• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.338-356
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• 2022

Lung transplantation (LT) is now considered as an effective treatment option for end-stage lung diseases that improves the short and long-term survival rates and quality of life. As increasingly many LT procedures are being performed, the medical complications of LT are also increasing in frequency and emerging as a very important issue for transplant clinicians. Although chronic lung allograft dysfunction and infection are major causes of death after LT, many medical complications, several of which result from immunosuppressive treatment, contribute to increased mortality and morbidity. This article reviews the most frequent and important medical complications of LT, accompanied by a review of the literature and studies from South Korea, including lung allograft rejection, infection, and non-allograft organ systemic complications.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.33.1-33.4
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• 2022

A male mixed-breed dog of unknown age was presented with a history of bloody diarrhea and cachexia. Toxocara canis in vomitus was identified by a parasitologist. Hematology revealed low hematocrit, eosinophilia, and low albumin. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an enlarged pulmonary artery with an irregular wall, micronodules in the lung, and vicarious excretion of contrast medium to small intestine. CT scan was helpful for identifying lung lesions and the central organs of larval migration and also show vicarious excretion of contrast medium to the small intestine in T. canis infection.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.28.1-28.14
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• 2021

Lung-resident memory T cells (T_RM) play an essential role in protecting against pulmonary virus infection. Parenteral administration of DNA vaccine is generally not sufficient to induce lung CD8 T_RM cells. This study investigates whether intramuscularly administered DNA vaccine expressing the nucleoprotein (NP) induces lung T_RM cells and protects against the influenza B virus. The results show that DNA vaccination poorly generates lung T_RM cells and massive secondary effector CD8 T cells entering the lungs after challenge infection do not offer sufficient protection. Nonetheless, intranasal administration of non-replicating adenovirus vector expressing no Ag following priming DNA vaccination deploys NP-specific CD8 T_RM cells in the lungs, which subsequently offers complete protection. This novel 'prime and deploy' strategy could be a promising regimen for a universal influenza vaccine targeting the conserved NP Ag.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2017

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a minimally invasive diagnostic method for mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of fever following EBUS-TBNA. Methods: A total of 684 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA from May 2010 to July 2012 at Seoul National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were evaluated for fever by a physician every 6-8 hours during the first 24 hours following EBUS-TBNA. Fever was defined as an increase in axillary body temperature over $37.8^{\circ}C$. Results: Fever after EBUS-TBNA developed in 110 of 552 patients (20%). The median onset time and duration of fever was 7 hours (range, 0.5-32 hours) after EBUS-TBNA and 7 hours (range, 1-52 hours), respectively, and the median peak body temperature was $38.3^{\circ}C$ (range, $137.8-39.9^{\circ}C$). In most patients, fever subsided within 24 hours; however, six cases (1.1%) developed fever lasting longer than 24 hours. Infectious complications developed in three cases (0.54%) (pneumonia, 2; mediastinal abscess, 1), and all three patients had diabetes mellitus. The number or location of sampled lymph nodes and necrosis of lymph node were not associated with fever after EBUS-TBNA. Multiple logistic regression analysis did not reveal any risk factors for developing fever after EBUS-TBNA. Conclusion: Fever is relatively common after EBUS-TBNA, but is transient in most patients. However, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of infectious complications among patients with diabetes mellitus.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2003

Background : Mycobacterium abscessus is the most common respiratory pathogen in rapidly growing mycobacteria and is resistant to all of the first-line antituberculosis drugs. This report describes the clinical and radiographic characteristics in patients with pulmonary disease caused by M. abscessus. Materials and Methods : Twelve patients with pulmonary disease caused by M. abscessus who fulfilled the 1997 American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria for a nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infection were observed over a five-and-a-half year period. The clinical characteristics and chest radiographic findings were analyzed, retrospectively. Results : The patients were predominantly female(11/12, 92%) and nonsmokers(12/12, 100%). Coughing (10/12, 83%), sputum(10/12, 83%) and hemoptysis(10/12, 83%) were the common symptoms and they had prolonged periods from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis of their disease(median 6.5 years). Eleven (92%) patients had a previous history of being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. The sputum specimens were acid-fast bacilli smear-positive in all patients. All patients were administered antituberculosis drugs. Six (50%) patients were treated with second-line antituberculosis drugs on account of persistent smear-positive sputum specimens. The chest radiographs showed that reticulonodular opacities(11/12, 92%) were the most common pattern of abnormality, followed by cavitary lesions(5/12, 42%). The computed tomography findings suggested bronchiolitis from the centrilobular nodules with a tree-in-bud appearances(9/10, 90%) and bronchiectasis (9/10, 90%) were the most common, followed by well-defined nodules smaller than 10-mm in diameter(7/10, 70%). Conclusions : M. abscessus pulmonary disease should be recognized as a cause of chronic mycobacterial lung disease, and respiratory isolates should be assessed carefully.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1054-1062
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• 1995

Discrete bullae are a well-recognized feature in patients with generalized emphysematous lung disease. They result in space occupation, expanding preferrentially at the expense of adjacent lung tissue, which has a more normal compliance.The presence of these bullae may aggravate the dyspnea consequent to generalized disease. We underwent operation for emphysematous lung disease using a modification of a technique first described by Monaldi for the drainage of pulmonary cavities after tuberculous infection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.118-123
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• 1977

Congenital cystic disease of the lung is very rare and controversial disease. But in general is regarded as developmental anomaly. Occasionally failure of the primitive lung bud to develop combined with cardiac anomaly had been reported but it was very rare. Recently a case of cystic lung disease combined with pulmonic valvular stenosis was seen in this clinic with clinical pictures of nonspecific respiratory infection and X-ray finding very similar to that of far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis, destroyed left lung. This case was treated by closed pulmonic valvulotomy and left side pneumonectomy successfully.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1047-1051
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• 1994

Airway obstruction may be caused by extreme mediastinal shift and rotation after right pneumonecotmy or after left pneumonecotomy in the presence of right aortic arch.We experienced such a complication after right pneumonectomy, so called right postpneumonectomy syndrome. The patient was 28 years old female, and 4 month ago she had undergone right pneumonecotomy via video assisted thoracoscopic surgery[VATS] for endobronchial tuberculus dissemination and secondary pulmonary infection. She was treated by mediastinal repositioning which were composed of substernal fixation of pericardium and insertion of expandable prosthesis of 1000 cc capacity. She had good postoperative course and now she feels no obstructive symptoms.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.422-426
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• 1994

Recently, we experienced one case of multiple ribs fracture with large chest wall defects. This patient was treated with internal fixation of ribs by use of Judet`s struts and reconstruction of chest wall defects by use of Teflon mesh. Postoperative outcome was satisfactory result and its advantages were reduced duration of operation, prevention of pulmonary herniation and reduced risk of postoperative infection.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.222-229
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• 2002

Human infection with the lung fluke Paragonimus westermani has become rare in Korea. Human paragonimiasis is caused by eating raw fresh-water crayfishes or crabs infected with larval metacercariae. Recently, we experienced three cases of pulmonary paragonimiasis in a family. They ate raw fresh-water crayfishes that lived in a stream in Wolchulmountain. All the parients had hypereosinophilia and pulmonary infiltrates with pleural effusion or hydropneumothorax, which did not improve on antibiotics. Ingestion of raw crayfishes was a clue for paragonimiasis. Positive results were shown both on intradermal skin test and ELISA for Paragonimus westermani specific IgG. After treatment with praziquantel, the patients showed an improvement. This is the first familial human paragonimiasis, reported from Wolchulmountain in Chonnam Province where there had been no previous cases of paragonimiasis.