• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2018

Purpose: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is complex and multifactorial including trauma, anatomical, pathophysiological, social and psychological factors. Psychological factors can induce or sustain TMDs in various ways. And psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression can be occurred due to TMDs. Therefore, evaluation of psychological factors in patients with TMDs is important. Although disc displacement (DD) is crucial in clinical situation, most of studies have focused on the relationship of psychosocial factors and myofascial pain. And also, Subtypes of DD can cause different degrees of discomfort, it is necessary to evaluate the psychological states of the patients according to the subtype. The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) is one of the self-report questionnaire to evaluate the psychological factors. HADS-Anxiety (HADS-A) and HADS-Depression (HADS-D) are assessed through 14 questions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anxiety and depression assessed by HADS in patients diagnosed with subtypes of DD according to diagnostic criteria for TMDs. Methods: Four hundred thirty nine patients were diagnosed as one of the subtypes of DD. One hundred fourty nine subjects with no symptoms were set as control groups. All of them answered the HADS for Koreans. The cut-off score for anxiety and depression was set a score of 8. The chi-square test was performed to evaluate association between DD and anxiety/depression. Results: There was a significant difference in HADS-D between five groups (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in HADS-A. All the DD groups showed a significant difference in HADS-D compared with the control group except the DD without reduction without limited opening group. The DD without reduction with limited opening group showed the highest rates in HADS-D (40.4%). Conclusions: Based on the above results, it is necessary to consider the depression in treatment of the patients with DDs.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

Patients diagnosed with cancer face mental problems such as alienation, isolation, anxiety about death and fear, recovering from psychological difficulties. In this study, a forest healing program was provided for cancer patients to recover from psychological stress, depression, social isolation and self-esteem caused by cancer and changes in salivary cortisol through psychological and emotional recovery were measured. From September 19 to November 28, 2017, a forest healing program composed of a total of 10 sessions, two hours per session was provided for 12 cancer patients in the Forest of Taegyo located in Yongin. Psychological tests were performed with Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS), Korean-version Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 18.0. The salivary cortisol level was measured along with the psychological tests and were analyzed by a specialized testing agency. The results of the analysis showed that the pre- and post-assessment score of SASS was 29.17 and 25.92, respectively, and that the pre- and post-assessment score of PSS was 30.50 and 23.92, respectively. The pre- and post-assessment score of BDI was 41.00 and 34.83, respectively, which showed significant differences. In addition, the pre- and post-assessment level of saliva cortisol was 3.13 and 1.68, respectively, showing a significant decrease. In short, the forest healing program was found to be effective in reducing physiological changes caused by social isolation and stress due to the emotional and psychological difficulties that the subjects who were diagnosed with cancer and were recovering from it have. In the future, it will be necessary to develop and implement a forest healing program by conducting a forest healing requirement survey on cancer patients.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.256-265
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the psychological problems of the children in early stage and provide basic data for develop the children's mental health promotion programs. Methods: There were 270 subjects who were fist and forth grade of elementary school and the data was collected through their parents. This study use Child Problem-Behavior Screening Questionnaire that was divided into five sub-scales, including internal problems, external problems, cognitive problems, abuse problems and psychosomatic problems. Each sub-scales have one cutting points, children whose scores above the cutting points means abnormal in correspond subscale. Results: 1) The most appearing problems was psychosomatic problems with 10.8% of subjects and next internal problems with 8.6% of subjects in elementary school student. 2) For distribution of mental behavior development according to gender, there was significant difference in psychosomatic problems between male and female (p =.009). 3) For distribution of mental behavior development according to grade, the results showed that significant difference in internal problems (p =.000) and total scores of CPSQ (p =.012) between first grade and forth grade. Conclusion: When we develop children's mental health promotion program, it is necessary to considerate the gender and grade characteristics.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제9권spc호
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• pp.35-55
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• 2003

최근까지 한국사회에서 각종 대규모 안전사고가 발생한 배경에는 국가에서 지난 30여년간 경제성장과 산업의 발전을 목표로 추구하면서 정책으로 안전체계를 구축하지 못한 문화의 특수성이 있다고 보았다. 이 관점에서 현재 한국사회의 안전체계를 구성하는 주체들의 심리와 행동 특성을 분석하고, 이어서 안전 분야에서 심리학이 기여할 수 있는 영역과 연구 과제를 논의하였다. 먼저 총체안전체계의 관점에서 체계를 구성하는 단위로서 안전관리의 책임을 맡은 정부, 안전상품과 써비스를 생산하여 판매하는 기업, 안전상품과 써비스를 소비하면서 한편으로 공동체의 안전생활 환경에 영향을 미치는 시민들, 그리고 안전을 위한 시민운동 단체를 구별하고 이 네 주체들이 각각 어떤 특징들을 보이는지 살펴보았다. 이 분석을 토대로 한국사회에서 심리학이 안전체계를 구성하는 네 주체들의 안전심리와 행동을 연구하여 개선하는데 응용하는 방안을 모색하였다. 안전에 관한 심리학 연구의 영역들로는 인지심리가 토대가 되어서 인간-기계체계를 다루는 인간공학 연구와 아울러 안전심리와 행동에 관한 사회행동 연구가 기초가 된다고 보았다. 이 연구들을 기초로 여러 전공의 심리학자들이 협력하여 안전체계를 구성하는 정부, 기업, 시민, 시민단체 및 언론에 전문지식과 정보를 만들어서 제공하여야 한다. 그리고 실제로 안전분야에 따라서 각종 기관에서 대중의 태도변화에 활용할 수 있는 홍보 계획과 아울러 각 주체들의 행동변화 계획을 만들어야 할 필요성도 지적하였다. 이 논문의 후반부에서는 도로교통 안전 분야에서 필자가 한국 운전자의 음주운전 행동을 연구한 결과를 예로 들어서 한국사회의 안전체계에 관한 심리학 연구의 전망과 장래 연구의 과제를 논의하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.155-172
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• 2007

This study is a qualitative analysis aimed at facilitating a plan of social support for heavy debtors. for this purpose, the status of issues related to heavy debtors in Japan is considered, and more is revealed about the status of operation for non-profit organizations and groups of heavy debtor victims as counseling agencies for heavy debtors. In addition, through interviews conducted with the counselors of these organizations, a survey has been made on whether the credit counseling provides particular functions for and increases the satisfaction of debtors. The root of Japan's large number of heavy debtors lay in that country's excessive growth of consumer financing, the increase of its use, the structural problems on the lending system of consumer financing and legal insufficiency, to name of few fundamental problems. The interviews on debtor counseling in private organizations revealed that the debtors being counseled showed a great change, due primarily to group counseling and activities, in such aspects as psychological stability, learning and understanding about heavy debts and willingness to take action for solving their own problems. In addition, regarding the aspects of time and cost, specialty, mutual exchange of experienced persons, psychological care and educational functions, the importance of the debtor counseling group's role has been established. To improve the problems of heavy debtors in Korea, there is a need to promote the importance of debtor counseling increase the interest and support of the administration, create a sense of solidarity among related organizations and promote public education on consumer credit. The support of the consumer credit industry and the development of human resources are also badly needed.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.303-319
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• 2014

This study considers structural equation model and examines the-relationships between various model variables to identify the causal relationships of between the attention span temperament, affectionate rearing attitudes of mothers, and family support (individual external variables) to children's behavioral problems though self-reliance, psychological variable. According to the results, the attention span temperament had significant direct, indirect, and total effects on the externalization of behavioral problems, but affectionate rearing attitudes and family support had only significant indirect effects. Self-resilience had a significant direct effect. These results can be used as basic data to prevent behavioral problems of children and increase their self-resilience.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2002

Purpose of this study is to find the research direction to solve the housing problems for the elderly which based on approaches and issues in related studies. Research method was interpretative analysis of the articles issued from 1976 to 2002. Each approach (rationalistic approach, ecological approach, micro-sociological approach, typological approach, environment-psychological approach, welfare approach) produced helpful information and had relative merits. But the researchers must regard housing for the elderly as a social problem in macroscopic view to solve the housing problems for older people with welfare approach. As a result, to solve the housing problems with welfare approach for the elderly who live in their own place with community care, studies about lifetime home, care and repair, and management of housing for the elderly might be needed. And research about existing services, transfer system of services, financial problems, man power to manage the system might be needed to spread out the services to the middle class elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2020

As in western countries, divorce rates in South Korea have recently been rising, and family disruption has become one of serious social problems. Parents are able to express their opinions and wishes confidently, but the thoughts and wishes of children, especially infants and young children, tend to be ignored. Children can also experience several emotional and behavioral problems during the process of and after their parents' divorce. When South Korean family courts determine custody arrangements, they typically do not have a systematic strategy and process based on custody evaluation to help children and their parents overcome conflicts and build healthy parent-child relationships after divorce. Furthermore, under the current court system, it is difficult for mental health specialists and child psychiatrists to intervene in familial conflicts as mediators or therapists during the course of divorce proceedings. Acknowledging these limitations, the South Korean family court system implemented a formal program for custody evaluations by child psychiatrists and psychologists in 2017. However, they have faced challenges such as a shortage of experienced specialist and lack of a training system or instruments for evaluation. In this paper, the authors aim to share professional knowledge of and experiences with aspects of the custody evaluation process, such as indications, procedures, methods, psychological tests, resources, and final report writing, to better serve children and their parents undergoing a painful divorce process.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.592-602
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to provide understanding about the meaning of nasogastric tube feeding experiences by the cerebral stoke patients with dysphagia. Methods: Data were collected through a face to face interview from five cerebral stroke patients who had dysphagia along with a nasogastric tube insertion. The contents of the interviews were analyzed using the hermeneutics phenomenological method developed by van Manen. Results: The experience of having a nasogastric tube was not only limited to physical problems but also was linked to other psychological problems. Many patients reported that they tolerated the nasogastric tube in order to overcome the stroke along with the desire to eventually take food orally. The essential themes associated with the experience of nasogastric tube insertion were: "The loss of pleasure from food", "The loss of human relationship from surrounding table", "Cower and shrink from the different appearance to others" and "Acceptance for life in painful experiences". Conclusion: This study would highlights the importance of not only physical focused care but also psychological and social aspects. Therefore, nurses should consider all factors when providing nursing care to stroke patient with nasogastric tube feeding.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the caregiving difficulties that mothers of children with spina bifida experience from their own perspectives. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was designed. Data were collected from five mini-focus group interviews and four individual interviews using open-ended questions. Nineteen mothers of children with mild spina bifida participated in the study during 2014-2015. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify major difficulties perceived by the mothers. Results: Five domains were identified with 12 subdomains. "Daily routine continence management" describes difficulties arising in bladder and bowel management for the child with spina bifida. "Management of school life of child" deals with difficulties in relation to the school facilities, such as the toilets, as well as teachers and friends. "Relationship with family and neighbors" illustrates problems in relations with their spouse, normal children, relatives and neighbors. "Maintaining physical and psychological health" includes physical and psychological problems of the mothers. "Finance" describes economic burden that the mothers face in the management of child's illness. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide insight into the practical issues related to the management of chronic conditions of children with spina bifida from the mothers' perspectives.