• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2024

We Design The problem of underdeveloped areas is emerging as a social problem. Industrialization drove the population to the cities, creating underdeveloped areas. Underdeveloped areas are causing social problems such as population decline and aging. It is necessary to study the continuous tourism development of underdeveloped areas through development and improvement projects. Using social media big data to investigate keywords in underdeveloped areas and see the connection between keywords. The purpose of this study was to conduct core research divided by type and to investigate the keywords of tourism in underdeveloped areas through concor analysis of underdeveloped areas. As a result of the study, keywords were connected for each type of redevelopment, regional development, regional economy, and underdeveloped areas. Through this, the keywords for sustainable tourism in underdeveloped areas were identified. It is hoped that this study will develop sustainable tourism for the keywords of underdeveloped areas.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.239-249
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• 2003

Waste policy instruments such as garbage bag-fee system and recycling policy initiated in 1995 have contributed to the reduction of solid waste generation. Rural areas now produce less amount of solid wastes in terms of per capital than urban areas and as compare to a decade ago. However, most policy efforts since the early 1990s related to waste issue have been concentrated in urban areas. Waste problems in rural areas are not the amount itself, but the specific characteristics which are unique in rural regions. Large portion of solid wastes and farming wastes are being illegally treated and/or burned out. Surveys show that the main reasons for the illegal treatment of rural wastes are th lack of systematic policy tools targeting on them, insufficient financial capacity and man power of local governments, rural people's cognition problem about wastes, among others. This study reviews current features of the treatment of rural solid wastes and provides policy suggestions for the resolution of the problem.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2001

According as the elderly population has been increasing in rural areas, Korea will be facing a serious elderly problem in the near future. To cope with the coming elderly problem, social welfare services and elderly housing need to be carefully prepared. Especially, elderly housing has been recognized to be promising to solve the great portion of the problem. Therefore, I try, in this study, to show the theoretical bases on the residential environment for the elderly households, and to survey and analyze the residential environment and consciousness of them in rural areas. The result of this study will be expected to be a reference to the housing planning for the elderly household in rural areas.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.607-622
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• 2015

This paper presents a comparative study of analytical method and finite element method (FEM) for analysis of a continuous contact problem. The problem consists of two elastic layers loaded by means of a rigid circular punch and resting on semi-infinite plane. It is assumed that all surfaces are frictionless and only compressive normal tractions can be transmitted through the contact areas. Firstly, analytical solution of the problem is obtained by using theory of elasticity and integral transform techniques. Then, finite element model of the problem is constituted using ANSYS software and the two dimensional analysis of the problem is carried out. The contact stresses under rigid circular punch, the contact areas, normal stresses along the axis of symmetry are obtained for both solutions. The results show that contact stresses and the normal stresses obtained from finite element method (FEM) provide boundary conditions of the problem as well as analytical results. Also, the contact areas obtained from finite element method are very close to results obtained from analytical method; disagree by 0.03-1.61%. Finally, it can be said that there is a good agreement between two methods.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-65
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to structure finance management education programme and to provide basic data orienting finance service system by means of analyzing the level of financial problem and its influential variables. The following is the result of this study: First, the level of financial problem perceived by housewife in urban areas is in the following order ; property which is perceived the least. Second, the level of financial problem perceived by housewife in urban areas is dependant on housewife age, husband education level, husband occupation, the degree of property, the degree of debts, tendency of fortune control, tendency of materialism, feeling of appropriate resource. It is especially noting that housewife in forties shows high level of financial of financial problem recognition than housewife in twenties does. This indicates needs for middle for middle-aged home management in which happens house moving to larger size, education of children, marriage of children, preparation for stabilization basis after children’s marriage, and shortage of surplus money. Third, variables which affect all sub-areas are family property sum, tendency of materialism, feeding of appropriate resources. The less family property sum, the stronger tendency of materialism, and the more perceive feeling of appropriate resources, the more perceive they financial problems.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.157-166
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• 2013

Unlike conventional BTO(Build-Transfer-Operate) projects, this BTL project aims at fixing the financial deficiencies of the government and expanding infrastructure through private capital. It allows the government to attract private capital for the construction of public facilities such as schools and social welfare agencies for whom private users don't need to pay, thereby bolstering national finance. BTL projects are causing a variety problems in progress. Therefore, we are required a practical approach to can improving a variety problems. In this study, we were derive the problem areas as follow. First, research data on the problem of domestic BTL projects, Second, high-performing foreign data analysis than domestic. And, we were analyzed to systematic management method for problem areas by using affinity techniques, matrix comparison analysis, AHP technique. Results of this study are expected provide management standards through real problem areas and the analyzing of relatively importance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.537-540
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• 2000

The Distribution System consist of many tie-line switches and sectionalizing switches, operated a radial type. When an outage occurs in Distribution System, outage areas are isolated by system switches, has to restored as soon as possible. At this time, system operator have to get a information about network topology for service restoration of outage areas. Therefore, the searching result of restorative topology has to fast computation time and reliable result topology for to restore a electric service to outage areas, equal to optimal switching operation problem. So, the problem can be defined as combinatorial optimization problem. The service restoration problem is so important problem which have outage area minimization, outage loss minimization. Many researcher is applying to the service restoration problem with various techniques. In this paper, advanced Dijkstra algorithm is applied to searching a restoration topology, is so efficient to searching a shortest path in graph type network. Additionally, fuzzy rules and operator are applied to overcome a fuzziness of correlation with input data. The present technique has superior results which are fast computation time and searching results than previous researches, demonstrated by example distribution model system which has 3 feeders, 26 buses. For a application capability to real distribution system, additionally demonstrated by real distribution system of KEPCO(Korea Electric Power Corporation) which has 8 feeders and 140 buses.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 1991

In recent years parking problems have been rapidly highlighted. Particularly on-street parking has become a very serious problem so an immediate action needs to be taken to resolve this problem. On-steet parking is attributable not only to insufficient capacity of parking lots but also to the facts that must of the parking lots are far away from the destinations to which drivers intend to go and that their locations are unclear. The effect of on-street parking is so great as to cause road traffic problems such as traffic jam and danger to road safety as well as to lead to obstructing business activities resulting in a decline of commercial areas. Therefore on-street parking is an important problem for a city as a whole. In this paper I have investigated a parking lot information and guiding system as one of the techniques to resolve the on-street parking problem and have clarified the effect of introducing this system and necessary conditions for implementing an optimum information and guiding system. Moreover I have pointed out the problems to be encountered in imp-lementing such system in areas not equipped with infrastructures taking into account the road conditions in these areas and have stated that it would be necessary to develop a new idea of information and guiding system in order to overcome these problems. I have suggested a Shot Gun Method as a proposal and have discussed extensibility of this method in the future.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.78 no.5
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• pp.585-597
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• 2021

This paper presents a comparative study of analytical method, finite element method (FEM) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) for analysis of a contact problem. The problem consists of a functionally graded (FG) layer resting on a half plane and pressed with distributed load from the top. Firstly, analytical solution of the problem is obtained by using theory of elasticity and integral transform techniques. The problem is reduced a system of integral equation in which the contact pressure are unknown functions. The numerical solution of the integral equation was carried out with Gauss-Jacobi integration formulation. Secondly, finite element model of the problem is constituted using ANSYS software and the two-dimensional analysis of the problem is carried out. The results show that contact areas and the contact stresses obtained from FEM provide boundary conditions of the problem as well as analytical results. Thirdly, the contact problem has been extended based on the MLP. The MLP with three-layer was used to calculate the contact distances. Material properties and loading states were created by giving examples of different values were used at the training and test stages of MLP. Program code was rewritten in C++. As a result, average deviation values such as 0.375 and 1.465 was obtained for FEM and MLP respectively. The contact areas and contact stresses obtained from FEM and MLP are very close to results obtained from analytical method. Finally, this study provides evidence that there is a good agreement between three methods and the stiffness parameters has an important effect on the contact stresses and contact areas.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.415-422
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• 2014

This paper presents a new approach to solve the multi area unit commitment problem (MAUCP) using an evolutionary programming based particle swarm optimization (EPPSO) method. The objective of this paper is to determine the optimal or near optimal commitment schedule for generating units located in multiple areas that are interconnected via tie lines. The evolutionary programming based particle swarm optimization method is used to solve multi area unit commitment problem, allocated generation for each area and find the operating cost of generation for each hour. Joint operation of generation resources can result in significant operational cost savings. Power transfer between the areas through the tie lines depends upon the operating cost of generation at each hour and tie line transfer limits. Case study of four areas with different load pattern each containing 7 units (NTPS) and 26 units connected via tie lines have been taken for analysis. Numerical results showed comparing the operating cost using evolutionary programming-based particle swarm optimization method with conventional dynamic programming (DP), evolutionary programming (EP), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. Experimental results show that the application of this evolutionary programming based particle swarm optimization method has the potential to solve multi area unit commitment problem with lesser computation time.