• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2023

그동안 CG제작공정의 효율성을 향상시키기 위한 많은 연구가 있었지만, 작업 중간에 결과물의 확인이 어렵고 렌더링 타임에 많은 시간이 소요된다는 문제점을 극복하기는 쉽지 않았다. 그러나 최근 실시간으로 결과물의 확인이 가능한 언리얼 라이브 링크의 활용 가능성이 커지면서 제작공정의 효율성 향상에 대한 기대감이 높아지고 있다. 이에 이 연구에서는 언리얼 라이브 링크를 이용한 3D 애니메이션 제작공정의 효율성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 마야로 모델링, 리깅, 애니메이션, 레이아웃 작업을 하고 언리얼 라이브 링크를 통해 언리얼 엔진에서 최종 아웃풋 이미지 시퀀스를 도출하는 방식으로 3D 애니메이션을 제작하였다. 그리고 3D 소프트웨어 자체에서 최종 아웃풋 이미지 시퀀스를 을 도출하는 기존의 제작공정과 본 제작공정의 차이점을 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과 전통적인 3D 애니메이션의 제작공정과 달리 높은 퀄리티의 최종결과물을 보여주는 뷰포트 화면을 통해 작업을 진행함으로써 실시간으로 최종 작업 결과물을 확인하는 것이 가능하였으며, 실시간 화면 캡쳐를 통해 최종결과물을 도출함으로써 작업의 효율성이 극대화되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 최근 3D 애니메이션과 영화 산업현장에서 게임 엔진을 활용하는 사례가 점차 늘고 있는데, 언리얼 라이브 링크를 활용할 경우 작업의 효율성이 매우 극대화될 것으로 예상된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.737-741
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• 1996

Dry matter yield of reed canarygrass was investigated in uncultivated rice paddy in Korea, and an attempt was made to estimate the most economic and efficient cutting frequency and rates of nitrogen (N) fertilization, for increased production of reed canarygrass. Total dry matter yields of reed canarygrass per year were 7.4-15.7, 8.5-16.1, and 7.5-13.4 tons/ha in 3, 4, and 5 cutting frequencies, respectively, and over the N treatments of 0-120 kg N/ha/cut. When cut 3 or 5 times annually, the 2nd cut produced the highest proportion of total yield at 38.4 and 33.0%, respectively, when cut 4 times the 3rd cut was highest (38.3%). The ranges of economic N level, limiting N level and efficiency of dry matter production were 243.3-293.0, 387.2, and 14.6 kg DM/kg N, respectively. These indicators were particularly low for the 5 cutting frequency possibly because of the unusually high temperature in the summer season. The best cutting frequency for the dry matter production of reed canarygrass in 1994 was 3 per year because of the higher efficiency of dry matter production.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.345-375
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to measure the change of the production efficiency which may happen when environmental regulation incurs technological constraint in the process of production, and to compute the opportunity cost of pollution reduction with the lost products based on the change of efficiency. The patterns of production technoloy in the paper are divided into the technologies of strong disposability and weak disposabilty to grasp the effect of the technological constraint due to the environmental regulation. The endowment of the technolgical constraints in the process of production is considered to bring the greatest restriction on firm's production. When the environmental efficiencies of Korean regional manufactures were measured with linear programming model, the lost products related with the constraint of production technology that environmental regulation incurred, was average 148.1 billion dollar per year(5.87% of one year overall products) for total manufactures in 1991~1998. The ratio of the lost products for total products was spread from 0.78% to 1l.08%. The average lost products of 15 regions were changed from 4.66% to 18.35% of total products. Generally the environmental efficiency index of regional manufactures being decreased continuously since 1991, it is estimated that the environmental performance of Korean manufactures has been more and more deteriorating.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.153-165
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the difference in production elasticity based on the types of agricultural labor input regarding its qualitative difference in Jeju mandarin production. To estimate the production function of qualityadjusted labor, we have set up a Quality-Adjusted Index based on the market wage of the agricultural field. We have conducted a multiple regression analysis of the newly estimated labor inputs using the Ordinary Least Squares regression. Results show that the production efficiency of aggregate total labor hours (quality-unadjusted labor input) is overestimated compared to quality-adjusted labor with qualitative labor homogeneity. Moreover, by analyzing household labor and employment labor, we have observed that the marginal productivity of household labor exceeds that of employment labor. In conclusion, this study verifies that securing labor input homogeneity is crucial for analyzing agricultural labor hours' economic efficiency accurately.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2015

투입 산출변수의 외생적 흐름에 기초한 전통적인 자료포락분석은 생산활동의 모든 내부과정을 'black box'로 간주하며 각 생산단계의 상호작용에 대한 정보를 고려하지 못한 한계를 지닌다. 이에 생산과정을 세분화하고 각 생산단계의 효율성을 연계하여 추정하는 Network DEA 방식이 최근 활발히 적용되고 있으며 특히 환경효율성의 추정과정을 생산 및 저감활동으로 구분한 연구가 대표적이다. 본고는 한국의 51개 산업단지를 대상으로 Network DEA에 기초한 환경효율성 추정을 시도하였으며, 분석결과 추정치의 변별력, 비효율의 발생단계, 기타 외생변수와의 통계적 관련성 등의 관점에서 전통적 DEA 추정결과에 비해 우수한 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2020

The main task of agro-industrial production is to provide the population with food products for the production of which energy is expended in the form of electricity, technical means, fuels and lubricants, mineral fertilizers, etc. Accordingly, we have developed a concept and general methodological principles for the analysis of ecological and biotechnical systems in animal husbandry, it makes it possible to simulate the influence of various factors on the energy and ecological efficiency of systems, to compare and search for energy-saving modes and technologies. General methodological principles have been developed for the analysis of energy efficiency and environmental safety of agricultural ecological and biotechnical systems, which are based on the definition of the bioenergy efficiency coefficient, the quantitative expression of which is the ratio of energy accumulated in products to the total energy consumption for its production. This makes it possible to model with sufficient accuracy the influence of various factors on the energy and environmental efficiency of the system, to compare and search for energy-saving modes and technologies in order to find and select the most energy efficient ones to increase the energy efficiency of the complex.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.961-966
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• 2008

Direct and maternal genetic parameters for production traits in 1,642 pigs and maternal genetic correlations among production (1,642 pigs) and feed efficiency (380 boars) traits were estimated in 7 generations of a Duroc population. Traits studied were daily gain (DG), intramuscular fat (IMF), loineye area (LEA), backfat thickness (BF), daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI). The RFI was calculated as the difference between actual and predicted feed intake. The predicted feed intake was estimated by adjusting the initial test weight, DG and BF. Data for production traits were analyzed using four alternative animal models (including direct, direct+maternal permanent environmental, or direct+maternal genetic+maternal permanent environmental effects). Direct heritability estimates from the model including direct and all maternal effects were $0.41{\pm}0.04$ for DG, $0.27{\pm}0.04$ for IMF, $0.52{\pm}0.06$ for LEA and $0.64{\pm}0.04$ for BF. Estimated maternal heritabilities ranged from $0.04{\pm}0.04$ to $0.15{\pm}0.05$ for production traits. Antagonistic relationships were observed between direct and maternal genetic effects ($r_{am}$) for LEA (-0.21). Maternal genetic correlations of feed efficiency traits with FI ($r_g$ of FI with FCR and RFI were $0.73{\pm}0.06$ and $0.90{\pm}0.05$, respectively) and LEA (rg of LEA with FCR and RFI were $-0.48{\pm}0.05$ to $-0.61{\pm}0.05$, respectively) were favorable. The estimated moderate genetic correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects for IMF and LEA indicated that maternal effects has an important role in these traits, and should be accounted for in the genetic evaluation system.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.648-651
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• 2004

This paper compares the efficiency of the banking systems of 8 countries during 1996-2002 period. When to estimate the efficiency for each country only, the efficiency levels are more than $85\%$ that shows the production functions of all banks in a single county are similar. But the estimation for all countries shows that the banking systems of some countries are not so efficient compared to other countries' production functions.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2009

Nitrogen removal and methane production from piggery wastewater were investigated in two-phase anaerobic digestion (TPAD) coupled with biological nitrogen removal (BNR) process at $35^{\circ}C$. Methane production rate was about $0.7L/L{\cdot}day$ at organic loading rate (OLR) of $1.2g{\cdot}TCOD/L{\cdot}day$ in methanogenic UASB. Conversion efficiency of the removed TCOD into methane in UASB was as high as 72% and overall TCOD removal efficiency in this system was over 97%. Ammonia nitrogen were stably removed in BNR system and overall efficiency were 98%. With recirculation of the nitrified final effluent to TPAD, nitrogen oxides were completely removed by anaerobic denitrification in the acidogenic reactor, which did not inhibit the acidogenic activities. Overall TN removal efficiency in the TPAD-BNR system was as high as 94%.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2019

Recently, because of the global recession of the offshore plant industry and low-cost orders, there has been increasing interest in strengthening the competitiveness of domestic companies for the design and production technologies of offshore plants. However, in the offshore plant design field, the Plant Design Management System (PDMS), which is a 3D CAD program for plant layout developed by AVEVA Marine, is already commonly used as offshore plant design software and widely used in large domestic shipyards and cooperative design companies. Under this background, we have been thinking about ways to design better with the existing software. In this study, we developed a parametric design program to maximize the efficiency and reduce the working time for offshore plant electrical outfit production design based on the Programmable Macro Language (PML) of PDMS. We also examined its performance. By applying the developed program to the offshore plant module selected as an application example, it was confirmed that a 50% improvement in the work efficiency of cable tray design could be obtained compared with the existing method, with work efficiency improvements of 80% or more in other field design work.