• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2006

This study examines the psychological independence in the family system of unmarried women to see how well they become psychologically independent within the relationships with family. A total of 452 subjects of the study were sampled from 20 to 30 unmarried women living in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi-do. The results of the study are as follows: First, the scores of unmarried women's perception of family system were normal category. The scores of family system of unmarried women showed to be distributed to high scores among the overall ranges of scores which means they recognized their family system in general in a healthy way. Second, the level of the subjects' psychological independence from their fathers was shown to be higher than that from their mothers. The result means unmarried women were more dependent on their mothers than fathers. Third, the family system of unmarried women affected the level of psychological independence from their parents. The sub-factors of the family system significantly affected the level of psychological independence. Particularly, enmeshed and disengaged boundary and cooperative factors between spouses and generations affected the level of psychological independence. Fourth, the family system affected each sub-factor of psychological independence of unmarried women. Even though family system were different depending on each sub-factor of psychological independence, they affected the level of psychological independence.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.175-189
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• 2008

This study examined influences of mothers' attachment experience and separation-anxious psychological control and of adolescents' attachment on adolescents' psychological independence. Participants were 302 high school students (106 boys; 196 girls) and their mothers. Data were collected via questionnaires. Data analyses were by Pearson's correlation and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. Results showed that 1) Mothers' attachment experience with their mothers was positively related to girls' attachment to their mothers; mothers' separation-anxious psychological control was negatively related to adolescents' attachment. 2) Adolescents' attachment to their mothers predicted their emotional and functional psychological independence negatively. 3) Mothers' psychological control was negatively related to functional independence of boys but positively related to emotional independence of both boys and girls.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.575-588
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• 2008

The research is find out the importance of psychological separation of high school students and the effects of this separation from their parents on depression. The data were collected boys(108) and girls(120) second-grade high school students in Jeonbuk area and analyzed Independent-Samples T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation in use of SPSS WIN 11.5 program. The main results are as follows.: 1, Psychological separation from farther was that girls were higher in attitudinal independence than boys. Psychological separation from mother was that boys were higher in functional, emotional independence than girls. There was no significant differences in depression between boys and girls. 2. In the relation between psychological separation from father and depression, girls showed negative correlation attitude independence and both of boys and girls showed positive correlation in conflictual independence. In the relation between psychological separation from mother and depression, boys showed negative correlation in attitude independence and girls showed negative correlation in functional, attitudinal independence and both of boys and girls showed positive correlation in conflictual independence. 3. Psychological separation from father by the level of depression was related attitudinal, conflictual independence for girls and was related conflictual independence for boys. Psychological separation from mother by the level of depression was related functional, attitudinal, conflictual independence for girls and was related attitudinal, conflictual independence for boys. Finally, the more severe depression was related higher conflict independence from their parents.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of psychological independence(functional independence and emotional independence) and career decision-making self-efficacy(self-estimation, career goal, occupational-knowledge, and problem solving) on career maturity(preparation, objective, decisiveness, and certainty) among adolescents. The subjects were 447 students in the second grade of middle school and high school in D. The questionnaire consist of measures of psychological independence, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career maturity. The data were analysed with factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression by using the SPSS(SPSS/WIN 19.0) program. The major results were as follows. First, adolescents' the career maturity was significantly different depending on the socio-demographic variables. Second, it was shown that middle and high school students have a statically relation, in a relation among psychological independence, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career maturity. Third, it was found that psychological independence and career decision-making self-efficacy gave statistically meaningful influence on the career maturity of adolescents. This study is significant in that it suggests a plan for improving career maturity, and provides a basic material to improve one's active role in their parents. In addition, the results of this study can be used as a fundamental reference in career development programs and career-counseling centers at schools for enhancing adolescents' career development and success.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.291-305
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine how the career maturity of high school students was affected directly or indirectly by psychological separation from their mothers and through the mediation of self-concept. The subjects in this study were 496 juniors from regular high school in the city of Daegu, who included 243 boys and 253 girls. The measurements of this study were a career-maturity inventory, psychological separation inventory (PSI), and self-concept scale. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, career maturity had significantly positive correlation to conflictual independence from mothers for them. Second, as for the influence of psychological separation, and self-concept on career maturity, three variables, including competence self-concept, home self-concept, attitudinal independence from mothers, classroom self-concept, had significantly explanation of career maturity. Third, as a result of making a path analysis of the impact of psychological separation from mothers on career maturity through the medium of self-concept, conflictual independence gave a direct impact only, and its indirect effect was insignificant. The attitudinal independence showed both direct and indirect influences, for mothers had a significantly indirect impact only.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.430-444
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• 2019

지금까지 대학생을 대상으로 기업가정신이 창업의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 선행연구는 다수 확인되고 있으나 심리적 독립의 중요성에 주목한 연구는 많지 않다. 본 논문은 전문대학생들의 심리적 독립과 창업의도 간의 관련성과 기업가정신의 중요성을 실증분석을 통해 살펴본 연구이다. 이를 위해 서울 및 수도권 전문대에 재학중인 학생 240여명을 대상으로 2018년 6월 설문조사를 실시하였다. 회수된 설문지 220부 가운데 결측치가 있거나 불성실한 응답지 6부를 제외하고 총 214부를 최종 분석대상으로 선정하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 심리적 독립은 기업가정신에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있으나 창업의도에는 직접적으로 영향을 미치지 못하고 있음이 확인되었다. 둘째, 기업가정신은 창업의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있음이 확인되었다. 셋째, 기업가정신이 심리적 독립과 창업의도 간의 관계에서 완전매개역할을 하고 있음이 확인되었다. 넷째, 남학생은 여학생보다 기업가정신이 높을수록 창업의도가 강해지고 있음이 확인되었다. 그러나 심리적독립과 기업가정신, 심리적 독립과 창업의도 간의 관계에서는 성별차이가 없었다. 본 논문은 기존의 연구와 달리 부모의 창업경험 및 학력 등의 영향이 거의 없이 높은 심리적 독립 중 높은 자신신뢰 등 적극적 창업동기를 가진 대학생들의 기업가정신이 높을 뿐만 아니라, 심리적 독립이 직접적으로 창업의도에 영향을 주지는 않지만 기업가정신을 매개로 잠재적 창업능력과 의지를 발현할 수 있는 체계적인 창업교육 커리큘럼을 만들어서 창업의도의 선행요소들 개발하는 것이 중요하다는 점을 확인해 주고 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2021

Nowadays, with the constant enhancement in the health of the economy, the average income and living standard have accordingly increased, making the need for financial independence a favorable choice. This research aims to identify the factors affecting the financial independence of young people. The authors implement quantitative analysis, with a set of primary data collected from a survey of 2664 Vietnamese people aged from 18 to 28. The research results demonstrate the considerable impact of monetary, psychological, group-related, and family-related factors on the financial independence of young people. The results of the sample analysis provide adequate evidence to reject the correlative relationship between family and group factors and the financial independence of young people. In addition, there are 3 factors, including demographic factors, monetary factors, and psychological factors, all have varying degrees and directions of influence on young people's financial independence. Most of the mentioned variables reflect a positive effect on financial independence. The only exception is the education variable, illustrated by its negative standardized beta value. A significant difference in financial independence between genders also is reported, suggesting that males seem to have a higher level of financial independence than females.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.657-667
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 지체장애인의 생활체육 참여도가 자립생활도 및 사회적 체형불안에 미치는 영향관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 2015년도 B시, K도, U시에 생활체육대회 참가자와 생활체육에 참여하고 있는 지체장애인 311명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 자료처리는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 타당도 분석, 단순회귀분석을 사용하였다. 이상과 같은 연구방법 및 자료분석의 결과를 통해 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지체장애인의 생활체육 참여도가 자립생활도 하위변인인 사회적 자립, 심리적 자립, 신체적 자립, 전체적인 자립생활도에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 지체장애인의 생활체육 참여도가 사회적 체형불안에 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 지체장애인의 자립생활도 하위변인인 신체적 자립, 전체적인 자립생활도가 사회적 체형불안에 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 반면에 사회적 자립, 심리적 자립은 사회적 체형불안에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2655-2663
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 한국 대학생의 심리적 독립, 우울 및 우울 대응행동에 대해 파악하고, 심리적 독립과 우울 간의 관계를 파악하는 것이다. 본 연구는 충청도 소재의 4개교의 대학생 131명을 대상으로, 구조화된 설문지를 이용한 자가보고식 설문조사로 시행되었다. 연구결과, 대상자의 우울 수준은 우울하지 않음 54.2%, 경증 우울 22.9%, 중증 우울 16.8%, 심한 우울 6.1%로 나타났으며, 우울 대응행동은 인지활동지향행동 30.76%, 혼자하는 행동 28.32%, 대물지향행동 25.50%, 대인관계지향행동 15.06% 순으로 나타났다. 우울 수준에 따라 아버지의 심리적 독립은 기능적, 정서적, 갈등적 독립에 있어 유의한 차이를 나타내었고, 어머니의 심리적 독립은 우울 수준에 따라 갈등적 독립만 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 아버지로부터의 심리적 독립은 기능적, 태도적, 정서적, 갈등적 독립의 모든 영역에서 우울과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 어머니로부터의 심리적 독립은 갈등적 독립만 우울과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 대학생의 심리적 건강향상을 위한 간호중재는 아버지로부터의 심리적 독립 수준을 강화하고 어머니와의 갈등적 독립을 해결하기 위한 전략이 포함되어야 할 것이며, 보다 바람직한 우울 대응행동을 할 수 있도록, 사회적, 정서적 지지가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to seek for a performance level of functional independence of the long term care elderly people. This study questionnaires 160 elders with 80 in a large city and 80 in small－to－medium sized city in order to find out the functional independence of elderly people. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Functional independence level following health factor; The comparison of degrees of functional independence level between two groups showed significant difference in sanitation, drinking and smoking, eating habit, chronic disease, physical activities, and regular physical examination(P<.05). But the comparison between two groups was not showed significant difference in present treatment, regular exercise. 2. Functional independence level following Psychological factor; The comparison of degrees of functional independence level between two groups showed significant difference in health evaluation(P<.05). But the comparison between two groups was not showed significant difference in quality of life. In conclusion it is needed that stable housing, much physical activities, and diversified family members should be realized and stable livelihood security recipients to maintain and improve health of the aged and to be socially satisfied.