• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.325-338
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• 1993

This study was conducted to evaluate the methods used in nursing procedures for infection control. Skilled nursing procedures are related to prevention of hospital infection. The sample consisted of 301 nurses’ response to the questionnaire. Data were collected from Feb. to March, 1993 from 35 hospitals located in five major cities. The findings of the study are as follows : 1) Rotatively unsafe nursing procedures were reported for preperation of IV therapy, change of IV site and aseptic dressing on IV site, hand wash-ing and use of paper towels, use of sterile urine bottle with indwelling urinary catheter, management of dressing cart, disinfection of transfer forcep, ambu respirator, laryngoscope, humidifier and handling of incubator. 2) Relatively safe nursing procedures were reported for management of suction tube, marking for contaminated materials and waste collection. The rate of participation in education programs for infection control by the nurses was higher than in other research results. 3) Further study on procedures for IV site in-fusion and care of dressing cart are recommended.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2009

When the measurement method for a performance variable is destructive or expensive, it is profitable to replace the performance variable with a highly correlated surrogate variable. In this paper we propose screening procedures using a surrogate variable with specified producer's and consumer's risks. Blending the basic concepts of acceptance sampling plans and screening procedures, the proposed model can be used effectively by quality professionals. Two models are considered: the normal model with dichotomous performance and continuous surrogate variables, and the bivariate normal model with continuous performance and surrogate variables. It is assumed the surrogate variable given the performance variable is normally distributed in the normal model, and performance and surrogate variables are jointly normally distributed in the bivariate normal model. For the two models, producer's and consumer's risks are derived, and methods of finding the optimal screening procedures are presented. Numerical examples are also given.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2020

Recently, various lasers and energy-based devices (EBDs) have been widely used in aesthetic procedures. Although using lasers and energy-based aesthetic procedures presents a potential risk to doctors, nurses, and patients, aesthetic procedures tend to be performed without the necessary precautions. For injury prevention, it is essential to follow safety rules and be aware of potential accidents. Furthermore, it is important to understand the basic principles of the devices, including the different optical and electrical properties. Acquiring the exact knowledge to control a device is important for two reasons; to maintain a safer operating environment and prolong the lifespan of expensive devices. This review briefly summarizes the knowledge needed for better and safer aesthetic procedures and the proper control of aesthetic devices.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.406-413
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is the consolidation of several methods in fabrication of Konus denture. It is different Konus denture from traditional Clasped removable partial denture in the procedures of construction. There are multiple procedures of fabrications of inner and outer crowns in the construction of Konus denture. It is important to fabricate the inner crown, the outer crown and the denture framework in construction of Konus denture. Each procedure should be performed exactly. However, there are many procedures in fabrications of them, and thus, the operator and technician bear trial and error. This article consolidate the multiple methods of fabrications of components of Konus denture. The first method is completion of inner crown, outer crown and denture after one impression taking. The second method is the procedures of cementation of inner crown, impression taking of edentulous area, and completion of outer crown and denture. The third method is the procedures or pick up impression taking of inner crown and completion of outer crown and denture on the inner crown of working cast. Each method is acceptable, but operater and technician should be accustomed with their own systemic procedures and minimize the errors in the construction of denture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 2003

This paper surveys and researches primary school students' situation of their school life. The purpose of this paper is to propose the basic information of the accident prevention teaching and the safety management in order to avoid accidents to occur beforehand. We selected m primary students out of the six primary schools in Taebaek City at which the nursing students of Kangwon Tourism College practiced school health. We used SPSS Win for analyzing data. We carne up with the general characteristics and percentage using frequency analysis, mean and standard deviation of each item, the mean difference using T-Test, and the different factors using one-way analysis. The results are as follows: 1. The 6th grade students don't practice safety procedures than the 5th grade students during outside the school. The older the student is, the less it practices safety procedures. 2. Boys practice safety procedures better than the girls during inside and outside the school. 3. Hot -tempered students don't practice safety procedures properly. 4. Most of the students who often use the health room of the school have high scores in safety procedures test and as a result, these students practice safety procedures thoroughly. 5. The grade of safety living activity is the highest during gymnastic class. Next is when the students use the stairs when they are going up and clown. Then, the use of science room In the playground is the lowest grade of safety for living activity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.126-134
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• 2019

Nowadays, since there are so many big data available everywhere, those big data can be used to find useful information to improve design and operation by using various analysis methods such as data mining. Especially if we have event log data that has execution history data of an organization such as case_id, event_time, event (activity), performer, etc., then we can apply process mining to discover the main process model in the organization. Once we can find the main process from process mining, we can utilize it to improve current working environment. In this paper we developed a new method to find a final diagnosis of a patient, who needs several procedures (medical test and examination) to diagnose disease of the patient by using process mining approach. Some patients can be diagnosed by only one procedure, but there are certainly some patients who are very difficult to diagnose and need to take several procedures to find exact disease name. We used 2 million procedure log data and there are 397 thousands patients who took 2 and more procedures to find a final disease. These multi-procedure patients are not frequent case, but it is very critical to prevent wrong diagnosis. From those multi-procedure taken patients, 4 procedures were discovered to be a main process model in the hospital. Using this main process model, we can understand the sequence of procedures in the hospital and furthermore the relationship between diagnosis and corresponding procedures.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2014

Lane Keeping Assistance System(LKAS) is a kind of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems(ADAS) which are developed to automate/ adapt/ enhance vehicle systems for safety and better driving. The main system function of LKAS is to support the driver in keeping the vehicle within the current lane. LKAS acquires information on the position of the vehicle within the lane and, when required, sends commands to actuators to influence the lateral movement of the vehicle. Recently, the vehicles equipped with LKAS are commercially available in a few vehicle-advanced countries and the installation of LKAS increases for safety enhancement. The test procedures for LKAS evaluations are being discussed and developed in international committees such as ISO(the International Organization for Standardization). In Korea, the evaluations of LKAS for vehicle safety are planned to be introduced in 2016 KNCAP(Korean New Car Assessment Program). Therefore, the test procedures of LKAS suitable for domestic road and traffic conditions, which accommodate international standards, should be developed. In this paper, some bullet points of the test procedures for LKAS are discussed by extensive researches of previous documents and reports, which are released in public in regard to lateral test procedures including LKAS and Lane Departure Warning System(LDWS). Later, it can be helpful to make a draft considering domestic traffic situations for test procedures of LKAS.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.57-77
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which dental laboratories use proper materials, procedures, devices, and equipments to fabricate crown & bridge, PFM(Porcelain Fused to Metal) crown & bridge, partial denture, complete denture, and other prosteses. 100 laboratories in Seoul were selected for this investigation. Questionnaires were constructed focusing on five topocs:crown & bridge, PFM crown & bridge, partial denture, complete denture, and other prostheses. The results from this survey were as follows : 1. Most dental laboratories used old, inexpensive, and familiar materials rather than newly developed ones. 2. Most of the dental technicians did not stick to the standard procedures of handling materials, but to their own experiences. 3. Newly developed equipments to fabricate dental prostheses were possessed by nearly 30% dental laboratories. 4. About 80% of dental laboratories were using the procedures they had learned in the school : die trimming for accurate crown margin and softening heat treatment after RPD gold casting. But less than 30% of laboratories were shown to follow the boxing procedure to produce master cast and laboratory remounting in the process of complete denture. The findings show that dental laboratory procedures to fabricate dental prostheses are incomplete and inaccurate in some instances. So, further studies are neededs to clarify the causes of some inaccurate procedures, the better and more equipments should be supplied to produce the more accurate dental posthesis, and more efforts at enancing the appropriate use of dental materials and procedures should be made.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.233-241
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• 2020

Vagal damage and subsequent pyloric denervation inevitably occur during esophagectomy, potentially leading to delayed gastric emptying (DGE). The choice of an optimal pyloric procedure to overcome DGE is important, as such procedures can lead to prolonged surgery, shortening of the conduit, disruption of the blood supply, and gastric dumping/bile reflux. This study investigated various pyloric methods and analyzed comparative studies in order to determine the optimal pyloric procedure. Surgical procedures for the pylorus include pyloromyotomy, pyloroplasty, or digital fracture. Botulinum toxin injection, endoscopic balloon dilatation, and erythromycin are non-surgical procedures. The scope, technique, and effects of these procedures are changing due to advances in minimally invasive surgery and postoperative interventions. Some comparative studies have shown that pyloric procedures are helpful for DGE, while others have argued that it is difficult to reach an objective conclusion because of the variety of definitions of DGE and evaluation methods. In conclusion, recent advances in interventional technology and minimally invasive surgery have led to questions regarding the practice of pyloric procedures. However, many clinicians still perform them and they are at least somewhat effective. To provide guidance on the optimal pyloric procedure, DGE should first be defined clearly, and a large-scale study with an objective evaluation method will then be required.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.204-209
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• 2006

Objective : The authors retrospectively evaluate the benefits of the various pain procedures for the treatment of low back pain unresponsive to conservative management. Methods : Over a period of 2 years from May 2002 and June 2004, the authors had performed various pain procedures on 106 patients with low back pain. Epidural block, facet joint block, sacroiliac joint block, and myofascial block were included among various pain procedures. The pain improvement, period of analgesic use, and degree of satisfaction were evaluated 1 day, 4 weeks, and 6 months after injections. The outcome of pain procedures was analyzed by using a modified Macnab criteria. Results : Sixty-four patients had a single procedure with no combination and 42 patients [39.6%] received the combination of the various pain procedure. Regardless of the single or combination cases of procedure, combination of appropriate spinal level on each procedure was conducted in 104 [98.1%]. Mean follow up period was 12.2 months. Eighty-two patients [77.4%] experienced significant pain relief and overall analgesic medication was reduced in 91 patients [85.8%] at 6 months after procedure. Unfavorable results were demonstrated in 10 patients. Permanent procedural complications did not occur. Conclusion : The various pain procedures are the possible therapeutic option for low back pain unresponsive to conservative management including medication or physical therapy.