• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.523-528
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• 2013

Background: The possibility that electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure may increase male breast cancer risk has been discussed for a long time. However, arguments have been presented that studies limited by poor quality could have led to statistically significant results by chance or bias. Moreover, data fo the last 10 years have not been systematically summarized. Methods and Results: To confirm any possible association, a meta-analysis was performed by a systematic search strategy. Totals of 7 case-control and 11 cohort studies was identified and pooled ORs with 95% CIs were used as the principal outcome measures. Data from these studies were extracted with a standard meta-analysis procedure and grouped in relation to study design, cut-off point, exposure assessment method, adjustment and exposure model. A statistical significant increased risk of male breast cancer with EMF exposure was defined (pooled ORs = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.14-1.52, P < 0.001), and subgroup analyses also showed similar results. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that EMF exposure may be associated with the increase risk of male breast cancer despite the arguments raised.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.893-904
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• 2020

The study examines the relationship between credit risk and operational risk (understanding of risk management, risk identification, risk assessment and control, and risk monitoring) on risk management practices followed by private and public sector commercial banks. The cross-sectional data method was used to check the impact of risk management practices. Data was collected from the bank employees and a total of 284 respondents were finally selected for further analysis. Measurement Invariance of Composite Models analysis is used to test the quality of the measurement model for sub-samples, and multi-group analysis is used for path analysis in sub-sample through PLS-SEM. The findings of the study as the total sample show that both types of banks are managing adequate and significant risk management practices. On the other hand, sub-groups' results show private sector banks are more momentous than public sector banks. Risk identification is significantly different at the sub-group level, which shows public sector banks are more concentrating on this type of risk. Understanding of risk management has no significant effect on both types of banks and risk assessment & control for public sector banks, and there is a difference in the risk management practices among private and public sector commercial banks.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.418-427
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• 2014

Purpose: Objectives of this study were to investigate the association between efficiency and quality of health care in Long-term Care Hospitals (LTCH) and determine related factors that would enable achievement of both high efficiency and high quality at the same time. Methods: Major data sources were the "2012 Korean Assessment of Propriety by Long-term Care Hospitals" obtained from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. Cost variables were supplemented by a National Tax Service accounting document. First, data envelopment analysis was performed by generating efficiency scores for each LTCH. Second, matrix analysis was conducted to ascertain association between efficiency and quality. Lastly, kruskal-wallis and mann-whitney tests were conducted to identify related factors. Results: First, efficiency and quality of care are not in a relationship of trade-offs; thus, LTCH can be confident that high efficiency-high quality can be achieved. Second, LTCH with a large number of beds, longer tenure of medical personnel, and adequate levels of investment were more likely to have improved quality as well as efficiency. Conclusion: It is essential to enforce legal standards appropriate to the facilities, reduce turnover of nursing staff, and invest properly in human resources. These consequences will help LTCH to maintain the balance of high efficiency-high quality in the long-run.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.241-262
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• 2017

This study aims to identify and analyze the Twitter use of domestic public libraries. In order to identify the detailed patterns of Twitter use in library and information services, a content analysis was conducted for the 3,038 tweet data from the top 14 public libraries' accounts on Twitter use. Inductive approach was adopted to develop a coding scheme and open coding was conducted with the entire tweet. Additionally, correspondence analysis was conducted for the result of content analysis to identify how library accounts correspond to specific types. As a result, 3 main categories and 9 sub-categories of public libraries' Twitter use were developed. And the 37 detailed patterns of public libraries' use of Twitter were identified. The identified patterns can provide the libraries interested in Twitter use with guidelines.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.77-90
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• 2023

This study employed the Gini coefficient decomposition analysis to classify and examine fishery household income inequality according to income sources. The raw data from the Fisheries Economic Survey by the National Statistical Office were used for the analysis after equalization according to the recommended method of the OECD. In particular, the Gini coefficient was decomposed by classifying with and without public subsidies, and the contribution, correlation, and marginal effect by income source were presented.As a result of the analysis, the inequality of fishing income and non-fishing income of fishermen was worsening, and the inequality of transfer income was continuously easing. Among them, fisheries subsidies have been analyzed to have the greatest contribution to the Gini coefficient of gross income and the highest relative marginal effect, although distribution inequality has been alleviated. On the other hand, other subsidies, including public pensions, were found to have the opposite contribution, correlation, and marginal effect to fisheries subsidies. The results of this analysis showed that even within public subsidies, the contribution to income redistribution might differ depending on the nature of the subsidy. In addition, in the case of other public subsidies, it can be seen that the transition from selective welfare to universal welfare occurs.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.105-122
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• 2007

To understand the present status and the development of the digital reference service in Korean public libraries, a nationwide site observation was attempted in 2007. The collected data was analyzed, then compared with the previous analysis based on a 2003 data. For the 404 sites offering digital reference, operational characteristics, such as access level, service mode, link description, policy, web form, and FAQ, are analyzed, Performance analysis focused on the presence of question posting, volume of usage, response rate, and types of the questions, for the data collected for 15 days through question and answer transcript recording. Results reveal findings on the present situation as well as changes over 4 years. Related problems are identified. The conclusion includes suggestions for improving digital reference service.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.327-337
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the current state of paid care services and to identify the factors that affect the utilization of private nursing services. This study constructed and utilized the Korean Health Panel data (2011-2014) in the form of panel data, and selected 5,110 patients who had experience using one or more hospitalization services per year. STATA 12.0 SE was used for data processing and analysis of this study. Frequency analysis was performed to confirm basic characteristics of hospitalized patients. Cross-analysis and t-test were conducted to confirm the status of paid care services according to characteristics. Respectively. Finally, panel logistic regression was performed by applying a hierarchical method to stepwise modeling the three categories of Andersen's Behavioral Model to identify factors affecting the use of paid care services for inpatients. The results showed that the use of paid nursing services was higher in women, elderly, long - term hospitalized and disabled. On the other hand, significant household income variables in private employment did not show significant results. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the selection of the nursing care integrated services under discussion. In addition, detailed discussions on the selection of subjects should be made in the future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.375-386
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to identify the present use of caregiver services, to evaluate the degree of satisfaction with the services according to type of caregiver service, private or public, and to provide data for the development of a plan which will provide good quality service with less economic and psychological burden to the patients and their families. Survey data were collected from 130 patients in 4 general hospitals in Seoul, and their families. Data were collected during April, 2004, using a questionnaire which included the patient satisfaction scale developed by Jun (2001). Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations, $X^2$ analysis, t-test. The SPSS computer program was used to facilitate analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows; The total score for satisfaction was high for both groups. For the private caregiver group it was $52.38{\pm}11.08$, and for the public caregiver group, $58.14{\pm}9.64$. This difference was significant(t=-3.391, p=.001). In all of areas, the scores for satisfaction of the public caregiver service group were higher than private caregiver service group, ie. caregivers' attitude, role, confidence, performance, and service charge, and all the differences were significant. In conclusion, it was found that long-term hospitalization of older patients with high dependence resulted in more caregiver service. There were more severe patients in the public caregiver group, but the service charges, additional costs and paid holidays were less. Based on these results, patients and their families were significantly more satisfied with public caregiver service because it was not only less expensive but also had a high quality of service. Thus, caregiver services should be systemized so that patients and their families will get the best quality caregiver service

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.91-119
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• 2021

The importance of industrial policy and innovation policy perspectives on public procurement has recently been highlighted. In particular, there have been discussions and studies on whether public procurement directly affects the growth and innovation of SMEs. As an extension of this study, this study analyzes whether the age of a firm moderating the effect of public procurement on growth among the characteristics of firms participating in public procurement. The analysis data was constructed by matching the financial data of about 1,247 firms designated as excellent products by the Public Procurement Service(PPS) from 2006 to 2017 and the public procurement sales. As a result of analysis through the panel regression model, firms with a greater degree of public procurement showed a higher growth rate, and this relationship was stronger with younger firms. This result not only contributes to the existing academic discussion on the effectiveness of public procurement, but also has significance in the establishment of public procurement policy.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1005-1014
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• 2017

Focusing on the role of the science museum as an institution to improve the scientific literacy of the public, this study investigated public perception and behavior about science museum to know how much science museums affect the public by using social media big data analysis. For this purpose, we extracted texts containing 'science museum' in Naver blogs and Twitter, analyzed them by using network, frequency, co-ocurrence, and semantics analysis and compared them with the results in English speaking countries. As a result, blogs were mainly concerned with science museum among parents who have young children, while in Twitter posts from many students who visited as a group appeared. Therefore, the Korean public used science museum mainly as a space for children's experience, and in this case, programs and exhibitions of science museums are perceived positively. On the other hand, students who visited as a group showed some negative emotions. The result of comparison with the cases of foreign countries in terms of the function of the third generation science museum such as communications with the science museum and the public and the participation of the public in science, the Korean public hardly mentioned the scientific contents, words related to communications such as 'argue', and curators or staff after visiting the science museum. In contrast to many verbs related to meaningful activities such as 'learn', 'participate', 'listen', 'read', 'ask', 'think' appeared in English, only a small number of verbs include 'ask' and 'thin' appeared in Korean. Therefore, science museum need to improve impression, communicating with public, and involving activity with impact and variety after visit.