• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.70-103
• /
• 1995

The aim of this study sets out to discover a desirable form of public centers among the alternative ones and make a health center model. Especially, this study attempts; (i) to investigate factors that affect the performance of health centers; (ii) carry out cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) for the various type of health centers; (iii) identify innovative strategies to increase the use of health center. Cost-effectiveness analysis is used to compare the performance of all the centers. The following is taken to create the index. Wi = Ti x Mi x Eij (Wi: weight for service item I, Ti : time spent for service I, Mi ; number of health personnel involved in service I, Eij : years of schooling for personnel j in providing service I). As a result of these analyses, policy options as follows are recommended; (i) proper manpower, especially public health physician (oriental medical doctor), should be enough to provide health care adequately; (ii) facilities ad equipments in the health center should be provided sufficiently. (iii) the utilization of health centers should be raised by active operation of mobil service, community participation and health education program. Ultimately health centers in public sector are to be fostered for the promotion of health care by enhancing the financial and quality, continuity and efficiency of health services.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study conducted to identify factors affecting on the job stress among employees of community integrated health promotion programs. Methods: A total of 175 employees of community integrated health promotion programs in public health centers were asked to complete a pack of self-report questionnaires. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Employees' emotional labor was a bit higher than moderate. Employees' job stress was higher than that of general employees in public health centers but similar to police officers. Job stress had a positive relationship with emotional labor and a negative relationship with self-efficacy. Factors affecting on the job stress were emotional labor, self efficacy and working period for integrated health promotion. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, employees of community integrated health promotion programs in public health centers need to develop effective interventions to help them effectively decrease job stress. This, in turn, will decrease emotional labor and increase self efficacy.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.173-192
• /
• 2006

Objectives: This job analysis of a staff in charge of quit-smoking policy at public health centers aims at providing fundamental information to establish strategies supporting various quit-smoking. Methods: The job analysis of a staff in charge of quit-smoking policy at public health centers was carried out through DACUM(Development of Curriculum) method from April through May 2006. Three experts had developed job description with staffs in charge of quit-smoking policy at public health centers through two workshops. The survey was practiced for staff in charge of quit-smoking policy at the other public health centers. The characteristics of the staffs such as age, years for working at public health center, years for charging with quit-smoking work, the proportion of responsibility for quit-smoking work, were surveyed. Results: The research has reached the conclusions below. 1. The job description have been developed considering input-process-outcome axis and plan-do-evaluation axis for quit-smoking policy at public health centers. The final job description is composed of 3 missions, 7 accountabilities, 20 sub-work items. 2. The quit-smoking activity mostly focused at direct education and counselling. But planing and evaluation activity for quit-smoking have been under-achieved. 3. The staffs for quit-smoking policy were feel it is easy to educate and counsel to comer to public health centers for quit-smoking. But having the high proportion of responsibility for quit-smoking policy have usually difficult to do that. So they want to education about counselling for smoker. 4. The staffs who worked over the 2 years for quit-smoking policy the public health center have responded that investigate the smoking rate of the jurisdiction community and the problem of the culture about smoking and smoking policy is important. Conclusions: The study helps reinforcing the initiatives of central government for quit-smoking policy at public health centers. Especially staffs want education in technology area for counselling smoker. And they want nationwide supporting for investigating smoking rate and related factors at the local level.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.5-33
• /
• 1995

The objective of the study are two-fold: one is to explore the relationship between environment, organizational structure, and organizational effectiveness of public health centers in Korea, and the other is to examine the validity of contingency theory for improving the organizational structure of public health care agencies, with special emphasis on public health nursing administration. Accordingly, the conceptual model of the study consisted of three different concepts: environment, organizational structure, and organizational effectiveness, which were built up from the contingency theory. Data were collected during the period from 1st of May through 30th of June, 1990. From the total of 249 health centers in the country, one hundred and five centers were sampled non proportionally, according to the geopolitical distribution. Out of 105, 73 health centers responded to mailed questionnaire. The health centers were the unit of the study, and a various statistical analysis techniques were used: Reliability analysis(Cronbach's Alpha) for 4 measurement tools; Shapiro-Wilk statistic for normality test of measured scores of 6 variables: ANOVA, Pearson Correlaion analysis, regressional analysis, and canonical correlation analysis for the test of the relationships and differences between the variables. The results were. as follows : 1. No significant differences between forma lization, decision-making authority and environmental complexity were found(F=1.383, P=.24 ; F=.801, P=.37). 2. Negative relationships between formalization and decision-making authority for both urban and rural health centers were found(r=-.470, P=.002 ; r=-.348, P=.46). 3. No significant relationship between formalization and job satisfaction for both urban and rural health centers were found (r=-.242, P=.132, r=-.060, P=.739). 4. Significant positive relationship between decision - making authority and job satisfaction were found in urban health centers (r=.504, P=.0009), but no such relationship was observed in rural health centers. Regression coefficient between them was statistically significant($\beta=1.535$, P=.0002), and accuracy of regression line was accepted (W=.975, P= .420). 5. No significant relationships among formalization and family planning services, maternal health services, and tuberculosis control services for both urban and rural health centers were found. 6. Among decision-making authority and family planning services, maternal health services, and tuberculosis control services, significant positive relationship was found between de cision-making authority and family planning services(r=.286, P=.73). 7. A significant difference was found in maternal health services by the type of health centers (F=5.13, P=.026) but no difference was found in tuberculosis control services by the type of health centers, formalization, and decision-making authority. 8. A significant positive relationships were found between family planning services and maternal health services and tuberculosis control services, and between maternal health services and tuberculosis control services (r=-.499, P=.001 ; r=.457, P=.004 ; r=.495, P=.002) in case of urban health centers. In case of rural health centers, relationships between family planning services and tuberculosis control services, and between maternal health services and tuberculosis control services were statistically significant (r=.534, P=.002 ; r=.389, P=.027). No significant relationship was found between family planning and maternal health services. 9. A significant positive canonical correlation was found between the group of independent variables consisted of formalization and de cision-making authority and the group of dependent variables consisted of family planning services, maternal health services and tuberculosis control services(Rc=.455, P=.02). In case of urban health centers, no significant canonical correlation was found between them, but significant canoncial correlation was found in rural health centers(Rc=.578, P=.069), 10. Relationships between job satisfaction and health care productivity was not found significant. Through these results, the assumed relationship between environment and organizational structure was not supported in health centers. Therefore, the relationship between the organizational effectiveness and the congruence between environment and organizational structure that contingency theory proposes to exist was not able to be tested. However decision-making authority was found as an important variable of organizational structure affecting family planning services and job satisfaction in urban health centers. Thus it was suggested that decentralized decision making among health professionals would be a valuable strategy for improvement of organizational effectiveness in public health centers. It is also recommended that further studies to test contingency theory would use variability and uncertainty to define environment of public health centers instead of complexity.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.3-11
• /
• 2009

This study purports to investigate the status quo of the aged and disabled-friendly system in public health centers through the questionnaire survey and field interview. Data were collected from a total of 101 public health centers. The survey results revealed that the aged and disabled-friendly system in public health centers were not sufficient for meeting the needs of the elderly and disabled people. Based upon the study results, the following suggestions can be made to establish the aged and the disabled-friendly system in public health centers. The results of the study will make a contribution to establishing a good system for the aged and the disabled persons. In detail, they will be able to provide useful information for evaluating the status quo of the aged and the disabled-friendly system in many institutions. In addition, The results could be used as a practical strategy for improving the quality of the facilities for the aged and the disabled. In conclusion, the strategy and evaluation tool developed in the study will provide a good guide for establishing the aged and the disabled-friendly system in any institutions.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2020

Background: This study investigated the status of oral health promotion activities for adult workers in public health centers and industrial dental offices and provided basic data for the model development of oral health promotion program for adult workers in Korea. Methods: A questionnaire was developed separately according to the person who in charge of the oral health promotion activities in public health centers nationwide and dental hygienists working in 20 industrial dental offices. This survey was conducted through postal survey and consisted of 29 items and 35 items respectively, including 19 common items for general information, oral health promotion program status and opinion. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS ver. 23.0. Results: We analyzed the data of 147 public health centers (57.9%) and 9 industrial dental offices (45.0%). A workforce with a lack of practice was the biggest barrier to oral health promotion activities for adult workers. However, both groups showed high intention for the practice of adult worker's oral health promotion activities. Also, they showed willingness to work together in an organic partnership to perform their roles (94.4% and 77.8%, respectively). Regarding the scope of cooperation in the implementation of the industrial oral health promotion activity linked to the public health center, dental hygienists of industrial dental offices responded that they could coordinate necessary matters and schedule management. Conclusion: The development of an oral health promotion program aided by the relationship between public health centers and industrial dental offices is essential for the oral health promotion of adult workers. The possibility of cooperation between the abovementioned centers was confirmed through this study. In a long-term perspective, it would be necessary to identify a method to institutionalize industrial dental hygienists for the provision of continuous oral health care in workplaces.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.678-685
• /
• 2001

Although breastfeeding is recognized to be vital to the health and well-being of children and women, the rate of breastsfeeding among Korean women has continuously decreased. One barrier to breastfeeding has been identified to be associated with health care providers. Health care professionals do not give sufficient advice and encouragement, next do hospitals provide supportive environments for breastfeeding by separating infants from mothers or providing formula. The purpose of this study was to investigate prenatal breastfeeding education and infant feeding practices in public health centers and baby-friendly hospitals. A telephone survey was carried out on 57 public health centers located in the Seoul and Chungcheong areas and 13 baby-freindly hospitals from February to April in 2000. Among the public health centers, 43.8% offered periodic prenatal education for pregnant women who visited the centers. Most of them used leaflets or pamphlets developed by the Ministry of Health and Welfare or UNICEF. Twenty six percent of the public health centers developed their own educational materials. All of the 13 baby-friendly hospitals gave additional fluids to infants, did not allow mothers and infants to stay together 24 hours a day, and did not foster the establishment of breatfeeding support groups among the mothers. Most of the baby-friendly hospitals gave artificial teats, did not help mothers initiate breastfeeding within a half-hour of birth. Findings indicate that current practices even in the baby-friendly hospitals are not consistent with the '10 steps to success breastfeeding'. Therefore, deliberate efforts should be made to incorporate adequate breastfeeding education into prenatal program in both public health centers and hospitals, and create environments to support breastfeeding in hospitals, even in baby-friendly hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.62-71
• /
• 2000

In order to investigate the social support and the job satisfaction of the public health nurse, questionnaire survey was carried out on 297 nurses who were working in 25 public health centers in Seoul. The results of the study were as follows; 1. Mean score of job satisfaction was the highest in interaction(3.55) followed by-professional position(3.46), relationship between nurses and doctors(3.23), autonomy(2.85), administration(2.60), requirements(2.43) and pay(2.30) in descending order, and total mean score was 2.92. 2. The level of the job satisfaction was significantly higher in group with longer than 20 years' career and 15 years' in Public Health Center, 5th job rank and income more than two million won a month. 3. The mean score of social support was 3.57 out of 5. The social support tended to be higher in direct social support(3.61) than in indirect social support(3.54). 4. Job satisfaction was significantly correlated with social support(r=0.407). 5. The primary factor which influenced the job satisfaction was the social support which had the 25.5% explaining efficacy. The total explaining efficacy which included pay(6.4%) was 31.0%. In conclusion, it was found out that there existed Pearson's correlation between the job satisfaction and the social support of nurses of Public Health Centers in Seoul. Therefore, what is needed to increase the job satisfaction of nurses of public Health Centers is the politic support for the systems of the social support such as nurse's family, the system of Public Health Center, and the working environment. Finally it is important to increase the job satisfaction of nurses of Public Health Centers through the politic support.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2002

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate predictors of job satisfaction of home visiting nurses at the 16 public health centers in Busan. Method: There are two groups of independent factors: non-work related (age. educational level. working duration as nurses in hospitals. certificate). and work related (working duration as nurses in public health centers. working duration as home visiting nurse. position. number of households visited per week, workload, cooperation among staff, support by supervisors, supply of vehicles, supply of materials). The participants were 88 home visiting nurses from 16 public health centers in Busan. Data were collected with self-administrated questionnaires and analysed using an univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression analysis. Result: support by supervisors (good vs not-good, OR=3.70. p=0.025), and supply of materials (good vs not-good, OR=3.33, p=0.038) had significants effects on job satisfaction. Conclusion: The results were similar to those of other studies on the predictors of job satisfaction of clinical nurse at hospitals, and were helpful in developing nursing interventions to increase job satisfaction among home visiting nurses in public health centers. Busan.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purposes of this study are; to classify executive organizations engaged in MCH programs at 23 advanced public health centers according to each characteristic; evaluate the effectiveness of organizations engaged in MCH programs. Method: This study analyzes me data on the present conditions and evaluates the organizational effectiveness of MCH workers at 23 advanced public health centers. The organizational effectiveness of MCH organization is assessed by both MCH workers and clients who have received MCH services at the three health centers selected from me 23 advanced public health centers. Finally, this study seeks to obtain consensus among experts in the field of MCH. Results: The results are as follows. The executive organizational systems for MCH services are classified into three types: Type I (provides MCH and HP services by MCH org.); Type II(provides MCH and HP Services by HP org); and Type III(provides MCH Services by MCH org. and HP services by HP org.) at leading MCH Health Centers. The evaluation of the organizational effectiveness of MCH org. shows that Type II is the most effective in terms of teamwork, autonomy, service quality, and resource utilization. According to clients' evaluation of organizational system in the field of MCH, Type II is also me most effective. Conclusion: This study suggests that the executive organization for the MCH and HP services for maternity and children should be established in accordance with lifetime health programs in order to efficiently utilize the limited MCH and HP resources at public health centers.