the eye, the most difficult item was hanging of the eyelid and fear thinking in teens and fear thinking in tweenths. 9. On the difficult in separate of contact lens wear, a most subjects were eye opening. 10. On the most inconvenient state in contact lens wearing, the subjects were eye redness, foreign body and eye pain. 11. On the advantage of contact lens wearing, teens was decrease in glasses side effects and twenties was a beauty.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2013

Purpose - Numerous studies have tried to assess the role of a warranty as an explanatory instrument for product quality. While one study argued that manufacturers signal their superior quality to consumers by extending the duration of a warranty, quality is not necessarily related to warranty and a warranty for a short duration is a sign of high product quality. However, there are limitations to measuring product quality in terms of a single variable such as a warranty. Some other studies have evaluated the influence of brand power or value and price on the supposed quality of a product while the influence of warranty was found to be insignificant. Research design, data, methodology - The study analyzes the influence of brand power and the country of origin effect on consumers' perception of product quality in line with warranty and establishes a priority strategy. Especially, consumer experience has a significant influence on state of the art technology products like applied home electronics as these goods are generally quite expensive and consumers expend significant energy in purchasing them, so the associated warranty and brand can have a critical role in the decision making process. The price of the product was excluded in this discussion as it continually varies with the market share of the product. Results - The results of the analysis are as follows: First, each of the factors such as the standard of the warranty, brand power, and country of origin effect influences the degree of satisfaction of an individual. Second, the factors brand power and quality of the warranty interact both complementarily and synergistically at a time, depending on the brand power. As brand power is more significant, the degree of satisfaction is greater in case of products with low quality warranty compared to those with high quality warranty. Third, the brand power and country of origin effect present a complementary interaction. Fourth, the country of origin effect and quality of a warranty interact synergistically. Conclusions - Thus, the higher the quality of warranty, greater is the increment in the degree of satisfaction. The comprehensive study on the effect of the country of origin on the purchase decision process and the degree of satisfaction compared to the other elements shows that in case of Japanese and Korean markets the brand power of a company is desirable in sustaining the quality of warranty to the industrial average. Also, there is no significant improvement in the perceived quality of the product when the quality of the warranty is lowered. Therefore, the warranty effect diminishes when the value of the brand is known, while it perishes when both the brand power and the country of origin effect are strong enough.