• 한국암반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국암반공학회 2000년도 암반공학문제의 수치해석(Numerical Analysis in Rock Engineering Problems)
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 2000

대형 구조물 기초로 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 사용이 현저히 증가하고 있음에도 암반의 공학적 물성과 설계정수와의 관련이 명확히 정립되지 못한실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 암반근입말뚝의 거동 특성을 이론적으로 연구하고, 이를 수치적으로 모델링하기 위하여 지반-구조물 상호작용에 관련한 경계면 물성을 기존 연구 결과에 기초하여 합리적으로 산정하였다. 암반의 물성과 경계면 물성간의 관계를 이용하여 암반근입말뚝의 거동을 수치적으로 모사할 수 있으며 , 또한 현장 계측을 통해 얻은 말뚝의 하중전이 양상이 수치적으로 모사된 결과와 잘 일치함을 확인하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.457-468
• /
• 2000

대형 구조물 기초로 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 사용이 현저히 증가하고 있음에도 암반의 공학적 물성과 설계정수와의 관련이 명확히 정립되지 못한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 암반근입말뚝의 거동 특성을 이론적으로 연구하고, 이를 수치적으로 모델링하기 위하여 지반-구조물 상호작용에 관련한 경계면 물성을 기존 연구 결과에 기초하여 합리적으로 산정 하였다. 암반의 물성과 경계면 물성간의 관계를 이용하여 암반근입말뚝의 거동을 수치적으로 모사 할 수 있으며, 또한 현장 계측을 통해 얻은 말뚝의 하중전이 양상이 수치적으로 모사 된 결과와 잘 일치함을 확인하였다.

• 한국암반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국암반공학회 2011년도 추계 총회 및 창립 30주년 기념 심포지엄
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2011

Brittle failure of rock is a classical rock mechanics problem. Rock failure not only involves initiation and propagation of single crack, but also is a complex problem associated with initiation, propagation and coalescence of many cracks. As the most important feature of rock material properties is the heterogeneity, the Weibull statistical distribution is employed in the rock failure process analysis (RFPA) method to describe the heterogeneity in rock properties. In this paper, the applications of the RFPA method in geotechnical engineering and rockburst modeling are introduced with emphasis, which can provide some references for relevant researches.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.213-222
• /
• 2024

Determination of jointed rock mass properties plays a significant role in the design and construction of underground structures such as tunneling and mining. Rock mass classification systems such as Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Rock Mass Index (RMi), Rock Mass Quality (Q), and deformation modulus (Em) are determined from the jointed rock masses. However, parameters of jointed rock masses can be affected by the tunnel depth below the surface due to the effect of the in situ stresses. In addition, the geomechanical properties of rocks change due to the effect of metamorphism. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to apply correlation analysis to investigate the relationships between rock mass properties and some parameters related to the depth of the tunnel studied. For this purpose, the field work consisted of determining rock mass parameters in a tunnel alignment (~7.1 km) at varying depths from 21 m to 431 m below ground surface. At the same excavation depths, thirty-seven rock types were also sampled and tested in the laboratory. Correlations were made between vertical stress and depth, horizontal/vertical stress ratio (k) and depth, k and Em, k and RMi, k and point load index (PLI), k and Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), Em and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), UCS and PLI, UCS and BTS. Relationships were significant (significance level=0.000) at the confidence interval of 95% (r = 0.77-0.88) between the data pairs for the rocks taken from depths greater than 166 m where the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress is between 0.6 and 1.2. The in-situ stress parameters affected rock mass properties as well as metamorphism which affected the geomechanical properties of rock materials by affecting the behavior of minerals and textures within rocks. This study revealed that in-situ stress parameters and metamorphism should be reviewed when tunnel studies are carried out.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.85-99
• /
• 2022

Rock discontinuities, as weak interfaces in rock, control mechanical properties of rock mass. Presence of discontinuities complicates the engineering properties of rock, which is the root of anisotropy and heterogeneity that have nonnegligible influences on the rock engineering. Morphological characteristics of discontinuities in natural rock are an important factor influencing the mechanical properties, particularly roughness, of discontinuities. Therefore, the accurate measurement and characterization of morphologies of discontinuities are preconditions for studying mechanical properties of discontinuities. Taking discontinuities in red sandstone as research objects, the research obtained three-dimensional (3D) morphologies of discontinuities in natural rock by carrying out 3D morphological scanning tests. The waviness and roughness were separated from 3D morphologies of rock discontinuities through wavelet transform. In addition, the calculation method for the overall slope root mean square (RMS) as well as slope RMSs of waviness and roughness of 3D morphologies of discontinuities considering the shear direction was proposed. The research finally determined an evaluation method for 3D morphologies of discontinuities by quantitatively characterizing 3D morphologies with the mean value of the three slope RMSs.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 1997

It is necessary to study on thermo-hydro-mechanical effect at rock mass performing project such as radiowaste disposal in deep rock mass. In this study, thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling analysis which is considered interaction and the variation of rock properties induced by temperature increase was performed for the circular shaft when appling temperature of 20$0^{\circ}C$ at the shaft wall. The shaft is diameter of 2 m and under hydrostatic stress of 5 MPa. In the cases, thermal expansion by temperature increase progress from the wall to outward and thermal expansion could induce tensile stress over the tensile strength of rock mass at the wall. When rock properties were given as a function of temperature, thermal expansion increased, tensile stress zone expanded. Lately, water flow is activated by increase of permeability and decrease of viscosity.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국터널공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.348-358
• /
• 2005

Although the evaluation of the mechanical properties and behavior of discontinuous rock masses is very important for the design of underground openings, it has always been considered the most difficult problem. One of the difficulties in describing the rock mass behavior is assigning the appropriate constitutive model. This limitation may be overcome with the progress in discrete element software such as PFC, which does not need the user to prescribe a constitutive model for rock mass. Instead, the micro-scale properties of the intact rock and joints are defined and the macro-scale response results from those properties and the geometry of the problem. In this paper, a $30m{\times}30m{\times}30m$ jointed rock mass of road tunnel site was analyzed. A discrete fracture network was developed from the joint geometry obtained from core logging and surface survey. Using the discontinuities geometry from the DFN model, PFC simulations were carried out, starting with the intact rock and systematically adding the joints and the stress-strain response was recorded for each case. With the stress-strain response curves, the mechanical properties of discontinuous rock masses were determined and compared to the results of empirical methods such as RMR, Q and GSI. The values of Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and peak strength are almost similar from PFC model and Empirical methods. As expected, the presence of joints had a pronounced effect on mechanical properties of the rock mass. More importantly, the mechanical response of the PFC model was not determined by a user specified constitutive model.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.224-233
• /
• 2014

지하 하중 조건에서 암석물성이 변한다는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 따라서 침수상태에 놓인 폐광산이나 폐공동에서의 하중에 따른 암석 물성변화와 일반적인 건조상태의 하중에 따른 물성 변화와의 관계에 대하여는 연구가 필요하다. 침수-하중 조건에서의 암석 물성 변화를 파악하기 위해 다양한 실험실 실험이 실시되었다. 암석에 가해지는 하중은 단축압축강도의 20~80%로 조절하였다. 침수 및 건조 조건에서 동일한 하중을 가할 경우 발생하는 암석의 열적, 역학적, 물리적 물성 변화를 비교함으로써 건조조건에 비해 침수조건에서의 물성변화가 더 크게 일어남을 알 수 있었다.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.138-144
• /
• 2011

광산이 폐광을 하는 경우 배수시스템을 정지함으로 인해 갱도는 물로 포화된다. 갱도가 포화되었을 때 갱도 주변의 암석은 완전히 포화되고 갱도 주변 암반에는 수압이 작용한다. 암석의 일축압축강도는 함수율에 따라 달라지며 함수율이 증가함에 따라 감소한다. 수압은 암석 내 균열이나 암반 내 불연속면의 확장을 유발하게 된다. 갱도 내 포화된 수압이 지보압을 발휘할 수도 있지만 지하수에 의해 발생한 암반 물성의 저하는 갱도의 안정성을 감소시킬 것이다. 본 연구에서는 수압에 의해 발생한 갱도 주변 암반의 물성 저하가 갱도의 안정성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 2차원 불연속해석과 3차원 연속해석을 실시하였다. 수치해석 결과 수압에 의해 유발된 갱도 주변 암반의 물성 저하는 갱도 주변 암반의 변위 증가에 영향을 미치고, 2차원 해석 결과는 3차원 해석 결과 보다 큰 변위를 나타냈다.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 1996

Back analysis model, capable of calculating the mechanical properties and the in-situ stresses of jointed rock mass, was developed based on the inverse method using a continuum theory. Constitutive equation for the behavior of jointed rock contains two unknown parameters, elastic modulus of intact rock and stiffness of joint, hence algorithm which determines both parameters simultaneously cannot be established. To avoid algebraic difficulties elastic modulus of intact rock was assumed to be known, since the representative value of which would be quite easily determined. Then, the ratio ($\beta$) of joint stiffness to elastic modulus of intact rock was assigned and back analysis for the behavior of jointed rock was carried-out. The value $\beta$ was repeatedly modified until the elastic modulus from back analysis became very comparable to the predetermined value. The joint stiffness could be calculated by multipling the ratio $\beta$ to the final result of elastic modulus. Accuracy and reliability of back analysis procedure was successfully testified using a sample model simulating the underground opening in the jointed rock mass. Applicability of back analysis model for the underground excavation in practice was also verified by analyzing the mechanical properties of jointed rock in which underground oil storage cavern were under construction.