• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.440-444
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• 2018

Purpose: Cloud-computing technology has several advantages, including maintenance, management, accessibility, and computing power. A greenhouse-control system utilizing these advantages was developed using a private cloud-computing system. Methods: A private cloud needs a collection of servers and a suite of software tools to monitor and control cloud-computing resources. In this study, a server farm, operated by OpenStack as a cloud platform, was constructed using servers, and other network devices. Results: The greenhouse-control system was developed according to the fundamental cloud service models: infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and software as a service. This system has four additional advantages - security, control function, public data use, and data exchange. There are several considerations that must be addressed, such as service level agreement, data ownership, security, and the differences between users. Conclusions: When the advantages are utilized and the considerations are addressed, cloud-computing technology will be beneficial for agricultural use.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.800-807
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• 2009

The limited public funds available for infrastructure projects have led governments to consider private entities' participation in long-term contracts for finance, construction, and operation of these projects to share risks and rewards between the public and the private. Because these projects have complicated risk evolutions, diverse contractual forms for each project member to hedge risks involved in a project are necessary. In light of this, Build-Operate-Transfer(BOT) model is considered as effective to accomplish Public Private Partnerships(PPPs) with a characteristic of an ownership-reversion. In BOT projects, the government has used such an incentive system as minimum revenue guarantee(MRG) agreement to attract the private's participation. Although this agreement turns out critical in success of BOT project, there still exist problematic issues in a financial feasibility analysis since the traditional capital budgeting theory, Net Present Value(NPV) analysis, has failed to evaluate the contingent characteristic of MRG agreement. The purpose of this research is to develop real option model based on option pricing theory so as to provide a theoretical framework in valuing MRG agreement in BOT projects. To understand the applicability of the model, the model is applied to the example of the BOT toll road project and the results are compared with that by NPV analysis. Finally, we found that the impact of the MRG agreement is significant on the project value. Hence, the real option model can help the government establish better BOT policies and the developer make appropriate bidding strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.587-600
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• 2011

This study presents the strategic directions for Korean multi-brand fashion stores by running in-depth industry research and market analysis. Over 20 professionals were selected from Korean multi-brand fashion stores for this study and in-depth interviews were conducted to evaluate related subjects. The results of the study were as follows. First, Korean multi-brand fashion stores could be classified into three criteria: operating ownership, merchandise mix, and store identity. Second, operating ownership criterion was chosen for further investigations of strategies and directions of the multi-brand fashion stores. The operating ownership criterion consists of three types; department store types, specialty store types, and boutique types. Each type deploys different buying practice, organizational strategies, and distribution channels. Lastly, the suggested strategic directions for each type are summarized as follows. The 'department store type' should utilize its strong direct buying capabilities and acquisition of merchandising can be more effectively managed. The store should utilize its strong buying power as a tool to develop new private brands (PBs). For 'specialty store type', two key factors have been derived: market share expansion and positioning themselves to become a new distribution channel. To respond to these factors, the store needs to be perceived as a brand then diversify its business. Strengthening its brand will allow it to expand into a new distribution channel and also enable a strategic partnership with its competitor brands. The factors influencing 'boutique type' is personalization and uniqueness. With an emphasis on the uniqueness of products and merchandising it will be able to implement the role as a personal shopper and stylist to provide a very personalized service to its customers.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.1165-1172
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• 2016

In cloud storage environment, deduplication enables efficient use of the storage. Also, in order to save network bandwidth, cloud storage service provider has introduced client-side deduplication. Cloud storage service users want to upload encrypted data to ensure confidentiality. However, common encryption method cannot be combined with deduplication, because each user uses a different private key. Also, client-side deduplication can be vulnerable to security threats because file tag replaces the entire file. Recently, proof of ownership schemes have suggested to remedy the vulnerabilities of client-side deduplication. Nevertheless, client-side deduplication over encrypted data still causes problems in efficiency and security. In this paper, we propose a secure and practical client-side encrypted data deduplication scheme that has resilience to brute force attack and performs proof of ownership over encrypted data.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to estimate cesarean section rate in Korea and analyze characteristics of health care institution which affect regional variation in the rate. We have searched vaginal and cesarean section deliveries among Diagnosis Related Group dat based upon insurance claim bills which have been submitted to Korean Insurance Corporation for two years since March, 1985. The results are as follows: 1. Out of all delivery cases of 87,500, cesarean section rate was 16.3% (14,299 cases). 2. Cesarean section rate varied according to size and ownership of health care institutions. In above 6- bed sized hospitals, the rate was at about 20% higher than small sized institutions, but rather in hospitals that have more than 500 beds, it was somewhat low. Classified by the hospital ownership, the rate was low at 18.4% in hospitals of religious organization and highest at private or corporate hospitals. 3. This study shows large regional variation in cesarean section rate; there are two times differences between region with the highest and lowest rate. Strongly related factors in that variation was the ownership of health care institution and urbanization variables. Low level of cesarean section rate in a region is explained by high proportion of delivery cases at institutions of religious organization and at insitutions in county level site. This result shows that apart from medical conditions of patients, indications of cesarean section differs from health care providers, and especially ownership of institution strongly affect them. Cesarean section rate in Korea is supposed to be at high level and development of utilization review programs to keep appropriate cesarean section rate is needed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.319-325
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• 2023

This study investigates the impact of over-investment on the market value of cash holdings. In addition, this paper examines whether the effect of over-investment on the value of cash holdings differs depending on firms' ownership structure. The results show that increase in over-investment reduces the market value of cash holdings. This suggests that investors perceive that over-investment deteriorates future business performance and generates excessive burdens on future cash flows. As a result, they provide negative evaluation on the market value of cash holdings. In addition, the negative impact of over-investment on the market value of cash holdings is more significant for owner manager firms where managers hold a high level of equity. Such empirical results imply that owner manager firms are more likely to use their cash holdings for private interest, therefore, over-investment reduces the cash value to a greater extent. This study provides empirical evidence that the effect of over-investment on the market value of cash holdings varies depending on the characteristics of firms' ownership structure.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.105-126
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• 2014

This study analyzed policies and guides related to the acquisition of private records at state/provincial archives in the U.S., Canada, and Australia. The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of collecting private records in the governmental archives. The analysis was made based on policies and guides from 14 state/provincial archives, including five in the US, seven in Canada, and two in Australia. From the analysis, the study examined collection areas, types of private records, and colleting methods, such as donation or deposit. It also studied the considerations on transferring copyright, placing access restrictions, and disposing of records. The study made the following suggestions for collecting private records at public archives in Korea: (1) define the collecting areas of private records relevant to the characteristics of a region; (2) determine the acquisition methods, including donation or deposit, and establish a procedure to make an agreement for the transfer of ownership, including copyright, access restriction, and disposal of records; (3) develop cooperation among the related institutions within a region.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2000

This study investigated the effect of socio-demographic variables and the ownership of asset and the other types of debts on the use of a specific type of household debt. Household debts were categorized into six types according to borrowing sources: debts from banks, other financial institutes, employers, private sources, Gye, and retailers. The 1996 Korean Household Panel Study were analyzed using logistic model. It was found that socio-demographic factors influenced differently on the probabilities of debt holdings according to the types of debt. There were interrelationships among the ownerships of a specific type of debt and other types of debt and asset.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.5-13
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• 2015

Purpose - In recent years, concerns over privatization have been growing in some public sectors. Privatization in Britain offers lessons for those who have intended to privatize their industry, and in particular, the port industry. Therefore, it is useful for researchers to examine British port privatization in detail, particularly the implications of UK port privatization. Research design, data, and methodology - After reviewing the historical development of the UK port industry, the important factors determining the success of the British port privatization process were identified. The interpretations could be lessons for some other country to consider port privatization in near future. Results - The key factors in relation to port privatization are first, regulation; second, ownership; and third, utilities and operations, which includes autonomy, efficiency, and competitiveness. In addition, the UK port management system is a pure private port system, which has been successful. Conclusions - In Britain, after deciding to privatize the erstwhile public ports, they were fully privatized, focusing on the aforesaid key factors. This offers important lessons for the privatization of other ports in the world.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.3
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• pp.360-365
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic information for the early enforcement and extension of the improvement project of management scale of private forest land by understanding the characteristics of forest owners, who have an influence on the participation of the project as one of the private forest management vitalization plans. To achieve this goal, a questionnaire survey targeting 373 forest owners was conducted and analyzed by Binary-Logistic Regression. The variables for binary-logistic regression included gender, age, academic ability, occupation, income, residence, purpose of forest ownership, and status of cooperative membership. As a result of the analysis, 267 forest owners (71.6%) of total 373 forest owners have the intention to participate in the scaling project for private forest management. The rest of forest owners (106 forest owners, 28.4%) would not be willing to participate in the project. As a result of binary-logistic regression, the most important variables, which have an impact on the participation of private forest management scale improvement project, are age, job and forest own purpose.