• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2024

A 3-year-old, 20.6 kg, neutered male German Shepherd dog was referred to Kyungpook National University Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital. Clinical examination revealed chronic diarrhea for 6 weeks and a non-tender, distended abdomen without lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. Diarrhea was watery and had a waxing and waning course despite symptomatic treatment. A complete blood count identified mild leukocytosis and mild anemia. Serum biochemistry analysis showed elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and mild hypoalbuminemia. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed mixed echogenicity with absent blood flow at the caudate process of the caudate liver lobe and a small amount of ascites. Computed tomography revealed torsion of the caudate process of the caudate liver lobe and spleen and gas dilatation of the intestine. After establishing a diagnosis of organ torsion on imaging, we deemed the condition an emergency and immediately performed surgery. Given that laparotomy confirmed organ torsion, liver lobectomy, total splenectomy, and prophylactic gastropexy were conducted. The patient was discharged 11 days after surgery without complications. In general, liver lobe torsion and splenic torsion are uncommon in dogs and present with nonspecific clinical signs, such as abdominal pain, lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. In the current case, torsion of the caudate liver lobe and spleen occurred without other clinical signs except for a distended abdomen. Moreover, no reports in dogs have demonstrated the simultaneous occurrence of both diseases.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.125-134
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• 2024

The novel coronavirus 2019 is called COVID-19 has outspread swiftly worldwide. An early diagnosis is more important to control its quick spread. Medical imaging mechanics, chest calculated tomography or chest X-ray, are playing a vital character in the identification and testing of COVID-19 in this present epidemic. Chest X-ray is cost effective method for Covid-19 detection however the manual process of x-ray analysis is time consuming given that the number of infected individuals keep growing rapidly. For this reason, it is very important to develop an automated COVID-19 detection process to control this pandemic. In this study, we address the task of automatic detection of Covid-19 by using a popular deep learning model namely the VGG19 model. We used 1300 healthy and 1300 confirmed COVID-19 chest X-ray images in this experiment. We performed three experiments by freezing different blocks and layers of VGG19 and finally, we used a machine learning classifier SVM for detecting COVID-19. In every experiment, we used a five-fold cross-validation method to train and validated the model and finally achieved 98.1% overall classification accuracy. Experimental results show that our proposed method using the deep learning-based VGG19 model can be used as a tool to aid radiologists and play a crucial role in the timely diagnosis of Covid-19.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to estimate time of biomineralization in developmental stages of rat lower incisors. Eruption length was measured. Four stages of incisor development were identified on histologic and microscopic computerized tomography (micro-CT) sections: (1) preodontoblast, (2) dentin matrix secretion, (3) enamel matrix secretion, and (4) enamel calcification. The overall eruption rate of the rat lower incisor was $600{\pm}70{\mu}m/day$ ($mean{\pm}SD$; n = 12). The length of the enamel secretion was $4.59{\pm}0.75mm$ in histologic section, was $3.64{\pm}0.63mm$ in radiographic section, which converts to $180.4{\pm}30.0hours$, $145{\pm}25hours$ respectively (n = 24). These findings suggested that the four biomineralizing developmental stages of the rat incisor took only several days. The significance of this animal study was to provide understanding for the rapid biomineralization process of developing rat tooth germ by analysis of tooth forming period.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.142-151
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was performed to search the relatively specific brain regions related to the semantic processing of Korean and English words on the one hand and the regions common to both on the other. Materials and Methods: Regional cerebral blood flow associated with different semantic tasks was examined using $[^{15}O]H_2O$ positron omission tomography in 13 healthy volunteers. The tasks consisted of semantic tasks for Korean words, semantic tasks for English words and control tasks using simple pictures. The regions specific and common to each language were identified by the relevant subtraction analysis using statistical parametric mapping. Results: Common to the semantic processing of both words, the activation site was observed in the fusiform gyrus, particularly the left side. In addition, activation of the left inferior temporal gyrus was found only in the semantic processing of English words. The regions specific to Korean words were observed in multiple areas, including the right primary auditory cortex; whereas the regions specific to English words were limited to the right posterior visual area. Conclusion: Internal phonological process is engaged in performing the visual semantic task for Korean words of the high proficiency, whereas visual scanning plays an important role in performing the task for English words of the low proficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.147-151
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• 2009

Purpose: 2-[$^{18}F$]Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([$^{18}F$]FDG) particularly plays as a important role in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging in nuclear medicine. Domestic [$^{18}F$]FDG auto synthesizers are installed in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH) at June 2008, these modules were known that it's synthetic yields were guaranteed in average $45{\pm}5%$ so far. To improve yields and convenience of domestic [$^{18}F$]FDG auto synthesizer, numerous trials in reaction time, base concentration, pressure and temperature were performed to increase [$^{18}F$]FDG yields. Materials and Methods: Several synthetic factors (temperature, time and pressure) and shortcoming were corrected based on many evaporation test. Syringe dispensing of tetra-butylammonium bicarbonate (TBAB) was replaced with micro pipette to prepare tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride salt ([$^{18}F$]TBAF). Troublesome refill of liquid nitrogen every 2 hours which was used to protect vacuum system was changed to charcoal cartridge, base guard filter. To monitor the volume of delivered $[^{18}O]OH_2$ from cyclotron by surveillance camera, we set up the volumetric vial on the cover of the module. In addition to, the recovery vial was added in [$^{18}F$]FDG production system to recover [$^{18}F$]FDG loss due to the leak of valve ($V_{13,14}$) in [$^{18}F$]FDG purification process. Results: When we used micro pipette for adding TBAB ($30\;{\mu}L$ in 12% $H_2O$ in acetonitrile), this quantitative dispensation has enabled to improve $5.5{\pm}1.7%$ residual fluorine-18 activity in fluorine separation cartridge compared to syringe adding. Besides, the synthetic yields of [$^{18}F$]FDG has increased $58{\pm}2.6%$ (n=19), $58{\pm}2.9%$ (n=14), $60%{\pm}2.5%$ (n=17) for 3 months. The life cycle of charcoal cartridge and base vacuum was 3 months prior to filling liquid nitrogen every 2 hours and additional side separator can prevent pump corrosion by organic solvent. After setting of volumetric indicator vial, the operator can easily monitor the total volume of irradiated $[^{18}O]OH_2$ from cyclotron. The recovery vial can be used for the stabilizer when an irregular [$^{18}F$]FDG loss was generated by the leak of valves ($V_{13,14}$). Conclusions: We has optimized appropriate synthetic conditions (temperature, time, pressure) in domestic [$^{18}F$]FDG auto synthesizer. In addition to, the remodeling with several accessories improve yields of domestic [$^{18}F$]FDG auto synthesizer with reliable reproducibility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.369-375
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• 2011

In dental radiography, panoramic views cause distortion and thus may bring about inaccurate results in the process of quantitative analysis. In this connection, there has recently been an increasing use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) that is known to provide high-resolution images and positional information. In this study, a dental computed tomography unit, 'DCT-90-P IMPLAGRAPHY (Vatech, Korea)', was applied to 20 patients for 24 seconds respectively, with a tube voltage of 85kVp and a tube current of 7mA. The data of CBCT were three-dimensionally reconstructed by use of a computer program, and were histomorphometrically analyzed. The results showed that the diameter of mandibular canal is less distorted at a certain inclination of the mandibular body. The image tends to seem more distended in proportion to the distance between the subject and film. Also, the image tends to be affected according as it is out of focus. In conclusion, it requires that the image should be reconstructed in light of anatomic position and structure.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.372-380
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this prospective pilot study was to compare alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) procedures with open-healing approach using a single-layer and a double-layer coverage with collagen membranes using radiographic and clinical analyses. Methods: Eleven molars from 9 healthy patients requiring extraction of the maxillary or mandibular posterior teeth were included and allocated into 2 groups. After tooth extraction, deproteinized bovine bone mineral mixed with 10% collagen was grafted into the socket and covered either with a double-layer of resorbable non-cross-linked collagen membranes (DL group, n=6) or with a single-layer (SL group, n=5). Primary closure was not obtained. Cone-beam computed tomography images were taken immediately after the ARP procedure and after a healing period of 4 months before implant placement. Radiographic measurements were made of the width and height changes of the alveolar ridge. Results: All sites healed without any complications, and dental implants were placed at all operated sites with acceptable initial stability. The measurements showed that the reductions in width at the level 1 mm apical from the alveolar crest (including the bone graft) were $-1.7{\pm}0.5mm$ in the SL group and $-1.8{\pm}0.4mm$ in the DL group, and the horizontal changes in the other areas were also similar in the DL and SL groups. The reductions in height were also comparable between groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, single-layer and double-layer coverage with collagen membranes after ARP failed to show substantial differences in the preservation of horizontal or vertical dimensions or in clinical healing. Thus, both approaches seem to be suitable for open-healing ridge preservation procedures.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1061-1065
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• 2013

Objective: To investigate the treatment effect of additional information obtained by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) lung perfusion imaging (LPI) in the radiotherapy planning process for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: 39 patients with stage III NSCLC were enrolled. Gross tumor volume (GTV) was outlined by SPECT/CT images, SPECT-LPIs being used to define functional lung (FL) and non-functional lung (NFL) regions. Two sets of IMRT plans were designed to deliver 64Gy to PTV. One was a regular IMRT plan using CT images only (Plan 1), and the other was a corresponding IMRT plan using co-registered images (Plan 2). $FL_{Vx}$ (the % volume of functional lung receiving ${\geq}$x Gy) and $WL_{Vx}$ (% volume of whole lung to receive ${\geq}$x Gy) were compared by paired Student's t test. Kendalls correlation was used to analyze the factor (s) related with the FLV20 decrease. Results: Compared with plan 1, both $WL_{Vx}$ and $FL_{Vx}$ were decreased in plan 2. $WL_{V10}$, $WL_{V15}$, $WL_{V20}$, $WL_{V25}$, $WL_{V30}$ and $WL_{V35}$ decreased 9.7%, 13.8%, 17.2%, 12.9%, 9.8% and 9.8%, and $FL_{V10}$, $FL_{V15}$, $FL_{V20}$, $FL_{V25}$, $FL_{V30}$ and $FL_{V35}$ decreased 10.8%, 14.6%, 17.3%, 14.5%, 14.5% and 10.5%. $FL_{Vx}$ decreased significantly compared with $WL_{Vx}$. There were significant differences in $WL_{V10}$, $WL_{V15}$, $WL_{V20}$, $WL_{V25}$, $WL_{V3}$ and $FL_{V10}$, $FL_{V15}$, $FL_{V20}$, $FL_{V25}$, $FL_{V30}$ between plan 1 and plan 2 (P=0.002, 0.000, 0.000, 0.005, 0.027 and 0.002, 0.000, 0.000, 0.006, 0.010). According to Kendall correlation analysis, NFL had a negative relation with the percentage FLV20 decrease (r=-0.559, P<0.01), while the distance of PTV and NFL center had a significantly positive relation with the percentage of FLV20 decrease (r=0.768, P<0.01). Conclusion: Routine use of SPECT-LPI for patients undergoing radiotherapy planning for stage III NSCLC appears warranted.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2010

Emerging technologies such as four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) is expected to allow clinicians to accurately model interfractional motion and to quantitatively estimate internal target volumes (ITVs) for radiation therapy involving moving targets. A need exists for a 4D radiation therapy quality assurance (QA) device that can incorporate and analyze the patient specific intrafractional motion as it relate to dose delivery and respiratory gating. We built a 4D RT prototype device and analyzed the patient-specific 4D radiation therapy QA for 2D dose distributions successfully. With more improvements, the 4D RT QA prototype device could be an integral part of a 4D RT decision process to confirm the dose delivery.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.177-183
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• 2010

A focused ion beam (FIB) system produces a beam of positive ions (usually gallium) which are heavier than electrons and can be focused by electrostatic lenses into a spot on the specimen. With its ability milling of the specimen material by 10 to 100 nm with each pass of the beam, FIB is widely adopted in materials science, semiconductor industry, and ceramics research. Recently, FIB has been increasingly employed in the field of biomedical sciences. Here we provide a brief introduction to FIB and its applications for a wide variety of biomedical research. The surface of specimen can be in situ processed and quasi-real time visualized by two beam combination of FIB and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Due to its milling process, internal structures can be exposed and analyzed: yeast cells, fungus-inoculated wheat leaf, mannitol particles in inhalation aerosols, and oyster shell. Serial blockface tomography with the system kindles 3-dimensional reconstruction researches in the realm of nervous system and life sciences. Two-beam system of FIB/FESEM is a versatile tool to be utilized in the biomedical sciences, especially in 3-dimensional reconstruction studies.