• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2008

In this study, changes in total trans fatty acid (tFA) and fat contents were determined in soybean oil, shortening, and olive oil after potato sticks were fried 30 consecutive times, respectively. Prior to frying, the potato sticks contained 3.8% fat, with 43.2% tFAs, After the first frying in soybean oil, the total tFA content of the potato sticks sharply decreased to 3.2%, and then it gradually increased to 8.1 % after 30 consecutive times of frying. However, the total fat content of the potato sticks, fried in soybean oil increased to 15.2% after the first frying and thereafter it decreased to 9.75% with 30 repeated episodes of frying. When the potato sticks were fried in olive oil, similar changes in tFA and fat contents were shown; while such changes were not observed when shortening was used. After 30 consecutive frying events, the tFA contents in the soybean oil and olive oil increased to 4.15 and 5.75%, respectively; however, such an increase was not observed in the shortening. One can assume that most of the tFAs in the fried oils were from the potato sticks, which contained relatively high tFA content during the repeated deep-frying process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.279-280
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.861-864
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• 1997

Singulation is a process that cutting for separating a chip individually after finishing packaging process(micro BGA etc.). For shortening the process of singulation, we proposed the singulation using multi-blade. This paper introduced a method of multi-blade singulation and investigated a result of application and problems. The efficiency of singulation process was improved five times better than the single-blade by the singulation using Multi-blade.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

The Pertamina Energy Tower (PET) and Manhattan West North Tower (MWNT) are two supertall towers recently designed and engineered by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM). The structural system for both buildings consists of an interior reinforced concrete core and a perimeter moment frame system, which is primarily structural steel. As is typical for tall towers with both concrete and steel elements, staged construction analysis was performed in order to account for the long term effects of creep and shrinkage, which result in differential shortening between the interior concrete core and steel perimeter frame. The particular design of each tower represents two extremes of behavior; PET has a robust connection between the perimeter and core in the form of three sets of outriggers, while the perimeter columns of MWNT do not reach the ground, but are transferred to the core above the base. This paper will present a comparison of the techniques used during the analysis and construction stages of the design process with the goal of understanding the differences in structural behavior of these two building systems in response to the long term effects of creep and shrinkage. This paper will also discuss the design and construction techniques implemented in order to minimize the differential shortening between the interior and exterior over the lifespan of these towers.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.409-417
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• 2017

The study is concerned with doing research on the plan to prevent the dispute occurring between contract parties regarding the additional cost generated when the construction period is shortened during construction work. After the review of the claim cases and the judgment cases of the court regarding the additional cost caused by the shortened construction period, the representative problem is the incomplete regulations on calculating the additional cost. In the 1st stage of the results of the research on the problem, the procedure handling the additional cost is presented, and the process of planning and approving the shortening of the construction period is gone through in the stage of the procedure to prevent the dispute on the additional cost between contract parties. In the 2nd stage, the plan on enacting and revising the regulations on removing the incomplete problems of the current regulations relating to the calculation of the additional cost. The basis for the advanced contract management is provided by resolving the incomplete problems of the current regulations relating to the shortening of the construction period with the prevention of a dispute and the resultant loss.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.6 no.2 s.20
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• pp.77-83
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• 2006

The planning process of complex projects in tall building is characterized by the cooperation of many involved specialists and by a high degree of information exchange. In order to improve the quality of the structural design of tall buildings, information of different involved partners in the planning process has to be integrated. This paper aims to introduce a concept of the integrated structural design for the tall building using STEP(Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data). In this study, the entities of mass, column shortening, and serviceability evaluation for structural design in tall buildings are proposed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.100-108
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• 2007

The purpose of the research is to propose an integrated project planning process and its implementation method. Although there is increasing interest in the application of the Earned Value Management(EVM) method in the project management area, the progress and maturity of the technical performance have not been included in assessing the Earned Value. The main concept of the planning process is to use cost, schedule, as well as the technical performance in the assessment of the Earned Value Management for Military R&D project management practices. The resulting process can enhance the efficiency of the project work by eliminating the currently duplicated activities between traditional project planning process and the newly implemented Earned Value Management process and by shortening the early planning process duration of projects adopting EVM practices.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2010

The various designs are preferred as well as IT appliances development of the internet based with consumer needs. It's real that the tool development technology of shortened lead time is also requested for production tool fabrication for the launch of new products. A process technology for shortening tool development period was one of the very important practical education from tooling suppliers related to mold development, and we are in competition with having the three elements of short due date, the quality and the production cost for new products. In this paper, the tooling development education and training program with current product development won't be systematic, and we hope to improve educational training process lacking in the reality and to advance the application model of practical centered education and training program of practical technology ability improvement and process technology improvement for shorting tool development period which can be performed at the workplace substantially.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.258-263
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• 1996

The styloid process is a slender, cylindrical bony outgrowth located immediately in front of the stylomastoid foramen and fused to the inferior aspect of the temporal bone. The elongated styloid process is not so frequent and the styloid syndrome is a dull, nagging pain in the oropharynx, often referred to the ear and the mastoid region. The symptoms are secondary stimulation of the nerves and vessels which pass close to the tip of the process. The clinical diagnosis is certain if the elongated styloid process is palpated through the tonsillar area. Radiologic investigation give information about the length of the styloid process and medial angulation. The treatment of choice is surgical shortening of the process. Recently, the authors experienced a case of elongated styloid syndrome misdiagnosed as pharyngeal neurosis in a 28 year-old male patient.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.289-290
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• 2021

The PC system has advantages in terms of project management, such as shortening the construction period and reducing costs. However, it is difficult to activate the technology due to insufficient application of the technology. Therefore, there is a need for a strategy to expand and activate the PC system. This study is a basic research for PC construction project management, and its purpose is to derive the entire construction process from factory production of PC components to on-site construction. In this study, the construction process of the PC system was derived through literature review, and the main matters for the construction process management of PC system were confirmed in the analysis process. In the future, the results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for research for PC project management, such as deriving construction classification and calculating construction periods.