• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.931-943
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• 2021

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious medical condition that can result in local pain and gait disturbance. DVT progression can also lead to death or major disability as a result of pulmonary embolism, postthrombotic syndrome, or limb amputation. However, early thrombus removal can rapidly relieve symptoms and prevent disease progression. Various endovascular procedures have been developed in the recent years to treat DVT, and endovascular treatment has been established as one of the major therapeutic methods to treat lower extremity DVT. However, the treatment of lower extremity DVT varies according to the disease duration, location of affected vessels, and the presence of symptoms. This article reviews and discusses effective endovascular treatment methods for lower extremity DVT.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2007

저자들은 평소 건강하게 지내던62세 남자 환자에게서 발생한 우하지 심부정맥혈전증과 폐색전증의 원인으로 과호모시스테인혈증이 독립적인 위험인자로 작용한 것으로 생각되는 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1979

The present study reports 41 cases of congenital and acquired heart diseases, who received open heart surgery under extracorporeal circulation [ECC] by Sarns Heart-Lung-Machine [HLM] at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital during the` period between July 1975 and February 1979. The priming of pump oxygenator was carried out by the hemodilution method using Hartman`s solution, whole blood, and fresh human plasma. The rate of hemodilution was in the average of 50.8 ml/kg. ECC was performed at the average perfusion flow rate of 85.0 ml/kg/min [2.43 L./ kg/2] and at moderate hypothermia. In the total cardiopulmonary bypass, arterial pressure ranged between 55 mmHg and 90 mmHg, but generally maintaining over 70 mmHg. Patient age ranged between 2 and 54 year old, in congenital heart diseases, between 2 and 28, in acquired heart diseases, between 17 and 54 Sex ratio of male to female was 20:21. The cases include a case of pulmonary valvular stenosis, 4 cases of atrial septal defect, 9 cases of ventricular septal defect, 9 cases of tetralogy of Fallot, 5 cases of pentalogy of Fallot, 3 cases of atypical multiple anomalies 7 cases of mitral stenosis or insufficiency, a case of myxoma in left atrium, and a case of ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva`s sinus. The surgical managements were 16 valvulotomy for pulmonary valvular stenosis, 2 Teflon patch graft closure and 5 simple suture closure of atrial septal defect, 16 Teflon patch graft closure and 5 simple suture closure of ventricular septal defect, 12 pericardial patch graft for infundibular stenosis of right ventricle, one anastomosis between left superior vena cava and right atrium, 2 open mitral commissurotomy, 5 mitral valve replacement using Starr-Edward`s ball valve, porcine xenograft by Hancock, by Carpentier-Edward, or Angell-Shiley, one removal of left atrial myxoma, and a repair of ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva`s sinus. Four [9.7%] out 41 cases expired postoperatively and the rest of 37 cases survived with satisfactory results. The causes of death were one coronary embolism in tetralogy of Fallot, 2 postoperative lower cardiac output in atypical multiple anomalies, and one right heart failure in large: ventricular septal defect with pulmonary hypertension.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.203-213
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• 1996

Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang on viscousity of mucin solution, pulmonary thromboembolism, oxygen consumption in $O_3$ - exposed and Lung TBA in rats and mice. The result was obtained as follows: 1. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and I nsamyounpaesangami-bang on the rate of viscousity sampled from mucin, Insam-younpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang were revealed to have a significant effect of decreasinf the rate of viscousity (p<0.05). 2. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on sodium arachidonic acid induced pulmonary thrombo-embolism, Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangarnibang were revealed to have an effect of increasing the number of survival(p<0,05), but were not significant. 3. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on ADP induced pulmonary thromboembolism, Insam-younpaesangamibang were revealed to have an effect of increasing the number of survival(p<0.05), but were not significant. 4. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on oxygen cansumption values in rats exposed, Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang were revealed to have a significant effect on the care of lung damages (p<0.05), but were not significant by Duncan's multiple comparision test. 5. In the effect of Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangami-bang on the lung TBA values in rats exposed $-O_3$, Insam-younpaesangamibang were revealed to have a significant effect (p<0.05) on the care of lung damages. In connection with the results of the studies, Insamyounpaesan and Insamyounpaesangamibang are concluded to be effective on the treatment of cough and lung and respiratory organ damages.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.171-190
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• 1999

본 실험은 전갈 추출물이 어혈병태 모델과 KCN으로 유발된 전뇌허혈, 뇌세포독성 등에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 전갈은 Dextran에 의해 유도된 혈전으로 감소된 혈소판수, fibrinogen량, hemocrit치를 유의성 있게 증가시키고, 증가된 prothrombin time을 유의성 있게 단축시켰다. 전갈은 thrombin과 ADP에 의해 유도된 혈소판 응집을 억제하였으나 collagen에 의해 유도된 혈소판 응집에는 저해효과를 나타내지 않았다. 또한 collagen과 epinephrine에 의해 유도된 pulmonary embolism에 대하여 보호 효과를 나타내었다. 전갈은 KCN에 의한 전뇌허혈 유발 실험에서 혼수시간을 유의성 있게 단축시켰고, Amyloid ${\beta}$ protein(25-35)에 의해 유도된 PC12 세포의 독성에 대하여 보호효과를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2019

Background: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of surgical embolectomy and to clarify the sustained long-term effects of surgery by comparing preoperative, postoperative, and long-term follow-up echocardiography outcomes. Of 22 survivors, 21 were followed up for a mean (median) period of $6.8{\pm}5.4years$ (4.2 years). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 27 surgical embolectomy cases for massive or submassive acute PTE from 2003 to 2016. Immediate and long-term follow-up outcomes of surgical embolectomy were assessed on the basis of 30-day mortality, long-term mortality, postoperative complications, right ventricular systolic pressure, and tricuspid regurgitation grade. Results: The 30-day and long-term mortality rates were 14.8% (4 of 27) and 4.3% (1 of 23), respectively. Three patients had major postoperative complications, including hypoxic brain damage, acute kidney injury, and endobronchial b leeding, respectively (3.7% each). Right ventricular systolic pressure (median [range], mm Hg) decreased from 62.0 (45.5-78.5) to 31.0 (25.7-37.0, p<0.001). The tricuspid valve regurgitation grade (median [range]) decreased from 1.5 (0.63-2.00) to 0.50 (0.50-1.00, p<0.05). The improvement lasted until the last echocardiographic follow-up. Conclusion: Surgical embolectomy revealed favorable mortality and morbidity rates in patients with acute massive or submassive PTE, with sustained long-term improvements in cardiac function.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.659-667
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• 2006

배경: 저산소증, 공기색전증, monocrotaline 약물 주입 등에 의해 혈관 내막의 손상을 일으켜 폐동맥내세포외간질 단백질 합성을 활성화시키고 혈관의 중막비후나 신생내막의 형성을 일으키는 혈관개조(vascular remodeling) 실험이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 폐정맥을 폐쇄시킨 후 변화된 혈류에 의해 폐장이 어떻게 반응하는지 확인하고자 동물실험을 실시하였다. 대상 및 방법: $352{\pm}18g$의 흰쥐(n=10)를 이용하여 ketamine 근육내 주사로 마취하여 정중흉골절개술을 시행하고 심장을 노출시킨 후 우측 폐정맥을 크립을 이용하여 폐쇄하였으며, 15일 후 폐동맥압, 좌심실과 심실중격 대비 우심실 무게비(RV/LV+Sweight ratio), 말초 폐동맥의 외측지름대비 벽두께비(percent wall thickness (%WT)) 등을 측정하여 대조군(n=5)과 비교하였다. 결과: 폐정맥 폐쇄군의 폐동맥압은 38{\pm}12 mmHg로 대조군의 $13{\pm}4mmHg$에 비해 의의 있게 증가되었다(p<0.05). 좌심실과 심실중격 대비 우심실 무게비는 대조군의 $0.35{\pm}0.04$에 비해 $0.52{\pm}0.07$로 통계적으로 유의한 우심실 비대 소견을 보였고(p<0.05), 말초 폐동맥의 외측지름대비 벽두께비는 폐쇄군이 $22.4{\pm}6.7%$로 대조군의 $6.7{\pm}3.4%$에 비해 증가되었다(p<0.05). 결론: 한쪽 폐의 폐정맥 폐쇄는 폐동맥고혈압, 우심실 비대, 말초 폐동맥의 중막 비후 소견을 유도하였다. 이는 폐동맥 혈관개조의 병리학적 특성을 나타내는 것으로 일측 폐정맥을 폐쇄하는 경우 반대측 폐장의 폐혈류량 증가뿐만 아니라 혈관개조를 유발하는 내막의 손상을 동반함을 알 수 있었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.210-222
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• 2000

한국산 잡견 11마리를 대상으로 자가 혈병을 이용한 급성 폐색전증을 만들고 ET 수용체 길항제를 투여하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 혈병 투여후 폐동맥압은 상승하였고 심박출량은 감소하였으며 페혈관 저항은 증가하였다. 동맥혈 산소분압과 혼합 정맥혈의 산소 분압이 감소하였고 사강호흡이 증가하였고 생리적 단락이 증가하였으나 전신혈압은 변동이 없었다. 모든 측정치는 수용체 길항제 투여군과 대조군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. ET-1 수용체 길항제 투여후 전신혈압, 동맥 및 혼합정맥혈산소 분압, 동정맥 단락, 및 사강호흡의 정도는 두군간에 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 폐동맥압, 심박출량, 폐혈관 저항은 길항제 투여 30분후부터 수용체 길항제 투여군과 대조군간에 차이를 보이기 시작하여 210분후까지 지속되었다. 3. ET-1의 농도는 색전전(Baseline)에 비하여 색전후 동맥혈, 혼합정맥혈, 및 그 비(동맥혈/혼합정맥혈)가 증가를 보였고, 수용체 길항제 투여후 투여군에서는 대조군에 비해 ET-1의 농도 증가가 의미 있게 높았다. 4. 면역조직화학염색상에서 폐색전증이 유발된 개의 폐혈관 및 폐조직에서 색전을 투여하지 않은 정상 개의 조직에 비해 ET-1의 발현이 증가되었다. 5. Northern blot 상에서 폐색전이 일어난 폐조직의 preproET-1 mRNA 발현은 색전이 일어나지 않은 개의 폐조직에 비하여 증가되었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.117-133
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate anti-thrombotic effects of Hyulbuchukeotanggamibang(HBCT). Methods: It was measured the effects which was given to blood flow rate through the regular volume of glass tube after the blood was diluted five times with ACD soulution. Antithrombotic effect was calculated as a percentage of the experimental animal figure protected from the paralysis of hind legs or death of the mouse that is caused from the administration of platelet aggregation regent. Results: 1. HBCT showed a safety in toxicity of liver. 2. In experiment of anti-thrombotic effect, HBCT inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by ADP and epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid as compared with the control group. 3. HBCT inhibited pulmonary embolism induced by collagen and epinephrine (inhibitory rate is 50%). 4. HBCT increased platelet number and fibrinogen amount significantly and also HBCT shortened PT and APTT significantly as compared with the control group in thrombus model induced by dextran. 5. HBCT increased blood flow rate insignificantly as compared with the control group in vivo. Conclusion: These results suggest that HBCT can be used for treating diverse female diseases caused by thrombosis.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.110-126
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• 2005

Purpose : The Purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of antithrombotic activities of Wuslsan (WSS). Methods : Measure the effect which was given to blood flow rate through the regular volume of glass tube after the blood was diluted five times with ACD soulution. Antithrombotic effect was calculated as a percentage of the experimental animal figure protected from the paralysis of hind legs or death of the mouse that is caused from the administration of platelet aggregation regent. Being classified one group of eight mice, each of them was divided into Normal, Control, and WSS. The normal group supplied a saline solution and the control group brought the dextran extravasated blood after an hour of administering the saline solution. Also WSS was dissolved in 2ml saline solution and then we dosed it to the experimental mice with Oral Zonde one day before the experiment. After that, the mice were abstained from food. And then we gave a measured amount of it before an hour. Finally, it gave rise to dextran extravasated blood in the same way as the Control group. Results : The results were obtained as follows. WSS inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and epinephrine significantly as compared with the control group. WSS showed fibrinolytic activity insignificantly as compared with the control group. WSS increased blood flow rate significantly as compared with the control group in vitro. WSS inhibited pulmonary embolism induced by collagen and Epinephrine(inhibitive rate is 37.5%). WSS increased number of platelet and fibrinogen amount significantly, and shortened PT and APTT as compared with the control group in thrombus model induced by dextran. Conclusion : WSS is effective antithrombotic activity from experimental result.