• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.367-372
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• 2012

In nuclear plants, UVR (under voltage relay, 27r) of 1E bus, which protected and supplied power to essential loads, to safety trip of reactor and supplied to starting signal of EDG (emergency diesel generators) automatically. therefore UVR tolerances setting and calculation method has been important to nuclear facility. If calculation and tolerances values differ or ignore, may induced power loss and economical loss by protective failure. This paper show results for calculation methods, and whether dependant or independent methods for factors. included whether PT (potential transformer/voltage transformer) tolerance or not adapted, and based on UVR setting method within a difference minimum and maximum of rated voltage to safety operation in nuclear plants.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.15-23
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• 2012

Indirect Test Method is often used instead of direct test method in test method for extinguishing performance of $CO_2$ extinguishing facility because of high cost, environment problems and difficulties of procedure. But in the danger facilities for a unit of nation, such as a petrochemical plant, a nuclear power plant, or etc. is better to verify the performance of the extinguishment through direct discharge test. In $CO_2$ extinguishing system for total flooding system installed in dangerous facilities in Korea, each protected area in surface fire and deep-seated fire had selected and verified of extinguishing performance of $CO_2$ extinguishing facilities. To get recognized as extinguishing performance, discharged $CO_2$ concentration to protected area should be equivalence with design concentration standards (NFSC and NFPA). The Design Concentration means that $CO_2$ extinguishing agent is considerate of concentration for percentage of allowance (20 %) from extinguishing concentration which available to control of flame. As test result, surface fire and deep seated fire in protected area is obtained $CO_2$ design concentration and maintained design concentration more than 20 minutes as deep-seated fire. Through this study, we introduced direct discharging test method and decision method. And furthermore, especially in the dangerous facilities as a unit of Nation, we suggested necessity about reliability of extinguishing facilities to use direct test method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2002

King Oyster(Pleurotus eryngii) is one of the most promising mushrooms produced on the domestic farms. The quality as well as quantity of King oyster is sensitively affected by micro climate factors such as temperature, relative humidity, $CO_2$ concentration, and light intensity. To safely produce high-quality King oysters year round, it is required that the environmental factors be carefully controlled by well designed structures equipped with various facilities and control systems. In this study, we are focusing on carrying out growing experiment to find out reasonable range of each environmental factor together with economic and safe structures influencing on the optimal productivity of king oyster mushroom. The optimal productivity will be evaluated by considering the quality and quantity of mushroom production, energy requirements, facility construction and management cost, etc.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

Agriculture, rural landscapes are accompanied by a variety of environmental issues. Therefore, it is necessary to study on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Horticulture complex is low groundwater recharge function, it can be evaluated as a facility that biodiversity is impaired. The ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes were obtained 19 kinds of functions. Experts survey Groundwater recharge function (4.13) teeth chapter higher, Water storage (4.05), Amphibian & Reptile habitat (3.96), Aquatic insect habitat (3.92), Flood control (3.87), Water purification (3.86), Avian habitat (3.76 ), Creating landscape (3.74), Vegetation diversity (3.71), Experience, Education (3.69), Biological control (3.48), Fishery habitat (3.42), Climate regulation (3.30), Mammal habitat (3.30), Air quality regulation (3.25 ), Mainenance of genetic diversity (3.25), were analyzed in order Rest area (3.14). Improving capabilities in the Detention Pond, Wetland, Green space, Corridor, Non-Chemical, Program development, Green spaces, Rainwater storage facilities, Water cycle system, Surface water storage facilities, Infiltration trench, Water purification facilities, Permeable pavement. Environmentally friendly, and to contribute to sustainable agricultural development through ecological planning.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.254-261
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• 2011

Industrial/Technological Cultural Properties are closely related to contemporary life, and have played the dominant role as a bridge between the traditional architectural buildings and contemporary architectural buildings, reflecting the overall economical, social and cultural portraits of that time. Nowadays, due to various sprawling developments and new development-oriented urban policies, only a select few Industrial/Technological Cultural Properties are being protected, the rest facing with demolition and damages. In order to better cope with such situation, Korea has officially introduced the Registered Cultural Properties System since 2001, and began acknowledging the historical values of industrial buildings as modem cultural properties. Under this circumstances, purpose of this study is to analyze main project plans of each facility in Abanoned Nordstern Mine Gelsenkirchen in the state of Nordhein-Westfalen, that have been preserved and recycled as office spaces. and to bring out the main features of the plans, so that they can be utilized to find suggestions for Industrial /Technological Cultural Properties Revitalization.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2011

Cultural properties should be protected more than other facility because of its symbolization of a nation's historic and conservative value. So proper and effective actions for the management of our legacies is necessary. On this study, we'll research cases of cultural properties fires and manage to show the safety system of legacy and analyze problems of the system so that we can result in improvements for the safety of our treasures. This study is not to include almost all kind of cultural assets but only confined in a category of wooden materials, so there's limit of this study. And we should consider fires of tangible cultural properties, souvenirs and folk materials later period.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.89-95
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• 2023

The underground utility tunnel is an urban infrastructure that accommodates and manages important facilities such as water and sewage, electricity, and communication in the city, and is a national facility that needs to be protected from disasters such as fire, earthquake, and flooding. In establishing a disaster safety life cycle management system such as prediction, prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery, a disaster safety management platform for underground utility tunnel is being developed by utilizing digital twin technology in which advanced ICT technology and data are converged. In this paper, the maturity model for the disaster safety digital twin was reviewed, and the datasets necessary for implementing the digital twin at each stage were defined.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.541-552
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• 2017

All excavated "buried cultural properties" are supervised by the Cultural Heritage Administration that decides whether to conserve them or not, depending on the necessity for conservation. Currently, there is no legal regulation concerning the administration of relics (including artifacts) and remains (including archaeological sites) that are relocated and restored based on such conservation decisions. Thus, administration of these cultural properties is inadequate. Under these circumstances, this paper recommends the current state of conservation and conservation methods for buried cultural properties excavated at Chungcheongnam-do thus far. Conservation of buried cultural properties excavated at Chungcheongnam-do primarily employ the "relocating and restoration" method; 23 relics and 46 remains employed relocation after dismantling and soil layer transcription method. Moreover, 27 remains were relocated after dismantling and 14 remains employed the transcription method. In terms of area, Buyeo-gun and Gongju-si had 12 relics accounting for about 50%, while according to the period, Baekjae period had 16 relics, accounting for about 70%. In terms of conservation facility, open-air facility had 33 relics, accounting for about 72%. Results of investigating the state of relics' management indicated that public institutions like a museum with a recognizable management system had their own work force and consequently ensured excellent conservation, whereas if there were no apparent responsible bodies, remains were subjected to considerable damage due to mismanagement. Therefore, this problem can be resolved by identifying a recognizable management body as well as ensuring periodical management and supervision. The excavated buried cultural properties are utilized not only for academic purposes, but also for PR or as exhibition material. Hence, this study confirms that meticulous management of buried cultural properties is currently required.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1992

This study was attemped to provide some fundamental data for the safety structural design of biological production facility. Wind speed and snow depth according to recurrence intervals for design load estimation were calculated by frequency analysis using the weather data of 60 stations in Korea. The following results were obtained : 1. Type-I extremal distribution was selected for the probability density function of yearly maximum wind speed and snow depth and result of Chi-square goodness of fit showed highly significance at most regions. 2. Design frequency factors for given number of samples and recurrence intervals were calculated, and also design wind speed and snow depth as shown in Table 5-Table 6 and Fig.3-Fig.4 were derived. 3. About 46.4% of the winds having maximum wind speed at every station was analyzed to be same direction, and the consideration of this fact may improve the structural safety. 4. Considering wind speed and snow depth, protected cultivation is very difficult in Ullungdo and the Youngdong districts, and strong structural design is needed in the Chungnam and Junbuk west seaside against snow depth and the west-south seaside against wind speed in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.91-115
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• 1996

In the recent years, protected horticultural facilities have been modernized and glasshouses are also propagating in Korea, even most vegetables production are conducted in the traditional plastic houses covered with, for example, PVC film for just temperature keeping. It would limit the productivity and competitivity of the vegetable production industry without automatization and high quality year round production. A plant factory, aimed to produce vegetables in the limited areas, was initiated in Christensen farm, Denmark in 1957, and widely propagated in some developed countries. As it has the automatized system which enables to keep optimized environment conditions, it will be the best facility for high quality products as well as year round planned production. However, we have not even started the plant factory production. Since the plant factory is requiring lots of resources, besides plant cultivation technologies, such as environment control, automatic engineering and robotics, our approach to the development of plant factories should be minded on Practical Plant Factories considering our current farming practices and least capital needs rather than blindly employing the advanced technologies from developed countries. Thus, Korean plant factory development can be initiated with year round leaf vegetables production in NFT or DFT cultivation system instead of the moval bed system, in which aerial environment factors such as light, temperature, humidity and CO$_2$ concentration and root environment ones such as solution concentration, temperature, pH and water soluble oxygen shall be automatically controlled. And the seeding, seedling and transplanting operations shall be accomplished in the house entrance, and the harvesting and grading opreations shall be conducted in the house exit. For practical plant factories, environment control technologies including artificial light source, illumination and air conditioning, automatic management for nutrient solution and automatic production line of moval bed system, transplanting and harvest should be developed along with researches on the cost reduction of factory building construction.