• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.499-508
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of happiness between mothers of preschoolers (3-5yrs) and mothers of elementary school students (6-7yrs). The subjects of this study included 168 mothers of preschoolers and 170 mothers of elementary school students. They were randomly chosen. We measured and analyzed 338 mothers' happiness using Ryff's psychological well-being items. The results of this study reveal that although overall happiness level was similar, the two groups of mothers' happiness had statistically significant differences in 6 factors of mothers' happiness. Preschooler mothers had higher levels of happiness in autonomy and personal growth, while elementary school student mothers had higher levels of happiness in environment mastery, positive relationships, purpose of life, and self-acceptance. Also, the background of mothers, such as age, educational status, family income, and religion caused statistically significant differences in happiness level of both groups.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.295-304
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• 2021

The purpose of this study aimed to examine the effect of use of MSG, balanced eating habit, perceived life happiness on psychological satisfaction with food in elementary, middle, and high school parents. In addition, the mediation effect of reducing unbalanced eating habit on the relationship between psychological satisfaction with food and use of MSG. For this analysis, 800 samples were collected from parents in Seoul metropolitan area. Regression analysis and mediation analysis with boostrapping were conducted. The findings of this study were as follows: (1) Group using MSG is more satisfied with food-related life than group not using it. (2) Perceived life happiness and healthy eating habit were positively related to satisfaction with food-relate life. Lastly, (3) Reducing of unbalanced eating habit was a partial mediator of the relationship between use of MSG and satisfaction with food-related life. It suggests that there is an association between use of MSG and satisfaction with food-related life, the positive effects of which may be mediated by expectancy of reducing unbalanced diet.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.317-325
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is fusion-dimensional image of the body standing walking exercise female participants to convergence investigate the effects of psychological happiness In order to serve this purpose, questionnaires were used for females who participated into the walking program worked on by the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2014. A convenience sample was used for 150 subjects. Unanswered questions and questionnaires that did not meet normalcy were excluded, and 135 samples were extracted to use them for final analysis. Frequency analysis was performed for the collected data in order to examine demographical characteristics by using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 V program. In addition, multiple regression analysis was performed in order to resolve research issues. Cronbach' ${\alpha}$ verification and exploratory factor analysis were performed. The result of the aforementioned research and data analysis in this study is as follows: Perceived competence, looks, and health during the walking of female participants turned out to make static, positive effects on immersion and happiness, which were the lower-level factor of psychological happiness.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

The purpose of the study is to know that the medical skin care improves the quality of middle-aged women's life and happiness improves their confidence by analyzing the medical skin care visit intention, experience satisfaction, and happiness according to their beauty interest. This study analyzed 242 copies of the data through the SPSS v.22 Statistical Package Program. According to the analysis, middle-aged women's interest in beauty is important to experience satisfaction(F=201.821, p<.001). Experience satisfaction is statistically significant to happiness factors(F=384.625, p<.001). Based on this study, differentiated marketing that identifies the intention to visit is needed. Also, the higher the satisfaction of medical skin care experience, the more helpful it is to lead a positive life by improving their confidence.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the subjective happiness and satisfaction with life of children with type 1 diabetes and explore related factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used and the study was conducted with children at a diabetes camp. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire to explore positive and negative psychological factors. The questionnaire included Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Data from 15 children were used for data analysis. The correlational analysis results showed that subjective happiness was positively correlated satisfaction with life, social support, and self-efficacy, and was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Satisfaction with life was positively correlated social support, and was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Conclusion: Results indicate that the positive psychology factors were closely related with social support and self-efficacy and may alleviate perceived stress and depressive feelings. Therefore, researchers and clinicians should include positive psychological factors in their health management model for children with chronic illness.

• Survey Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-38
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• 2006

This study was conducted to develop a happiness index for Korean. 16 factors of happiness derived from both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis based on a nationwide sample of 1503 Korean adults were reclassified into 3 components of Alderfer's need theory. The LISREL was used to measure the weight of each happiness factor. The results showed that happiness index was functioned by a formula(Happiness=2.5*existence+2.5*relationship+5*growth). Applying this formula, the average happiness score for Korean was 57.71. It was also demonstrated that the degree of happiness differed according to individual's gender, region, and income. Men was happier than women, while there was no significant difference among ages. As far as the region concerned, those who live in Seoul and Daejeon were happier than the others. People who earn over 2,500,000 won per month were happier than the others in terms of economic status. Finally, the result of the discriminant function analysis revealed that individual or psychological growth factor was more important than existence and relationship factors. Based on these significant research findings, practical implications and future research directions were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.11-20
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the Korean and Chinese university students' materialism and clothing attitudes. Self-administered questionnaires developed by researcher were used and the research periods were from Feb. 20 to Mar. 19, 2003. 429 Korean and 405 Chinese students's data was used for analysis. Cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and discriminant analysis were done. Korean students pursuited happiness more than utility and accomplishment, but Chinese students pursuited accomplishment more than happiness and practicality. The students were divided into the happiness pursuit, the utility pursuit, and the accomplishment pursuit. The group size of the utility pursuit and the happiness pursuit among Korean students and the utility pursuit and the accomplishment pursuit among Chinese students were larger. Korean students preferred fashionability, psychological dependence, sexual attraction of clothing more, but Chinese preferred conformity more. Utility and accomplishment of materialism, and fashionability and conformity of clothing were strong variables which discriminated Korean students from Chinese students, and total discriminating power was 77.1%.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among parenting role sharing, parenting stress, happiness, and parenting behavior of mothers with 6-year-old children. Methods: This study used data from the seventh Panel Study of Korean Children, which began collecting longitudinal data on a sample of newborn households nationwide in 2008 and will continue yearly until 2027. The participants were 1,560 mothers of children aged 6 years. We conducted statistical analyses using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 36.8±3.7 years. The mothers' perceived parenting role sharing (r=.07, p=.007), parenting stress (r=-.54, p<.001), and happiness (r=.38, p<.001) were significantly correlated with warm parenting behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that parenting stress (β=-.47, p<.001), happiness (β=.15, p<.001), and parenting role sharing (β=.11, p<.001) were significant predictors for warm parenting behavior by mothers. Conclusion: It is essential to reduce mothers' stress and increase their positive emotions (happiness). Fathers should actively share parenting roles in raising children to enhance mothers' warm parenting behavior.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.228-236
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the mediating effect of happiness in the relationship between internet addiction, depression and suicidal ideation among adolescents from multicultural families. Methods: 1,065 adolescents from multicultural families who participated in the 16th (2020) Adolescent Health Behavior Survey were selected as the final subjects for the study, and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: There was a fully mediating effect of happiness in the relationship between internet addiction and suicidal ideation of the adolescents from multicultural families (F=6.65, p<.001). There was a partial mediating effect of happiness in the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation of the adolescents from multicultural families (F=10.01, p<.001). Conclusion: To mitigate the suicidal ideation of adolescents from multicultural families, it is necessary to develop and apply a positive psychological treatment program that enhances happiness for adolescents from multicultural families who are experiencing internet addiction and depression.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.131-148
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to find out influential variables related to Home Management Behavioral Pattern. This study focuses on the following aspects: 1) to find out which variables of family environmental variables(ie, home makers' age, level of education, duration of marriage, number of children, home makers' employment, socioeconomic status) of psychological variables(ie, family communication the marital happiness) have significant effect on home management behavioral patterns. 2) to find out which variables of family environmental variables have significant effects on family communication and the marital happiness. 3) to identify the relationship between home management behavioral patterns and psychological variables. 4) to find out variables which have independently significant effects on home management behavioral patterns.