• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.274-284
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• 2017

This study examined the awareness, understanding, attitudes, and purchase intention regarding food labeling on bakery products in the context of health consciousness. The purpose of the study was to provide basic data for bakery product labeling, which has been insufficient to date, and to develop measures to expand the labeling system. The results of the study showed that higher subjective understanding and better attitude towards bakery food labeling can positively increase the purchase intention. We believe that the bakery industry needs to promote food labeling proactively, while also developing products addressing health concerns. This study is also valuable to academia because it provides insights into the relationship between the consumer's understanding of and attitudes towards nutritional information and purchase intention. In addition, it is beneficial to the bakery industry because it establishes marketing strategies that increase the purchase intent among both consumers with high health consciousness and those who infrequently purchase baked goods.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the level and recognition and interest in nutrition labeling in restaurants according to consumer interest levels in health and to suggest its application to restaurant lunches. By considering various statistics and data on the frequency of reasons for dining-out, this study examined worker restaurant lunches and investigated the level of recognition of interest in nutrition labeling, the type of nutrition information that is of interest and the preferred format of labeling according to the level of interest in health. According to the results, while the frequency of dining-out by workers was high, their consideration for health and nutrition labeling in restaurants was low. However, a high percentage of consumers responded that nutrition labeling was a customer right and necessary to improve the quality of menu items as well as public health. Therefore, active promotion of nutrition labeling in the dining industry is necessary. Interest levels in additives, product origin and menu ingredients indicated in restaurant menus were higher than for nutritional information such as nutrients and calories. When the preferred format for providing nutrition information was investigated, consumers preferred information written on a menu board, and they wanted to broaden the range of information included in nutrition labeling for menu items beyond calories and nutritional facts. Based on these results, recognition of nutrition labeling in restaurants was found to below and the interest level in health was also lower than expected. However, most consumers responded that nutrition labeling was helpful in choosing menu items can be a tool for nutrition education and can play a role in improving the recognition of nutrition. Therefore, active promotion of nutrition labeling by the dining industry is necessary.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.599-611
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• 2009

This article concerns the labeling guideline for health benefits of livestock products. In recent years, livestock products with health benefits have emerged as a key market for livestock product industries. However, the current labeling regulation for functional foods severely prohibits livestock product industries from attaching most of the health benefits claims to the products. Also, manufacturers have some difficulties in labeling the health benefits of certain livestock products because of a lack of guidelines on health benefit claims for livestock products. Therefore, some livestock product industries and scientists have strongly demanded a revision of labeling regulation, Appended Chart No. 14 provided by Article 52 (2) of Enforcement Regulation of the Processing of Livestock Products Act, so they could mark the health benefits on their products. To support the 'revision of labeling regulation', the goals of this article were as follows; 1) to assess the current situation on nutrition labeling and nutrition claims on foods, 2) to determine the current situation on health claim regulatory systems used in foreign countries (CODEX, USA, Japan, EU, and Australia/New Zealand), 3) to assess the current situation on the health claim or health benefit claim regulations for functional foods, conventional foods, and livestock products in Korea, and 4) to determine the need for complement in health benefit claim for livestock products. In conclusion, guidelines for the use of health benefit claims on livestock products should be prepared as soon as possible and the guidelines should be viable and easy for manufacturers and control authorities to understand. Also, nutrient profiles should be developed to identify whether the livestock products are eligible to bear health benefit claims and to help consumers make the right choices.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.982-986
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• 2013

The noise emitted from construction machinery has long been a cause of environmental disputes, especially to the nearby residents. In 2008, the Ministry of Environment adopted the construction machinery noise labeling system to encourage the development of the low noise construction machinery. After the implementation of the noise labeling system of the construction machinery, the noise emitted from the construction machinery has been decreased over the six years. But, as the quality of life improves, a growing number of people desire more comfortable and quite living environment. Under the situation, new systems like the low noise labeling system are considered to encourage the development of the low noise construction machinery. In accordance with the low noise labeling system, the construction machinery satisfying the standard of low noise are qualified to attach the low noise label in front of the products. Thus, the product qualified the low noise certification will be incentivized by the choice of the consumer. In this paper, we have studied the necessity of the low noise labeling system for the construction machinery and the considerations to adopt the low noise labeling system of construction machinery. And we have studied appropriate criterion to judge the low noise construction machinery. The considerations studied in this paper will be helpful to adopt the low noise labeling system of construction machinery in the future.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.202-207
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze labeling improvements and evaluate willingness to pay for health functional foods with a focus on the caution for intake. For this study, we conducted a survey on health functional food intake behavior, confirmation and improvements of cautions for intake. We assessed the willingness to pay for improvement of the caution for intake. Consumers anticipate improved immune function, and fatigue improvement after consumption of health functional foods. They mainly checked the function components related to efficacy and effectiveness, ingredients and their contents, ingestion amount and method, expiry date and best mode of storage, product name, and cautions associated with ingestion of health functional foods. They has been difficulties in obtaining sufficient caution information for intake from the current labeling method. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the labeling of caution for intake. The analysis indicated that about 5.14% of the respondents were willing to pay more if new labeling was introduces. However, there is still controversy over their safety, which is damaging to the consumers. Therefore, by providing consumers with accurate and detailed information on cautions for intake, it can contribute to securing safety and improving the quality of health functional foods.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.309-325
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• 2023

GMO labeling system in South Korea stipulates three labeling methods: GMO labeling, no labeling and Non-GMO labeling. Products labeled as Non-GMO are not allowed for unintentional commingling of GMO without tolerance. However, consumers vary their acceptance of Non-GMO label on the unintentionally commingled products and willingness to pay according to the mixing rate, rather than devalue the whole products as useless. Additionally, consumers do not believe that the acceptable mixing rate should be discriminated between non-labeled products, which allow up to 3% of unintentional GMO contamination, and Non-GMO labeled products. Information on unintentional GMO mixing mainly refers to the mixing rate, but the Non-GMO content remaining even after commingling is also important information. The decline in value is alleviated when consumers are exposed to positive information, such as Non-GMO content, rather than when exposed to negative information, such as the mixing rate. Loss Aversion Coefficient is relative depending on whether the information representing the loss is positive or negative. Information that a Non-GMO labeled product contains X% GMO is more sensitive than information that (100-X)% Non-GMO remains.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제33권1_2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2015

A Total Mean Cordial labeling of a graph G = (V, E) is a function $f:V(G){\rightarrow}\{0,1,2\}$ such that $f(xy)={\Large\lceil}\frac{f(x)+f(y)}{2}{\Large\rceil}$ where $x,y{\in}V(G)$, $xy{\in}E(G)$, and the total number of 0, 1 and 2 are balanced. That is ${\mid}ev_f(i)-ev_f(j){\mid}{\leq}1$, $i,j{\in}\{0,1,2\}$ where $ev_f(x)$ denotes the total number of vertices and edges labeled with x (x = 0, 1, 2). If there is a total mean cordial labeling on a graph G, then we will call G is Total Mean Cordial. Here, We investigate the Total Mean Cordial labeling behaviour of prism, gear, helms.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2005

This study was carried out to establish the consumer-centric food labeling system by investigating usage state, importance evaluation, problems and satisfaction, etc. on the current food labeling system by consumer. For usage state of checking the food label, 50.2% of respondents were replied ‘mostly check the label’, and they were indicated a significant difference on ‘education level(p<.05)’, and in case of married respondents, most were relied 'absolutely check the label', For the reason to check the food label, 61.8% of respondents were replied 'to determine whether it is stable or not', and they were indicated a significant difference on age(p<.01), marital status(p<.01), and job(p<.01). For the item considered as important things on the label of the whole food, 49.8% of respondents were replied that 'expiration and manufacture date is important', and they were indicated a significant difference(p<.001) on age, marital status, job. For item considered as important things on the label of each food, it was indicated that they considered food company as important thing in case of snack, soft drink, edible oils, and noodles, and food company in case of ice cream, and expiration and manufacture date in case of milk product and meat product. For the problems on the current food labeling system, the clauses 'Poor marking on food additives and materials contents' and 'untrue marking of nutrition contents' were indicated a significant difference on age(p<0.05, p<0.001), and the clause 'untrue marking of nutrition contents' were indicated a significant difference on marital status(p<.01) and job(p<.01).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.1056-1063
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• 2010

본 연구는 현재 시판되고 있는 국내 육가공품 표시 실태에 대한 이행여부를 조사하였고, 육가공품을 가장 많이 소비하고 있는 청소년과 아동들을 위한 구매 주체인 20~50대 주부 184명을 대상으로 국내 육가공품의 영양표시제도에 대한 인지도, 필요성과 이해도 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 시판 육가공품의 영양표시 실태를 살펴본 결과 총 171개 조사대상 제품 중 영양성분은 48.0%에 해당되는 81개 육가공품에서 표시된 것으로 확인되었다. 소시지류는 88.9%로 가장 많이 표시된 반면, 베이컨은 표시된 제품이 없었다. 조사대상자들은 나이와 상관없이 제품표시와 영양표시를 확인하는 경우가 전체적으로 높게 나타났으며, 질병이 있거나 BMI가 높은 사람일수록 제품표시와 영양표시를 확인하는 경향이 높게 나타났다. 제품표시를 확인하지 않는 이유로서 '보아도 잘 이해가 되지 않아서'가 46.2% 가장 높게 나타났으며, 영양표시를 확인하지 이유로는 '영양성분표시를 확인해도 도움이 안 되는 경우가 많아서'가 39.3%로 가장 높았고 다음으로는 '영양성분표시의 이해가 어려워서'가 32.8%로 나타났다. 영양표시제도가 필요성에 대하여는 '매우 그렇다'가 51.6%로 가장 많이 응답하였다. 영양표시시행에 따른 긍정적 효과에 대한 조사결과 '건강에 유익한 제품을 선택 시 용이하다.'가 62%로 나타났으며 시행에 따른 수반되는 문제점으로 '허위, 과대 표시로 인해 충동구매를 야기한다.'가 35.9%로 가장 많이 응답하였다. 영양표시제도에 대한 이해도에서 11문항 중 4문항이 약 50% 이상의 정답률을 나타냈으며, 영양권장량 등의 수량적 이해 질문에는 정답률이 낮게 나타났다. 또한 육가공품의 영양표시 이해도에 대한 결과에서는 7문항 중 3문항만이 약 50% 이상으로 나타났다. 제품표시의 확인정도는 영양표시의 확인정도와 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 나타났다. 영양표시를 확인하는 정도는 영양표시지식과 육가공품의 영양표시지식과 각각 유의적인 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 영양표시를 확인하고 있지만 정확한 영양표시에 대한 정확한 정보 지식의 수준이 낮은 것을 의미한다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 소비자들에 대한 전반적 영양교육에 대한 홍보의 필요성이 중요하게 부각되며 다양한 표시 방법은 소비자들에게 혼동이 올 수 있으므로 제품종류에 상관없이 같은 영양정보표시 방법을 선정하여 보다 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 영양표시의 규정이 명확하게 이루어져야 한다고 판단된다. 특히 육가공품에 대한 영양표시 제도를 정착시키기 위해서는 추가적 영양교육과 홍보가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.543-552
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• 1998

A sruvey was conducted to investigate the consumer perception of farm products and processed foods, and to figure out the future direction of food supply system to satisfy the consumer need. From the citizens in Taegu area, 532 housewives were selected as sample subjects by stratified random sam-pling procedure. The main criteria of consumers for purchasing farm products was quality and the main reason for purchasing imported products was cheap price(48.9%). Most of consumers(87%) thought that food safety of farm products was not belong to safe level. Consumers(79.7%) perceived that the labeling system for the place of origin and for the quality are necessary, but they did not have confidence in the current label. Nearly all the subjects(93.6%) were concerned about the hazardness of residual chemicals of imported products, desired the rigorous inspection system for imported products. Consumers in Taegu area had confidence in processed foods in the following order; farmerbrand-product(0.9%), government-authorized farm product(30.0%) and agricultural cooperative association product(26.4%). However, only 73.6% of the consumers had the experience to purchase farmers' processed foods. As a conclusion, it appeared that nutrition education for consumers on food-decision making is strongly required for the substantial segment of population who are still ignorant of safety of imported product and food distribution system.