• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2021

Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc is widely distributed in East Asia (Korea, Japan, and China), and its fruit is often used as a medication and food material. However, because most previous studies have only investigated the state of Prunus mume fruit extract, studies on the various ways of processing this extract are still needed to increase its utilization. In this study, we evaluated the physicochemical properties and physiological activities of spray-dried Prunus mume vinegar powder (SPP). The sugar content, pH, total acidity, and moisture content of the SPP were 8.90 °Brix, 3.19, 1.05%, and 3.07%, respectively. The SPP exhibited significantly high antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity (65.55%), reducing power (1.48), and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (48.07%). In addition, the SPP remarkably decreased the cell viability of human breast MDA-MB-231 and human skin cancer SK-MEL-28 in a dose-dependent manner. The morphological results of the treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with SPP were distorted, shrunken cell masses. Furthermore, apoptotic bodies and nuclear condensation formed in the SPP-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the SPP were 59.58 ㎍/g (gallic acid equivalent) and 57.56 ㎍/g (quercetin equivalent). The results of this study indicate that SPP, which has antioxidant activity and anticancer effects, can be useful in the development of natural medicines and functional food ingredients.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.481-496
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• 2022

In order to establish an effective pest control strategy, we investigated the occurrence of lepidopteran insects in the major trees growing in urban forests from 2019 to 2021. In total, we recorded 76 species of 14 families in Prunus spp., 40 species of eight families in Acer spp., 43 species of 10 families in Zelkova serrata, 28 species of seven families in Rhododendron spp., and 10 species of four families in Hibiscus syriacus. Among these, Hyphantria cunea and Lymantria dispar were recorded from all five tree taxa monitored. The most frequently occurring species in the different tree groups were as follows: H. cunea and Phalera flavescens in Prunus yedoensis, Epinotia ulmicola in Z. serrata, and Rehimena surusalis in H. syriacus. H. cunea also occurred in Rhododendron spp. and Acer spp., although the numbers were lower than those recorded in Prunus spp. and Z. serrata. Our results highlight the importance of focusing on the frequency of occurrence of lepidopteran insects in Prunus spp. and Z. serrata, whereas the presence of these insects in both Acer spp. and Rhododendron spp. Appears to be less problematic. From the perspective of reducing the risks to human health, our findings indicate that the application of pheromones for monitoring lepidopteran species and the use of mating disruptors would be desirable approaches that would contribute to minimizing the spraying of pesticides in urban forests.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.700-705
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• 2012

$Prunus$ $mume$ was steamed for easier removal of the pulp. The steamed fruit pulp was vacuum dried and powdered. The steamed $Prunus$ $mume$ powder (SPP) was passed through a 250 ${\mu}m$ sieve, fluidized in a fluid-bed granulator, and then granulated by top-spraying with water (SPPGW) or the extract obtained from steam (SPPGE). Then the physicochemical and sensory properties of SPP, SPPGW, and SPPGE were evaluated. The flowability of powder (angle of repose $^{\circ}$) of SPP, SPPGW and SPPGE was $23.59^{\circ}$, $11.07^{\circ}$, and $13.94^{\circ}$, respectively. The water dispersibility of SPP, SPPGW, and SPPGE was 18.69, 10.04 and 6.00 sec, respectively. Also, the overall acceptance of SPP, SPPGW and SPPGE was 3.00, 3.44 and 6.56, respectively. In conclusion, SPPGE can be used as granular steamed whole fruit pulp with good powder flowability and dispersibility, and therefore consumer acceptance.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.64-66
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• 1983

HPLC is a useful method for identifying amygdalin which has been the subject of considering controversy for cancer remedy. The resolution of amygalin was satisfactory and the separation of amygdalin was accomplished using carbohydrate analysis column, mobile phase of acetonitrile: $H_2O$ (90:10), and UV detector. Quantitative analysis showed that amygdalin contents of Prunus tomentosa, P. serrulata, and P. ishidoyana (Amygdalaceae) were 2.18, 2.41, and 2.26%, respectively. It was suggested that the seed of Prunus species was worth useful resource of amygdalin.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-262
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• 2016

Woodcraft activity is inseparable with our ordinary life and its relevant research should be consistently maintained because it has significant educational value to blossoming students. These days, which interest in woodcraft is rapidly expanding from early childhood to old age, this study was done to provide images to those who work in this field or who have interest. Out of the 43 jewelry and gift boxes used in this study, species of white which has low proportion of packing materials consists of species of Fir (Abies spp), Birch (Betula spp) and Amercia basswood (Tilia americana Linnaeus) and the higher proportion species of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), Bayor (Pteorospermum diversifolium Bl), Snakewood (Piratinera guianensis aubl.) and Bintangor (Calophhyllum spp.) were used in valuable products. It was showed that out of 56 works selected from '400 Wood Boxes', the species of Walnut (Juglans regia), Cherry (Prunus serotina), Wenge (Milletia laurentii De. wild), Ebony (Diospyros spp.), Ash (Fraxinus spp.) and Cocobolo (Dallbergia cultrata Grah.) were frequently used.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.5 s.112
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• pp.57-68
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• 2005

This study surveyed planting areas along streets in Gangwon-do to find out how to improve the planting and use of street trees and herbaceous plants. There were 301,491 trees of 41 species on the streets of Gangwon-do in 2004. The predominant species of street trees were Ginkgo biloba ($40\%$), Prunus spp. (Prunus yedoensis and Prunus sargentii) ($25\%$), Platanus occidentalis ($5\%$), followed by Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Zelkova serrata, Prunus armeniaca var. ansu, Acer palmatum, and Pinus thunbergii. Eighty-four herbaceous plant species were found in the Youngseo district (the southern area of Gangwon-do); the ratio of native species to exotic was 51:33. The predominant species were Cosmos bipinnatus, Petunia hybrida, Tagetes spp., Aster koraiensis, and Fagopyrum esculentum. Eighty-nine herbaceous plant species were found in the Youngdong district (the eastern area of Gangwon-do); the ratio of native species to exotic was 55:33. The predominant herbaceous plants were Aster koraiensis, Tagetes spp., Petunia hybrida, Rudbeckia bicolor, Cosmos bipinnatus, Salvia splendens, Brassica oleraceae var. acephala, Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala, Coreopsis drummondii, Viola tricolor, and Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus. Appropriate pruning adds to the aesthetic value of trees and prolongs their useful life; it also maintains good health and thereby reduces the need to control insects and diseases. Street trees had not been properly pruned due to the presence of power lines and a shortage of pruning information. The pruning was controlled by Korea Electric Power Company, which has no pruning information. Pruning must be maintained by a professional landscape company in order to maintain good shape, such as that which is done for bonsai. In order to improve the planting, use and maintenance of landscape plants in Gangwon-do, the following recommendations are made: street tree species should be diversified, suitable street trees should be selected for each space, native species should generally be used, trees should be appropriately pruned and properly fertilized, pests and diseases should be controlled, plantings should be done in multiple layers, spatial arrangements should be improved, larger trees should be planted, and drainage and underground electric wires should be considered when planting.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.3
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

Totally 588 specimens, which were excavated from well sites(I or II site) of near the new Kyungju National Museum building, were identified 32 species. Diospyros spp. and Fraxinus spp. were the most common and occupied 14.8%(I-site) or 20.9%(II-site), 14.1%(I-site) or 12.8%(II-site) of the total specimen number respectively. And then other common species were follows ; Pinus densiflora, Quercus spp., Castanea crenata, Prunus spp., Pourthiaea spp.. Because the I-site were adjacent to the II-site, the 13 out of 25(I-site) or 20(II-site) identified species were common. Most of identified species had fruits, beautiful crowns and good qualities of lumber.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.41-55
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• 2011

This study was carried out to survey and analyze the transition of landscape plants on an apartment complexes in the 1990's and 2000's. The results are summarized as follows; The ratio of landscape area was increased from 30.0% to 34.7%. The number of trees per 100 square meter decreased from 22.5 to 15.7. The number of shrub per 10 square meter increased from 19.3 to 38.7. Species of Evergreen tree were increased 21 to 39. The species that a lot of use continuously were Pinus densiflora, Pinus strobus and Taxus cuspidata. The species that increase use were Abies holophylla and Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Pinus parviflora, Juniperus chinensis, Pinus koraiensis and Thuja orientalis. The species that do not use were Cedrus deodara. Species of deciduous tree were increased 42 to 68. The species that a lot of use continuously were Zelkova serrata, Acer palmatum, Diospyros kaki, Prunus armeniaca and Prunus yedoensis. The species that increase use were Lagerstroemia indica, Chionanthus retusa, Cornus officinalis, Styrax japonica, Sorbus alnifolia, Prunus mume, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Acer triflorum, Prunus sargentii, Chaenomeles sinensis and Cornus kousa. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Acer buergerianum, Sophora japonica, Malus spp., Ginkgo biloba, Zizyphus jujuba var. inermis, Platanus orientalis and Albizzia julibrissin. The species that do not use were Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer saccharinum, Ailanthus altissima and Paulownia coreana. Species of shrub were incresed 39 to 65. The species that a lot of use continuously were Buxus koreana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii for. albiflorum, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Syringa dilatata and Euonymus japonica. The species that increase use were Rhododendron indicum, Ilex serrata, Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora, Taxus cuspidata var. nana, Kerria japonica, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, Euonymus alatus, Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila, Nandina domestica, Cornus alba, Hydrangea serrata for. acuminata, Prunus tomentosa, Deutzia parviflora and Pyracantha angustifolia. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Hibiscus syriacus, Rosa multiflora var. platyphylla, Chaenomeles lagenaria and Rosa spp. The species that do not use were Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii, Jasminum nudiflorum and Sasa borealis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 2018

The fungus, Podosphaera pannosa, was identified in 1991 as the cause of powdery mildew symptoms on peach (Prunus persica var. persica) fruit from Korea based on the morphological characteristics of the conidial state. Recently, however, in Serbia and France, the cause of 'rusty spot' found on peach fruit was identified as P. leucotricha, and the cause of 'powdery mildew' on nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) fruit was identified as P. pannosa. To confirm the identity of the Korean pathogen, we collected four samples of powdery mildew from Korean peach fruit: three with the 'powdery mildew' symptom and one with the 'rusty spot' symptom. Morphological examination of the four samples confirmed P. pannosa as the pathogen. Internal transcribed spacer sequences of rDNA were analyzed for molecular characterization. A phylogenetic tree showed that the Korean isolates were clustered into a clade containing P. pannosa from Rosa species, with high sequence similarities of more than 99%. Thus, we showed that the powdery mildew and rusty spot symptoms on peach fruits from Korea are associated with P. pannosa.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2000

24 wooden objects excavated from Daho-ri were identified into 8 categories such as Quercus spp. (37.7%), Castanea crenata (8.3%), Prunus (8.3%), Ilex (4.1%), Alnus spp. (25%), Prunus spp. (4.1%), Zelkova serrata (4.1%) and Fraxinuse (8.3%). Physical properties of the above high water content, high contraction rate and significant density reduction. As for degradation pattern, observation with polarizing microscope showed significant decrease of double reflection phenomenon in most of the excavated objects excluding vessel compared to other kinds of objects, and observation with SEM showed remarkable degradation of organization structure including the 2nd cell wall of wood. Reagent can be easily penetrated and diffused into the objects with high degradation rate, so it's beneficial to treat them with polymers such as PEG#4000(MW:3,350), but in order to prevent contraction and change in shape, high concentration of Reagent is required in treatment to hold wood organization structure.