• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 2011

Modern society is heading towards a knowledge & information based society where knowledge and information is valued, or a knowledge creation society where information is analyzed and processed to be used as knowledge. This means that not only individuals but also every organization is always surrounded by information and that we are witnessing a transition into a society where the value of knowledge and information is increasingly higher so sometimes we must actively explore and use the information across the whole social structure involved with politics, economy and culture. Recently, while the amount of information at public libraries at home and abroad has greatly increased in volume and the kinds have become diverse, efforts for digitalizing and integrating knowledge & information resources are being pursued aggressively. A new paradigm of facilities and space configuration for public libraries is required so that along with traditional library service there will exist integrated links and exchange of digital information resources and all users will be able to equally access that information. Therefore, assuming that human, information and space are important design factors as to space planning for public libraries, this study compared characteristics of the space structure and the form of exchange of knowledge & information through examples involved with public libraries having opened in the past three to four years from perspectives of space sociology and communication. This is a basic study to provide organized design guidelines about the form of exchange of creative knowledge & information from various perspectives in the knowledge & information age. Also this study is considered to have a significance in activating communication with users through exchange, creation and experience of knowledge & information, which is a social role that modern public libraries support.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.99-122
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• 2018

The Korean government has established a plan on the 'service operating system of public libraries', which divides the local libraries into a central library, regional libraries, and small branches. However, due to the low interest of the libraries and, above all, the structural problems caused by the dualization of the library administrative bodies, no action plans have been developed. This study intends to propose an integrated operating system for public libraries in Busan metropolitan and to design specific roles and functions according to the library status. To the ends, this study examined the Korean government's plan for public library operation, analyzed the operation cases of foreign public libraries, and finally suggested the detailed action plan of an integrated operating system based on the case of Busan Metropolitan City. The data were collected from literature review and on site field survey, supplemented by e-mail inquiry and official statistical information.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.315-324
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• 2022

The goal of this study is to understand better the relationship between hospital bed occupancy rate and cost rigidity as a proxy for the degree of hospital bed congestion, as well as the relationship between the risk of changes in hospital bed occupancy rate and congestion cost, targeting public hospitals. As public hospitals for analysis, we selected hospital projects from the Public Enterprises Survey Reports published by the Department of Public Enterprises, Ministry of Finance, and obtained unbalanced panel data consisting of 1,505 hospitals and 15 years, totaling 12,595 hospitals and years. The analysis revealed that the risk of changes in the bed occupancy rate increases the degree of cost rigidity and leads to a decrease in the variable cost ratio; furthermore, an increase in the bed occupancy rate decreases the degree of cost rigidity and leads to an increase in the variable cost ratio. These findings suggest that although public hospitals are taking managerial actions to avoid congestion costs, congestion costs resulting from higher bed occupancy rates have not been eliminated. The regression analysis results show that even if congestion costs arise as the occupancy rate increases, they are covered by the increase in revenue associated with the increase in the occupancy rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.477-482
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• 2004

Due to the traffic congestion of the city and public transportation-oriented policies, public transportation is receiving more attention and being used increasingly However, relatively less research on the design and distribution of public transportation network and limitations in quantitative approaches have made implementation and operation practically difficult. Over- or under-supply of transportation routes caused unbalanced connectivity among areas and differences in time, expenses and metal burden of users. On the other hand, the Space Syntax theory, designed to calculate the connectivity of urban or architectural space, helps generate quantitative connectivity of whole space simply based on the spacial structure. This study modified the original Space Syntax algorithm to fit the public transportation problem and showed how it is appied to a network by creating an artificial network using the GIS.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.20 no.3 s.111
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• pp.49-57
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• 1981

Current population trends, marked by an increasing accumulation of old members, must be followed by major adjustment in socioeconomic planning since our traditional family structure has been changing as a result of scientific and sociologic advances. Welf

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2010

This study is to clarify the actual condition of some characteristics of a public facilities and the space design of laube of Japanese 3-Kleingartens. The results of this paper is as follows: 1)There are basically all the public facility for maintenance in the kleingartens. B and C Kleingartens have the various public facilities to get the additional experience for members. 2) All the laube is a wood structure, the floor plans are all the same square types. The deck, terrace, and balcony were very useful facilities to agricultural works. 3)The basic rooms of all the laube are usual entry, storage, kitchen, dining, living, bathroom. The floor plan of A and B laube is planned by a closed kitchen, C laube is a living kitchen. The living room of B laube is a variable space, to separating or unity room possibly.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.5-22
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• 2018

In the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, which was to become an innovative society, we now face the forefront of a technological revolution, and in response to these changes, the world is actively developing the maker movement to nurture new innovations. Accordingly, it is necessary to change the functions of the library in order to play a leading role in a changing life environment. In addition, it is necessary to present certain directions in policies in order to help expand the library's capabilities to utilize a cultural technology. In this study, we have conducted a survey on public library librarians' perceptions towards makerspaces, and based on this, we have proposed directions and support policies for public library's makerspaces and a dissemination structure of makerspaces for the public library.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.171-185
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify web designer's knowledge organization for WWW. Linked web sites were investigated in public library web pages. Independent variable was the supervised offices of public libraries and dependent variables were the web sites of type of public libraries, supervised offices of public libraries, and employment information. Results showed that special library and supervised office web sites were linked differently by public library web pages differently based upon supervised offices. This difference was resulted from geographical factors and types of information on the web sites.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.111-118
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• 2022

Conflicts in public construction projects become more serious and complex so that they have a negative effect on performance of projecets. Conflicts in public construction projects are defined as expanding in complaints. This study analyzes the relationship structure and effect on performance between complaints and conflicts. First of all, 219 survey data collected from industry experts were used to derive complaints arising from the project and to understand the characteristics of each complaint. In the case of environmental damages, rather than environmental damage during construction, harmful substances or effects that can occur in completed facilities cause complaints from local residents, and opposition from environmental groups has a great effect on time and cost increase. As for safety damage, civil complaints related to prevention and countermeasures for safety accidents occur frequently, and additional construction affects cost increases. Through this study, it is possible to understand the serious complaints that are prone to conflict in public construction projects, their frequency, and the performance of the project.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.148-159
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• 2018

This study empirically examined the influence of ownership structure(public/private) and revenue structure (high dependency on advertisement/low dependency on advertisement) of broadcasting companies upon journalists' perceptions regarding the degree of freedom in news reporting, the factors that limit freedom of press, satisfaction with the work autunomy and satisfaction with company's policies of news reporting and editing in light of resource dependency theory. The result showed that both the ownership structure and revenue structure of broadcasting companies influenced the journalists' perception regarding the degree of freedom in news gathering and reporting. It was also confirmed that only the revenue structure affected the level of satisfaction with work autonomy while the degree of satisfaction with the company's policies on editing and programing was influenced by the ownership structure. The perception of the factors that limit the freedom of press was found to be influenced only by the ownership structure, as did the satisfaction with policies on editing and programing. These results are very significant as they show that the level of dependence on advertising revenue affects journalists' news reporting, and that journalists of public broadcasting companies are influenced by the dependence on government or other political powers as well as on advertising revenue.