• Journal of Ginseng Culture
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.116-134
• /
• 2024

This study aimed to identify the issues in Korean ginseng exports through analyzing the ginseng market. Therefore, the study examined the current ginseng production status in South Korea and China, the major ginseng-producing countries in Northeast Asia, including cultivated areas, harvested areas, and production volumes. For South Korea, specific data on ginseng, such as average prices, operating costs, and production costs, were compiled to demonstrate the production competitiveness of Korean ginseng from a production perspective. Furthermore, as major ginseng-exporting countries, South Korea, China, and Hong Kong's export trends, including export quantities, export values, and export prices, as well as crucial export items and tariff rates, were summarized to showcase the export competitiveness of Korean ginseng. Additionally, this study aimed to understand the consumption patterns of ginseng in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan by presenting various cases and events in these countries. Based on information related to production, export, and consumption, this study identified obstacles in the ginseng export process, including market downturns, weakened price competitiveness of Korean ginseng, increased market share of competing products like Chinese and Western ginseng, a lack of promotion and marketing, and insufficient development and export of various ginseng products. In response, strategies for overcoming these obstacles were proposed, including diversifying exports, establishing effective production systems, enhancing quality and branding, strengthening promotion and marketing efforts, and developing various ginseng products.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.37
• /
• pp.491-508
• /
• 2014

As number of making 3D feature animation films is increasing, 3D production pipeline become more complicated and more artists are needed than before. Major studios in foreign countries, in burden of producing high quality films with limited amount of budget and time, have been handling such difficulties by hiring technical directors in each department such as animation, rigging, cloth hair, and effect. Technical director is new occupation which appears after trend of producing animation is changed from 2D to 3D. Importance of technical director is increasing in respect to studios' needs which are related to complication in production time, manpower, budget, and production pipeline. This research is based on the researcher's work experience as an animation TD at Walt Diseny Animation Studio and Sony Pictures Imageworks, interview with working professionals, and related books and thesis. It focuses on the role of animation technical director in Disney's 3D feature animation film from two perspectives, 'Designing Production Pipeline' and 'Analyzing Problem of Shot'. Animation technical directors design and test production pipeline so that they can detect and solve problems that may arise in production process as early as possible. They not only analyze numerous problems of characters or shots limited to animation department but also in other departments such as modeling, mapping, character rigging, cloth, hair, lighting, rendering, software development in order to support artists to complete their shots according to the production schedule. In accordance with recent trend of increasing number of 3D feature animation film production in South Korea and collaboration with foreign studios outside of South Korea, it is vital to train animation technical directors who can develop production pipeline, analyze various problems of shots and characters to escalate efficiency in production.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.524-530
• /
• 2010

Chloramphenicol is one of the most effective antibiotics for treatment of food-producing animals for typhoid fever. However, it has been reported that it caused severe side effects such as aplastic anemia in human, therefore the use of chloramphenicol for food-producing animal is prohibited by European Union and other countries. In this study, the analytical method using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-LC/MS) was established for accurate determination of chloramphenicol in meat. Chloramphenicol was extracted with ethylacetate from porcine and solid phase extraction cartridge was used for enhancing the recovery. The residue of chloramphenicol in porcine was analyzed using the liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (LC/MS) interfaced with electrospray ionization source. Analysis was performed in negative mode with selected reaction mornitoring mode at m/z 321${\rightarrow}$257 of $[M-H]^-$ ${\rightarrow}$ $[M-H-(HCOCl)]^-$ and m/z 326 ${\rightarrow}$ 262 channels for its isotope. The established method was tested using fortified samples at the level of 0.2 1, 10, $25\;{\mu}g$/kg and analytical results agreed with the gravimetrically fortified values within their uncertainties. This method was validated by analyzing a certified reference material, BCR 445, from IRMM (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurement). Our measurement values agreed with the certified value within their uncertainties. The uncertainty of our measured value was much lower than that the certified value from IRMM.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2004

The prevention of infectious disease from contaminated foods is very important in public health. Quantitative microbial risk assessment has been used in advance countries to achieve the safety of public health against hazardous microbial causing contaminated foods. This study was conducted to estimate maximum edible time without producing enterotoxin from Staphylococcus aureus in Kimbap selling at different domestic store using Food MicroModel and monitoring data and to compute maximum edible time by temperature with 99th percentile safety probability based on only restaurant data. For estimating maximum edible time, model operation conditions like reaching time at 2 ${\times}$ 10$^{7}$ , which enterotoxin was known as producing point from S. aureus, temperature of 28∼3$0^{\circ}C$, pH 5.2, NaCl 0.22%, aw(water activity) 0.99, and intaking one serving size of 171g in Kimbap were considered. Estimated maximum edible times by regarding outdoor temperature in summer were 3.9∼4.6 hrs in restaurant, 6.7∼7.9 hrs in department store and 7.4∼8.7 hrs in convenient store. Based on restaurant data, estimated maximum edible times with 99th percentile safety probability by temperature were 1.9 hrs in 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 17.7 hrs in 15$^{\circ}C$.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.427-435
• /
• 2017

Korea's overseas construction awards reached US $750 bn for more than 50 years since it first entered the market in 1966. In particular, the company won US $540 bn over 10 years from 2007, achieving 72% of the total contracts. However, in recent two years, awarded amounts have decreased by 40% each year. The most significant decline is due to the impact of international oil prices, which have plummeted since end of 2014, as oil-producing nations, which are Korea's major target countries, are struggling to cancel or postpone infrastructure orders. In order to lessen the impact of raw material price fluctuations, the recent trend is that even countries with relatively loose government financing conditions are rapidly changing their ordering methods to investment development forms such as PPP. The Korean government and companies have been already preparing for this for several years, but they are still not doing so well. The main reason is the lack of understanding about the investment development type project, especially financing methods and the aggravated fear of exposing it to various risks due to the characteristics of the development project, which takes a long time to collect the investment. In this paper, I propose a more systematic solution to financial process and risk management, which is recognized as a obstructive factor for Korean companies, in line with the recent government-led establishment of overseas infrastructure development support organizations. I would like to serve as a investment guide.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.5 s.67
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 2006

Design, to all of us living in the 21st century, is not just an action that revs up the production and consumption as an added value of an industry, but it is recognized as a broader social and cultural action in practice. The purpose of this study is to broaden the role of design as a principal body producing culture, and to proclaim that design itself has to have self-sufficiency as culture. The study starts from a hypothesis that the action of design should be at the core of cultural industry. The study includes studying the documents on and analyzing the current status and case studies of cultural industry and design policies for macro view. Comparative research and analysis of how designers from three countries, Korea, United States and England, perceive policies is a microscopic part of this study. The methods for this study include survey for quantitative research in Korea, United States and England, and intensive interviews for qualitative research to explain past facts and the current situation of design policies. The survey compares design professionals of three countries, and the intensive interviews are done with manager level design professionals who are both decision makers and policy makers. On order to prove the appropriateness of the survey structure, three pilot studies and a pre-test were carried out. As shown in the verification of the subject of study, if, in the cultural industry which was considered to be the blossom of 20th century, the blind running without intervention of reason still keeps its former state and is unable to go beyond history, we will not be able to enter the age of mentality and fall behind. The value of design that we shall judge depends on the dialectic of 'past' and 'present' regarding the principle of enlightenment, and it will open up a new philosophy, a new civilization and a new world.

• Industry Promotion Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2020

Social co-operatives, which are working positively to realize the economic and social purpose of being carried out directly through products and services producing the public interest, are steadily expanding under the public interest mission of social co-operatives. It has important theoretical and practical significance to study the model of social co-operatives tailored to the local situation in Korea based on international experience. This study looks at the international status of social co-operatives, international cases, and puts forward problems and suggestions centering on cases of advanced countries. It sought to find a solution to what society required only by solving the problems necessary for sustainable economic growth. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the social cooperatives of advanced countries, such as Italy, Canada, and France, were organized, compared and analyzed. The study found that the implications of co-operatives in Italy, France and Canada are as follows. First, it is needed to adhere to the principles of co-operatives in pending issues such as social problems and employment and jobs in the community. Second, it is necessary to establish a supportive financial system for the cooperative's initial stability and sustainability. Third, the ecosystem of co-operatives should be formed to support and foster legal systems and network organizations.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2020

Over the last 3 years, the global food 3D printing market has grown at an average annual rate of 31.5% and has shown an industry size that reached about U$ 9.46 billion. Food 3D printing technology has the advantage of being utilizable in diverse ranges because it enables free design of existing foods so that foods can be produced according to individuals' tastes and purposes. Many countries around the world are producing food 3D printers to release trial products such as foods employing the advantages of food 3D printing. They are also attempting to apply food 3D printing in various fields such as combat rations, space rations, restaurants, liquid foods, foods for the elderly, diets for patients, and baby foods. Whereas the 3D printing market, which has a high growth potential and is expected to continue to expand in size, is highly likely to become a blue ocean, not only is food 3D printing technology small in South Korea, but also the overall ratio of 3D printing utilization and the scale of the relevant industry are small. This is attributable to the fact that South Korea has problems such as insufficient institutionalization compared to developed countries and delays in the development of standardized domestic materials. Therefore, this paper is intended to inform the necessity of food 3D printing and describe food 3D printing technology and food 3D materials in order to obtain the additional effect of vitalizing the South Korean food 3D printing market.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.199-212
• /
• 2023

In contrast to the short-term nature of lunar missions in the past, lunar missions in new space era aim to extend the presence on the lunar surface and to use this capability for the Mars exploration. In order to realize extended human presence on the Moon, production and use of consumables and fuels required for the habitation and transportation using in-situ resources is an important prerequisite. The Global Exploration Roadmap presented by the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG), which reflects the space exploration plans of participating countries, shows the phases of progress from lunar surface exploration to Mars exploration and relates in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) capabilities to each phase. Based on the ISRU Gap Assessment Report from the ISECG, ISRU technology is categorized into in-situ propellant and consumable production, in-situ construction, in-space manufacturing, and related areas such as storage and utilization of products, power systems required for resource utilization. Among the lunar resources, leading countries have prioritized the utilization of ice water existing in the permanent shadow region near the lunar poles and the extraction of oxygen from the regolith, and are preparing to investigate the distribution of resources and ice water near the lunar south pole through unmanned landing missions. Resource utilization technologies such as producing hydrogen and oxygen from water by hydroelectrolysis and extracting oxygen from the lunar regolith are being developed and tested in relevant lunar surface analogue environments. It is also observed that each government emphasizes the use and development of the private sector capabilities for sustainable lunar surface exploration by purchasing lunar landing services and providing opportunities to participate in resource exploration and material extraction.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2013

Due to the global warming, international agreements have been propelled by industrialized countries. These days, there are various studies and projects to reduce the carbon emission quantity in South Korea, because South Korea is a strong candidate for a newly industrialized nation by Kyoto Protocol. Therefore, this study arranges plans to create various thematic map by producing database that can manage various datum based on grid spatial objects to manage quantity of forest biomass and carbon dioxide. Moreover, this study designs a system to create forest biomass by using the best method of calculation with LiDAR data and KOMPSAT-2 satellite images. In addition, this study designs a biomass monitoring system for public institutions to register biomass, suggesting actual plans to extract, manage, and utilized forest biomass.