• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.147-160
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• 2014

This study examines the effects of store environment on consumer commitment to department stores and the differences among department stores. A self-administered questionnaire was developed based on existing scales in the literature and the result of qualitative research. The survey was conducted on 500 female consumers in their 20s to 40s in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi areas in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis via SPSS Win 16.0. The results were as follows: First, three department stores revealed statistically significant differences in the diversity of facilities, store atmosphere, locational convenience and policy. Second, affective commitment to department stores was affected by salesperson service, policy, diversity of facilities, product assortment, store atmosphere and locational convenience. Calculative commitment in department stores was affected by policy, diversity of facilities, store atmosphere and locational convenience. There were also significant differences on store environmental factors that influence affective commitment and calculative commitment among department stores.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.280-291
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• 2004

Apparel goods are classified by many criteria for ease of merchandising implementation. Fashion and basic goods are also an oucome oi classification. Previous studies pnvide some criteria by which apparel products can be classified into fushion and basic goods. Among those ciiteria, seasonality, fashionability, clothing types, complexity in pnduction, simplicity of style, pioducuon volume, degree of style change by season, could be listed. This study, first explored how apparel merchandisers and designers define fashion and basic goods in relation with those criteria. Definitions of fashion and basic goods were explored in terms of design elements (i.e., style, color, material), production volume, sales ratio, proportion in product assortment, and contribution to profit. The study adopted a qualitative approach by use of eighteen infepth interviews with menhandisers and designers. Six were from women＇s wear brand, Seven from men＇s wear brand, and 5 from casual wear brand. All the interviewees agreed that they are using the classification of basic vs. fashion goods. However, they are using diverse terms to indicate the basic and fashion goods. The interviewees defined each group based on its contribution to total sales or profit complexity in design, production volume, and style change by season. Basic goods had a higher level of production quantity, contribute more to profit simpler design, and less style change by season than fashion goods.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.27-44
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were 1) to identify predictors of consumers′ apparel purchase on Internet shopping malls and 2) to determine reasons that respondents didn\`t have purchase intention of apparel on Internet shopping malls. The data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from 204 male and female students who experienced shopping for apparel on Internet shopping malls, living in Cheju and analyzed by factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, t-test and paired t-test. Two predictors were found regarding purchase of apparel on the "big box" Internet shopping malls which sells various product categories; apparel quality and fun of order process. On the speciality Internet shopping malls which sells only fashion goods, diverse apparel assortment and easy handling and fun of information search were identified as predictors of apparel purchase. Reasons that respondents didn′t have purchase intention of apparel on Internet shopping malls were summarized and labeled as: difficulty of decision making due to virtual shopping environment, insufficiency of diverse apparels, users′ unease handling, risk of incredible apparel quality, unfamiliarity of Internet shopping and risks of unsecurity. Difficulty of decision making due to virtual shopping environment was determined as the most important factor of reasons that respondents didn′t have purchase intention of apparels in website.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1063-1070
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• 2021

The study aims to investigate the role of consumer's social risk perceptions in retailing private label brands. Since private label brands are exclusively available at retail stores, consumers make their purchase decisions regarding them based on the image of that retail outlet. While buying them, risk perceptions are influenced by the retail store's image. The study identifies various retail store dimensions. For this purpose, primary data was collected using a survey questionnaire that was administered to a representative sample of retail store consumers in Riyadh. The data was analyzed and exploratory factor analysis was applied using SPSS 25 version to extract store image dimensions. The results showed six significant dimensions of retail store image namely 'Sales Staff', 'Promotion', 'Store Environment', 'Store Services', 'Product Assortment', and 'Customer Convenience'. Regression Analysis was performed and the effect of these retail store image dimensions was tested on social risk perceptions of consumers. Results indicate that store image dimensions significantly influence consumer's perceived social risk perceptions. However, the relationship is not consistent across all the six identified store image dimensions. The study brings forth several valuable consumer insights and the findings of the study have some very interesting and practical implications for retailers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.11-20
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• 2023

Purpose: The development of e-commerce in the marketplace is becoming a big trend, but there is a handful of research about the unique characteristics of e-commerce. Online distribution has several differences from offline, such as consumer approach, payment, and product assortment. In addition to the relationship between quality factors and e-commerce satisfaction, this study research how brand awareness affects consumer satisfaction and which quality factor affects brand awareness. Research design, data, and methodology: This study conducted a survey on 457 customers using top online shopping malls. As for the analysis method, multiple regression analysis to verify the mediating effect. Results: All quality factors and brand awareness affect consumer satisfaction. Among the quality factors, only price, payment, and delivery had an effect among the four factors. As a result of verifying the mediating effect of brand awareness in the relationship between online shopping mall quality factors and consumer satisfaction, price, payment, and delivery showed mediating effects. Conclusion: Online shopping mall satisfaction affects the satisfaction of brand awareness consumers perceive aside from consumers' direct experience. The result showed that price, payment, and delivery were significant in the relationship of quality factor and brand awareness of an online shopping malls.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.11-21
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of mobile shopping app components on shopping flow and the continuous usage intention of the shopping apps in the rapidly growing mobile market facilitated by advancements in the mobile environment. Research Methodology: A survey was conducted, targeting users aged 20 and older with experience in using mobile shopping apps. The responses of 456 participants were analyzed through frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results: The study found that within the components of mobile shopping apps, enjoyment significantly impacted both shopping flow and the continuous usage intention of shopping apps. The diversity of product assortment had a significant effect only on shopping flow. The usefulness and ease of use influenced on the intention to continue using shopping apps. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that shopping app operators try to identify essential components for stimulating user interest and engagement when developing or modifying apps. Additionally, a diverse range of products enhances the shopping experience and drives spontaneous purchases. Furthermore, providing an easy interface and minimizing the effort required, this experience can enhance user perception of its value and sustain consumers' continuous usage intention of the shopping app.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.13
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• pp.1-27
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• 2004

This study attempts to investigate the difference between the internet shoppingmall types. The main purpose of this study is to verify the relationships among shoppingmall evaluation criteria, shopping satisfaction, revisit frequency, and repurchase intention across the shoppingmall type. The following results were shown by testing eleven hypotheses using LISREL. First, shoppingmall evaluation criteria such as entertainment, product authentification, economical prices and on-time delivery were significantly related to shopping satisfaction in general merchandise shoppingmall. Second, in specialty shoppingmall, evaluation criteria like informativeness, economical prices and on-time delivery significantly affected shopping satisfaction. Third, as contrasted with the expectation, site design and product assortment did not have significant impact on satisfaction in both internet shoppingmall types. Fourth, shopping satisfaction was significantly related to revist frequency and repeat purchase intention. Finally, some theoretical and managerial implications were discussed.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.201-211
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to pinpoint currently arising issues concerning cyber fashion mall by analysing present status and contents of its web design, management and planning within the limits o business to customer (B2C) commerce, and to suggest a direction for building an ideal fashion mall on the internet. As for the study method, conceptual definitions were given based on previous studies. And a positive study was implemented, in which the cases of 23 chosen cyber fashion malls among 60 or so domestic and foreign malls selling fashion products were found by internet search engines and analysed. Results of the case analysis of cyber fashion malls are as follows : 1) cybermall must provide customers with an integrated service as well as e-commerce. 2) various products assortment and price differentiation must be developed, 3) the techniques of graphics, coloring and texturing, and layout design must be adopted to process and express product information, 4) the legislative system is needed to deal with the security, and 5) design and management of customer oriented interface are needed to process and express product information matter of electronic payment and customer protection. Considering the issues in internet fashion cybermalls, are suggested the important factors that are necessary or web design, planning and management to build an ideal cyber fashion mall. These results will contribute to the development of fashion e-commerce.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 2010

Business corporations have become specialized and on the basis of various interests try to strengthen their competitiveness through a cooperative system of purchase, distribution, service and IT technology. And an advanced Internet-based electronic commerce has witnessed explosive growth and a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. Through E-marketplace. business corporations achieve such diverse utilities as expenditure curtailment, process reduction and prime cost reduction. And with business depression worldwide and soaring prices of materials, many business corporations consider the introduction of comprehensive purchase of MRO (maintenance, repair and operation) materials. The Purpose of this study was to examine the definition of B2B E-marketplace and the utilities of MRO commerce correctly focusing on an empirical analysis of cases of MRO supply and purchase business corporations. The indications acquired from this research results are as follows. Firstly, as for MRO integrated purchase under the characteristics of the market environment, it had to use the supplier obligatorily through the integrated purchase on the level of CEO's decision-making or the group rather than the voluntary will of the purchasing department or the procurement department. Secondly, as for the present B2B E-marketplace MRO purchase, the purchasing agency business has formed the mainstream, but it is aiming at the diversification of the benefit by supplementing/correcting the business model such as category type, mediation business type, MRO-type advancing in the store inclusive of the purchasing agency business, keeping pace with the potential market of MRO. Thirdly, as for analysis of the products, the purchaser wants more various products and assortment of goods than those of the present time, and also to be provided with the precise product information. Especially, as the importance of the product sourcing becomes high, the whole energy has been bestowed on acquirement of the excellent suppliers. Fourth, as for use of B2B E-marketplace MRO integrated purchasing system, there are the purchasing companies complaining the inconvenience even until now, and there is the demerit spending the long time during the image move and the process treatment. It shall try to shorten the searching time and the process treatment time as the system is centered on the purchaser. In order to enhance the efficiency of MRO E-marketplace purchase, followings must be considered: First, because the importance of product sources ever increases, an excellent supplier must be secured earnestly. Second, the time of process must be reduced focusing on purchasers. B2B E-marketplace will increase and diversify electronic commerce continuously. Through MRO E-marketplace, business corporations will reduce expenditure, achieve a transparent and speedy trade, and purchase products of fine quality, thus establishing a most effective market. In addition, in this study the investigator brings focus into MRO which has not been clearly discussed in the academic and business world so far and intensively highlights an indirect material-oriented expenditure curtailment effect. By taking all the aspects of supplier, purchaser and practical economical value into account, the investigator presents a strategic direction for the successful comprehensive purchase of B2B MRO.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.377-386
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• 2006

Imwonshibyukji(1827) is an important and stupendous ancient scientific book, which is much like an encyclopedia, that can discern the dietary life of the latter period of Choseon. This article is assorted, which is mentioned in this book, as Cho(Misutkaru-in parched grain that is weed out into powder) to the main material of grain Youmicho, Wandoocho, Youcho, also the medicinal plant as the main material Youkhangcho, Backyupcho, Chungumcho, Unyoungcho, and Naecho, Haengcho, Eicho, Imgumcho, Joyou, Bokbunjacho, made by fruit. The results of inquiring the property by the assortment is as you see in the following. Youmicho, Wandoocho, Youcho, Youkhyangcho, Backyupcho, and Chungumcho, which consist of glutinous rice, nonclutinous rice, barley, buckwheat, pea, and black soybean are among 13 kinds of methods to make Cho. The manufacturing process is similar to that of Misutkaru, but in the case of Unyoungcho 6 different medicinal powders are mixed with Chundang and Sookmill to form a hard portable taffy substance, which is quite unique. Naecho, Haengcho, Eicho, Imgumcho, Joyou, and Bokbunjacho are extracted from pulp and processed in a powder form like Misutkaru, which can also be considered as a fruit tea. Youcho is unique in its sense, since it is fermented by maggots that are bred in order to obtain the juice. Cho is known to calm thirst and empty stomachs, and has various medicinal materials to act as food to aid virility. It is also known to have multiple functions as an alternative staple, refreshment to aid virility, portable food, and preferable beverage. There are ten references on Cho, 37% are Korean in Ongheejobji and 63% Chinese in Jaeminyosool, Bonchogangmok, Chungmoonbobang, Nongjungchunsuh, Wangshinongsuh, Shikgyung, Sukmyung, Bonchoseupyou, and Wisaengbogam. The citations are in the general introduction and 13 types of Cho are cited 19 times overall, but citations based on Chinese references are non existe.