• 약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2000

To examine influence of artificial digestive juice on the antitumor activity of Ganoderma lucidum-A(GL-A), protein-bound polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum, we compared the digested protein-bound polysaccharide with undigested one both on immunopotentiating activity and influence of digestive juices. Protein-bound polysaccharide GL-B was obtained by digesting the antitumor component GL-A with artificial digestive Juices in vitro. When GL-A was administered orally to sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing ICR mice, the life prolonging effect was exhibited in a dose dependent manner Not only GL-A but GL-B increased the production of colony forming unit (CFU) to 10- and 8-fold of that of the control, respectively. Both of the protein-bound polysaccharides also showed the secretion of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cell lines to 3.5-and 3.7-fold of that of the control, respectively: GL-A activated components of the alternative complement pathway, whereas GL-B did not. In humoral immunity GL-A increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase in differentiated B cells to 3 times and GL-B to 4 times of that of the control. These results showed that the artificial digestive juices had no influence on the antitumor activity of the protein-bound polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum and that its immunomodulating activity retained after treatment with artificial digestive juice. And this provides a basis of the protein-bound polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum as an peroral anticancer drug.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.503-508
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• 1997

L. edodes의 배양액 및 균사체로부터 항암작용이 있는 단백 다당류의 추출 및 정제방법에 관한 실험을 실시하였다. 단백다당류 추출에서 비이온성 계명 활성제인 2% Triton X-100 용액으로 추출할 경우 상온에서 추출하여도 통상의 10$0^{\circ}C$ 열수 추출을 통해 얻을 수 있는 것보다 수율이 높았다. 그러나 계명활성제 용액에 4N NaCl을 첨가하여 추출하면 ethanol 침전과정에서 단백다당류의 침전물을 얻을 수 없었다. 열수 추출에 있어서 추출 온도는 10$0^{\circ}C$가 효과적이고 추출 시간은 4시간 정도면 충분하였다. 열수 추출 결과 ethanol 침전 및 동결건조를 통하여 얻어진 조단백 다당류의 정제 실험에서는 alumina를 충전제로 하는 gel filtration보다 sephadex에 의한 gel filtration 또는 DEAE-cellulose, DEAE-sephadex를 이용한 ion exchange chromatography가 보다 효과적이다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.423-428
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• 1996

Optimum conditions for hydrolysis were investigated to enhance water-solubilities of protein-bound polysaccharides in the basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum by treating chymotrypsin. We also attempted with Ganoderma lucidum residue remaining after extracting hot water-soluble compoents in Ganoderma lucidum. After hydrolyzing under optimum conditions (20 ppm chymotrypsin, 2% Gampderma lucidum or 6% Ganoderma lucidum residue, at pH 10 and at $ 40^{\circ}C$), the amounts of total protein and carbohydrate of hydrolysate were measured. Michaelis constant, $K_{m}$, and maximum rate, $V_{max}$, calculated by Lineweaver-Buck plot for the hydrolysis of Ganoderma lucidum were 1.73% and 0.073%/min respectively and those for hydrolysis of Ganoderma lucidum residue were 2.40% and 0.033%/min respectively. The amount of polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (100 g) treated with chymotrypsin was only 3.07 g, but significantly increased amount (14.34 g) of polysaccharides was isolated from Ganoderma lucidum residue (100 g) treated with chymotrypsin. The protein-bound polysaccharide was isolated from the non-hydrolyzed and hydrolyzed sample and molecular weights of the polysaccharide were measured by Sepharose CL-48 gel filtration.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.528-534
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• 1995

This investigation was aimed at the study of the antidiabetic activity and effect on hepatic glutathione metabolism of polysaccharide from Trichosanthes kirilowii in hyperglycemic rats with aboxan (175 mg/Kg, i.p.). As the results, the polysaccharide inhibited the increase of blood glucose, triglyceride level and lactate dehydrogenase activity, but cholesterol not changed. And it increased protein bound-SH, nonprotein bound-SH, glutathione level and inhibited the decrease of glutathione S-transferase.

• 약학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.490-498
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• 1993

To find antitumor components in the hot water extract from the basidiocarps of Hypsizigus mamomus. protein-bound polysaccharides were purified and fractionated by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography and Sepharose CL-4B gel filtration chromatography. When a dose of 20 mg/kg/day was injected intraperitoneally into ICR mice. fraction IV of the component showed the highest inhibition ratio of 73.8% against the count of hemolytic plaque forming cells in mice to 3.2 times. when IV was about 30 KD and the fraction was composed of 76.1% polysaccharide and 4.9% protein. The hexosamine was detected in all the fractions, showing that the polysaccharide and protein moieties were bound each other.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.155-163
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• 1982

보다 항암력이 강하고 독성이 적은 항암물질을 얻기 위해, 경기도 수원에서 채집한 애기졸각버섯 Laccaria laccate의 자실체 및 배양균사체로 부터 다당체를 분리하여 그 화학적 조성 및 sarcoma 180에 대한 항암효과를 검토하였다. 이 물질의 구성 성분은 다당류와 단백질이었으며 다당류는 한 종류의 미확인 물질을 포함한 7종의 단당으로 구성되어 있고 단백질은 14종의 아미노산으로 구성되어 있었다. 마우스에 sarcoma 180을 이식한 후 자실체의 단백질-다당류를 1일 20mg과 50mg/kg씩을 각각 투여했을 때 75%와 65%의 높은 저지율을 나타내었으며, 배양균사체에서 추출한 단백질-다당체는 1일 20mg/kg씩 투여시 58%의 항암효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.35-37
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• 1983

To investigate antitumor components in Korean higher fungi, the carpophores of Pholiota squarrosa belonging to the family Strophariaceae were collected and extracted with hot water. A protein-bound polysaccharide fraction was obtained by adding ethanol to the extract and by dialyzing through Visking tube. The fraction was examined for antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 implanted in mice. It showed an inhibition ratio of 78.7% at the dose of 20mg/kg/day. The tumor in two of the ten mice was completely regressed. The chemical analysis of the antitumor fraction by Anthrone and Lowry-Folin methods showed that it consisted of 42% polysaccharide and 55% protein. The enzyme fraction of the carpophores showed no proteolytic activity on casein.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.600-604
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• 2007

In this study, we first prepared 3 kinds of powders with different molecular masses from the crude protein-bound polysaccharide extract of Agraricus blazei Murill through ultrafiltration, followed by spray-drying. Then, the antitumor activities of the powders were analyzed. Size exclusion chromatography coupled with a multi-angle laser-light-scattering system showed the 3 powders had the following molecular ranges: below 10 kDa (SD-1), 10 to 150 kDa (SD-2), and above 150 kDa (SD-3), representing peak molecular weights of $8.26{\times}10^3,\;9.65{\times}10^4$, and $5.94{\times}10^6\;g/mol$, respectively. All the powders stimulated macrophage RAW264.7 cells to produce nitric oxide, of which SD-2 and SD-3 were superior to the crude extract powder (CP-SD), while SD-1 showed the lowest activity. Similar results were found for their cytotoxicities against human cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, and AGS), where the highest activity was obtained with the SD-2 treatment for 72 hr at $1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$. The MCF-7 cell line was less sensitive to the powders than the other cells. From this research we found that ultrafiltration, in combination with spray-drying, is applicable for preparing protein-bound polysaccharide powders with higher antitumor activities.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권2호통권149호
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• pp.152-156
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• 2007

Protein-bound polysaccharide is derived from Acanthopananx senticosus by the cold water extraction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of PS against weight loss and hematological change as a indication of toxicity produced by the treatment of cisplatin. PS protected the weight loss caused by cisplatin (6 mg/kg) and significantly recovered hematological change. Treatment of PS showed the recovery on the weight loss and hematological change as indicators of toxicity of cisplatin treatment. By increasing lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, PS may be highly effective in protecting against cisplatin-induced toxicity. The results suggest PS might have a role in reducing toxicity or permitting larger dose of cisplatin to be given.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2002

In the course of searching immunomodulators from natural sources, the protein-bound polysaccharide, CM-Ala, has been isolated from the water extract of Chelidonium majus L. (Papaveraceae). The immunostimulatory characteristics have been investigated in several experiments such as generation of activated killer (AK) cells, proliferation of splenocytes, activation of macrophages and granulocyte macrophage-colony forming cell (GM-CFC) assay. Of the fractions obtained using Sephacryl S200 column chromatography, CM-Ala was the most effective fraction that augmented the cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells from 0.88% to 34.18% by culturing with splenocytes for 5 days. CM-Ala also enhanced nitric oxide production by two fold in peritoneal macrophages and exhibited antitumor activity. It showed mitogenic activity on both spleen cells and bone marrow cells. CM-Ala induced proliferation of splenocytes by 84 fold and increased GM-CFC numbers by 1.48 fold over than the non-treated. On the contrary, CM-Ala had cytotoxic activity to a diverse group of tumor cells. From the above results, we proposed that CM-Ala has a possibility of an effective antitumor immunostimulator.