• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.128-143
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• 2010

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the oral antihyperglycemic medications adherence among ambulatory care with adult type 2 diabetes patients and to identify factors affecting the medication adherence in Korea. Methods : This study used the Korean National Health Insurance Database. Study population was 40,082 patients who were 20 years of age or older and first diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (ICD-10: E11) in 2004. The patients were followed up for two years in order to measure adherence with oral antihyperglycemic medications. The level of medication adherence was measured by the medication possession ratio (MPR). Results : The average MPR in the study population was 49.5%. The appropriate adherence rate (MPR$\geq$80%) was 29.4% and showed variation according to the characteristics of individual patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of appropriate adherence increased with female (OR:1.21, CI:1.14-1.27), older age, increasing ambulatory care visits, health insurance (OR:1.53, CI:1.33-1.76), decreasing ambulatory care providers, using a specialized general hospital as their main attending medical institution (OR:10.08, CI:8.96-11.33), having co-morbidity, using polytherapy (OR:1.07, CI:1.01-1.13). Conclusions : The medications adherence for patient with type 2 diabetes is low in Korea, and shows variation according to the characteristics of patients. For proper management of diabetes, health care policy is expected to be enacted to improve medications adherence continuously. In particular, more intensive management is needed for patients with low medications adherence. Also, health care policy makers need to develop the program to induce health care utilization by a patient to be more concentrated with the same provider.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.85-107
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• 2008

This study aims to describe levels and distribution of the continuity of primary care among children and adolescent patients who are 2-19 years old, and analyze the effects of it on the risk of hospitalization. Study population was 2-19 year old child and adolescent patients as of 2002, who had more than three ambulatory care visits in the years of 2002-3 and whose most frequent provider was the primary care practices (189,660 persons). Association of levels of primary care with the risk of hospitalization was evaluated using multiple event survival analysis. Outcome variables were whether the patient had hospitalized or not, and whether the patient had hospitalized due to ambulatory care-sensitive conditions or not. Multiple event survival analysis revealed statistically significant association of the levels of primary care with the risk of hospitalization. Hazard ratio was 1.34 [1.27-1.41] at the medium level of continuity and 1.47 [1.39-1.55] at the lower level where outcome variable was whether the patient had been hospitalized or not. Hazard ratios were 1.35 [1.21-1.50] at the medium level of continuity and 1.60 [1.44-1.78] at the lower level, where outcome variable was whether the patient been had hospitalized due to ambulatory care-sensitive conditions or not. This study produced some evidences on the benefits of continuity of care, which will in turn support the introduction of personal doctor registration program in the future.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.94-104
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the factors which affected exercise and the perceived exercise behaviors in women according to Q-methodology and to provide basic strategies for health promotion of middle-aged women in Korea. Method: Q-methodology provides a scientific method for identifying perception structures that exist within certain individuals or groups. Thirty subjects in Seoul, Incheon, Chung-buk classified 35 selected Q-statements in to 9 points standard. The collected data was analyzed by using a QUANL pc program. Result: Principal component analysis identified 3 types of exercise behavior of middle-aged women in Korea and named by the researcher. They are called persistent activity preference type, living-exercise preference type, exercise mania type. In persistent activity preference type, the middle-aged women thought activity was very helpful to achieving health and releasing stress or fatigue. Also, they recognized the relationship between physical health and psychological health. In living-exercise preference type, the middle-aged women preferred maintaining stability or nonactivity to intended exercise or activity for health. In exercise mania type, the middle-aged women thought there was no other way to keep her health than to exercise. Conclusion: The findings of this study will provide the health care provider including nurse with useful information. It's very important to offer appropriate exercise intervention to the middle-aged women of each type by taking into consideration the characteristics of individual types.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.620-622
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• 2013

Real-time Video communication technology using a Web browser today is on the rise. Video communication system The existing A method of providing an Video communication via a program for a specific server on the service provider, respectively. By using the server of the company that provides an Video communication solutions, were limited by using its own network that you can use to build a separate server for performing Video communication another, using specific software and user groups it was a mechanism for using the Video communication environment. In addition, must be installed separately and ActiveX, plug-in and, use of the service has become possible. Therefore, in this paper, utilizing the real-time Video communication Web-based technology without installing the plug-in, real-time through a Web browser or Active-X of another using a script HTML5 and the Web on the Internet Using HTTP in an environment in the Internet is possible, I've implemented a system capable of Video communication.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.8-19
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• 2003

Background : There have been many studies and efforts about quality management in health services, but there were not founded quality assessment on social services. This study was designed for understood level of quality on social service, identified for correlation factors of quality assessment on social services in general and teaching hospitals in Korea. Methods : The subjects of this survey were 80 leaders of social service units. The survey data from each subjects were measured to evaluate level of quality that service provider perceived of sample hospitals. Social worker's attitude of quality assurance activities, perception of quality assurance system in that hospitals were measured. Under the method of one-way ANOVA, t-test and correlation, associated factors of quality assessment in social work service was analyzed. Results : The major findings were as following ; First, the level of quality perceived showed less score, especially the lowest was the score of quality of outcome. Second, social worker's attitude of quality assurance activities showed high score, but quality assurance system of hospitals showed less score. Third, the level of quality assurance system of hospitals, social worker's attitudes of quality assurance activities. Conclusion : The quality of social work service correlated positive hospitals's quality assurance system, social worker's attitudes of quality assurance activities. Therefore, to assure the proper level of quality, qualified for hospitals system of quality assurance, and needed to a educational program for enhanced social workers's attitudes in quality assurance activities.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.157-171
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• 2006

This study was intended to suggest HACCP-based standard recipe for bellflower roots, classified as no thermal cooking process, served in a university foodservice operation. The time-temperature and microbial contamination level in each cooking step were analyzed. The temperatures of bellflower root, peeled garlic and green onion at receiving were at 13.8$\pm$2.8, 12.6$\pm$2.9 and 13.7$\pm$$0.8^\circC$ respectively, which were above the temperature limit. The time consumed for pre-preparation was up to 90 min at room temperature having high microbial growth potential. The levels of total plate counts (TPC) of bellflower root and garlic were over the limit of $10^6$ CFU/g as were the numbers of coliforms in bellflower roots. There were no microbial reductions in pre-preparation and cooking, which resulted in over $10^5$- $10^6$ CFU/g of TPC at service step. Two CCPs identified were washing/sanitation at pre-preparation and service steps. The control measures were washing/sanitation and temperature control. It was verified that CCPs for no cooking process developed in preceding studies were applicable for the microbiological food safety of this menu item. The HACCP-based standard recipe was developed to produce a quantity for 100 servings by observing the critical limits established for CCPs. These results suggest that the selection of proper provider is imperative to control the microbial contamination of raw materials at purchasing step. Also, the sanitary education program should be developed for the employees to understand and comply the HACCP plan and standard recipe.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.441-452
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• 2018

This study investigated mentor teachers' mentoring types and how the types of mentoring changed throughout the collaborative mentoring program for beginning science teachers who had difficulties in teaching practice. One-on-one mentoring meetings were audio-taped and transcribed for analysis. The result of the study showed that mentors took various roles such as Observer, Critical friend, Provider of feedback, Instructor, Role model, Evaluator, Counselor, and Equal partner. However, if mentoring did not bring about a change in the perception of a science instruction of a mentee teacher, there was no positive change in the teaching of the mentee teacher. Therefore, mentor teacher must have enough time to concretely discuss about mentee teachers' perception of a science instruction, mentoring method, etc. with mentee teacher before mentoring.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.134-147
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• 2002

Background : As an empirical study, current research about the quality of social services carried out in general and teaching hospitals across the country. In the flux of health care reforms and market transformation, the quality of social services in the hospital becomes increasingly significant. Methods : A sample of total 80 hospitals, including general hospitals with one social worker at least and single-department hospital with two social workers or more, were identified nationwide through the registry of Korean Association of Medical Social Workers and Korean Association of Hospitals. The subjects of this survey were 80 leaders of social service units. The survey data from each subjects were measured to evaluate level of quality that service provider perceived of sample hospitals. Under the method of one-way ANOVA and multiple regression, the level of quality in social work service was analyzed. Results : The major findings were as following ; First, the level of quality perceived showed less score, especially the lowest was the score of quality of outcome. Second, the key variables of each hospital which turned out significantly different in quality of social work service were the departmental form of social work unit, unit leader's age, educational level, field experience, and job rank. Third, the level of quality of social work service correlated positively with the field experience of unit leader, the size of social work unit, the job rank of the unit leader. Conclusion : The most influential variables to the quality of social work service proved departmental form of social work unit, leader of social work unit. Therefore, to assure the proper level of quality, social work unit in hospital must be structured single, independent department in which entitled social worker is supposed to supervise and manage. And a leadership-development program for leaders in social work unit are strongly recommended.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.345-355
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• 2016

As Korea has been rapidly transformed to be a multi cultural society, it becomes essential for nursing provider to develop cultural competency. The purpose of this study was to identify impact of self-reflection, critical thinking disposition and multi cultural experience on nursing student's cultural competence. A convenience sample of 148 nursing students was obtained from a university in Gyeonggi Province. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Significant relationships were found between self-reflection, critical thinking disposition, multi cultural experience and cultural competence in nursing student. The result of multiple regression indicates that critical thinking disposition (${\beta}=0.27$, p=.005), self-reflection (${\beta}=0.21$, p=.040) were the most consistent predictors of cultural competence and explained 26.0%. Thus, it is necessary to develop multi cultural education program including self-reflection and critical thinking disposition. The findings suggest the necessity to explore further various factors affecting the cultural competence and to conduct research for establishment a theoretical model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.379-387
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• 2018

Caring is essential ability for nursing provider. The purpose of this study was to identify impact of self-reflection, ego state and transformational leadership on caring ability in nursing students. A convenience sample of 199 nursing students was obtained from a university in Gyeonggi Province. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression. The result of multiple regression indicate that self-reflection(${\beta}=0.10$, p<.05), transformational leadership(${\beta}=0.13$, p<.05), NP(${\beta}=0.27$, p<.001), FC(${\beta}=0.22$, p<.001), CP(${\beta}=-0.24$, p<.001) and AC (${\beta}=-0.35$, p<.001) were the most consistent predictors of caring ability and explained 54.0%. These results are expected to be used as a basic data for the development of a convergence education program that can enhance self - reflection, positive aspect of ego state and transformational leadership in order to improve caring ability of nursing college students.