• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1665-1673
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• 2013

Recently, the interest and demand on free formed structure providing aesthetic value as well as functionality has been increasing. Formwork has numerous advantages such as high strength, convenience, accuracy and good quality of surface roughness. Nevertheless, it increases construction cost and period to build complex shapes. For these purpose, deposition construction systems such as Contour Crafting and Concrete Printing have been developed with active collaboration between university and industry by applying the rapid prototyping technology to the construction industry in USA and England. Since there has been no related research in Korea, the possibility of spin-off technology and its fusion cannot be expected. In this paper, design elements including mechanical system and control system related to automatic deposition construction system prototype for constructing a free curved structure without mold are described. As for an appropriate material for the system, fiber reinforced mortar was selected by experiments on compressive strength, fluidity, viscosity and setting time. By performing transfer and extrusion experiments, the possibility of the development of deposition construction system was demonstrated. Based on this research results, it is required to keep the automatic deposition construction system improve and extend it into the new application area in construction industry.

• Clean Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 2022

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have recently been in the spotlight for their applicability in point-of-care diagnostics and environmental material detection. This study presents a double-sided printing method for fabricating 3D-μPADs, providing simple and cost effective metal ion detection. The design of the 3D-μPAD was made into an acryl stamp by laser cutting and then coating it with a thin layer of PDMS using the spin-coating method. This fabricated stamp was used to form the 3D structure of the hydrophobic barrier through a double-sided contact printing method. The fabrication of the 3D hydrophobic barrier within a single sheet was optimized by controlling the spin-coating rate, reagent ratio and contacting time. The optimal conditions were found by analyzing the area change of the PDMS hydrophobic barrier and hydrophilic channel using ink with chromatography paper. Using the fabricated 3D-μPAD under optimized conditions, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Hg²⁺, and pH were detected at different concentrations and displayed with color intensity in grayscale for quantitative analysis using ImageJ. This study demonstrated that a 3D-μPAD biosensor can be applied to detect metal ions without special analysis equipment. This 3D-μPAD provides a highly portable and rapid on-site monitoring platform for detecting multiple heavy metal ions with extremely high repeatability, which is useful for resource-limited areas and developing countries.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.81-88
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• 2024

The payload BioCabinet of CAS500-3 is designed for 3D stem cell differentiation, culture, and analysis utilizing bio 3D printing techniques in space. The 3D printing technique was initially developed for orbital use; however, it lacks separate validation for extreme launch vibration environments, necessitating a design that mitigates the launch load on the payload. This paper proposes a passive vibration isolator with a low-stiffness elastic support structure and high damping characteristics to reduce the launch loads affecting the BioCabinet. We explore the high-damping characteristics through the superelastic effects of SMA (Shape Memory Alloys) and a multi-layered structure incorporating viscoelastic tape. The effectiveness of the proposed vibration isolation system was confirmed via launch vibration tests on a qualification model.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2015

The aim of this research is to investigate the difference in the capturing opportunities for each type of venture companies in the industry undergoing competition of a dominant design and then figure out the reason why they can be successful. Existing studies on venture companies are focused on the way to enhance a firm's competencies by acquiring and combining its resources. However, it is important for startups which have a lack of resources and capabilities to capture the opportunity to survive by understanding a changing environment. This study is focused on opportunity capture and strategic response to a changing environment and attempts to select and observe startup companies which are able to capture the opportunity and enter the market in the industry undergoing dominant design competition. In order to find out its difference in different types of business, we select one case from hardware startups and the other from software startups. According to the result of this study, the hardware startup focuses on market extension by lowering their prices and the software startup strives to induce more users to participate by the universalization of enabling technology so as to extend and standardize their technology in the environment undergoing dominant design competition. This feature of environment leads the difference in the approach for successfully capturing opportunity and thus hardware firms need to recognize the opportunity with profit potential from relationship with a number of cooperative firms while software firms need to identify the opportunity for extension of enabling technology which can be used by many users.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.81-96
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• 2006

This study aimed to investigate the sociocultural phenomena which affected to clothing change in 1650-1900 and to examine the features of men's necktie in the western art. For this study, information about historic neckwear is obtained from the visual evidence of painted or engraved portraits, contemporary written sources. The covered area of this study was Europe mainly England and France. For this process, research steps were as follows : 1. Investigating the sociocultural phenomena which affect to clothing change through 1650-1900 and analysis of men's clothing and appearance. 2. Finding the changing characteristics of neckties including it's different types, shapes, knots, colors and materials and analyzing similarities and differences of neckties by the times. 3. Examining necktie as one of important and representative icons of male gender identity. The results of the study was as follows: 1. In 1660-1900, men's fashion was simplified in color and detail due to the influence of practical Puritanism and matured civil culture. And British men's fashion spreaded throughout whole European countries and get popularity. 2. In 1650-1720, there were band, cravat and steinkirk. And expecially cravatier, a expert custodian of cravats, was appeared in that period. In 1720-1800, there were stock, solitaire and cravat. In 1800-1850, neckwear were popularized and got various sizes and types up to shape and size of chemise collars. Black stock, scarf cravat and shawl cravat were popular and terms of 'necktie' were used for an certain neckcloth shape. And abundant literature for necktie were published thanks to the development of printing technology in that period. In 1851-1900, the leady-made neckties were spreaded and there were changes in shape, length, knot of necktie up to V-zone formed with shirt's collars and vest types. Neckwear was gradually evolving through four distinct styles, bow tie, scarf or neckerchief, Ascot and four-in-hand. 3. After the mid-l7th Century, as civil culture matured and splendid and extravagant colorful men's wear disappeared, British men's fashion spreaded throughout whole European countries and got popularity. The necktie become an essential ornamental accessory of men's fashion and one of important and representative icons of male gender identity.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.81-101
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• 2011

In today's rapidly changing and increasingly competitive business environment, new product development in tune with market trends in a timely manner has been a matter of the utmost concern for all enterprises. Indeed, developing a sustainable new business has been a top priority for not only business enterprises, but also for the government policy makers accountable for the health of Its national economy as well as for decision makers in what type of organizations. Further, for a soft landing of new businesses, building a government-initiated industry base has been claimed to be necessary as a way to effectively boost corporate activities. However, the existing methodology in new service and new product development is not suitable for nurturing industry, because it is mainly focused on the research and development of corporate business activities instead of new product development. The approach for developing new business is based on 'innovation' and 'convergence.' Yet, the convergence among technologies, supplies, businesses and industries is believed to be more effective than innovation alone as a way to gain momentum. Therefore, it has become more important than ever to study a new methodology based on convergence in industrial quality new product development (NPD) and new service development (NDS). In this research, therefore, we reviewed any restrictions in the existing new product and new service development methodology and the existing business model development methodology. In doing so, we conducted industry standard collaboration analysis on a new service model development methodology in the private sector and the public sector. This approach is fundamentally different from the existing one in that ours focuses on new business development under private management. The suggested framework can be categorized into industry level and service level. First, in the industry level, we define new business opportunities In occurrence of convergence between businesses. For this, we analyze the existing industry at the industry level to identify the opportunities in a market and its business attractiveness, based on which the convergence industry is formulated. Also, through the analysis of environment and market opportunity at the industry level. we can trace how different industries are lined to one another so as to extend the result of the study to develop better insights into industry expansion and new industry emergence. After then, in the service level, we elicit the service for the defined new business, which is composed of private service and supporting service for nurturing industry. Private service includes 3steps: plan-design-do; supporting service for nurturing industry has 4 steps: selection-make environment- business preparation-do and see. The existing methodology focuses on mainly securing business competitiveness, building a business model for success, and offering new services based on the core competence of companies. This suggested methodology, on other hand, suggests the necessity of service development, when new business opportunities arise, in relation to the opportunity analysis of supporting service based on the clear understanding of new business supporting infrastructure optimization. Meanwhile, we have performed case studies on the printing and publishing field with the restrict procedure and development system to assure the feasibility and practical application. Even though the printing and publishing industry is considered a typical knowledge convergence industry, it is also known as a low-demand and low-value industry in Korea. For this reason, we apply the new methodology and suggest the direction and the possibility of how the printing and publishing industry can be transformed as a core dynamic force for new growth. Then, we suggest the base composition service for industry promotion(public) and business opportunities for private's profitability(private).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.327-336
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• 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to create a 3D printable snack dish model for the elderly with low food or fluid intake along with barriers towards eating. Methods: The decision was made by the hybrid-brainstorming method for creating the 3D model. Experts were assigned based on their professional areas such as clinical nutrition, food hygiene and chemical safety for the creation process. After serial feedback processes, the grape shape was suggested as the final model. After various concept sketching and making clay models, 3D-printing technology was applied to produce a prototype. Results: 3D design modeling process was conducted by SolidWorks program. After considering Dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and other survey data, appropriate supplementary water serving volume was decided as 285 mL which meets 30% of Adequate intake. To consider printing output conditions, this model has six grapes in one bunch with a safety lid. The FDM printer and PLA filaments were used for food hygiene and safety. To stimulate cognitive functions and interests of eating, numbers one to six was engraved on the lid of the final 3D model. Conclusions: The newly-developed 3D model was designed to increase intakes of nutrients and water in the elderly with dementia during snack time. Since dementia patients often forget to eat, engraving numbers on the grapes was conducted to stimulate cognitive function related to the swallowing and chewing process. We suggest that investigations on the types of foods or fluids are needed in the developed 3D model snack dish for future studies.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20
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• pp.111-120
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• 1997

Recently, rapidly increasing internet Websites are providing us with the new kinds of multimedia informations without borders acting as the center for exchanging informations. Such new media informations through the internet passes informations via light on the monitor and provides the various informations, with the differentiation from the traditional printing media, it can be searched with electronic commands in limited space. In the process of adapting the new technologies, new media has successfully responded to the fast change and the development of its needs by experiencing the trials and errors, steadily establishing the stable position with its new information transferring and exchanging methods. The representative hompage of websites of information transformations means the first page containing no lower directories and consist of titles, icons, symbols and addresses and can design them in consideration of graphical process, planning, contents and others. Such hompages are very important since the graphical images shows its visual expressions deciding the total meanings of the hompages. In this research, we have analyzed the visual factors of frequencies, ratio of areas, distributions, alignment methodologies on layouts of hompages consisting titles, icons, contents and symbols, etc. from randomly picked samples of 161 hompages of websites in the internets of various areas. Generally, the homepages are designed with graphical expressions in personal way and the feedbacks and responses of such may differs, but we think, this can be used as reference materials for the analysis of new media in objective way. Also, it can be used as the base informations for arrangement and planning of designs with the characteristics of graphics and Graphic User Interfaces in the background which are implemented over internet.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.95-104
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• 2006

The advertisement is an informative product in which a company or an organization has made a substantial capital investment in order to achieve their goals based on their carefully thought-out plans. David Ogilvy maintaned that making a headline of an advertisement is worth 80 percent completion of the advertisement. As he insisted, a headline is also the most important element in the printing advertisement. Therefore, the importance of selecting headline's font style is increased because, while creating a headline, it is necessary to consider the emotional aspects of the advertising object that attract the attention of people. Many researchers call 'typography' as 'frozen sound' or 'written sound' because typography not only works as a letter but also provide people with an emotional pleasure. An appropriate selection of headline's font style in the advertisement production makes both the client and the audience for the advertisement satisfied because it reduces the communication risk and makes design results more reasonable. It is difficult to find many decision-making methods for selecting headline's font style. Therefore, the author of this paper investigated the trend of the use of headline's font style in order to help the designer understand headline's font style as one of design factors. As a result of the research, it is possible to conclude that, while selecting the headline's font style, the attributes of a font consist of limited style, and more objective and systematic font selection methods are necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.491-501
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• 2016

As the population of silver generation is increased, there are emerged the aging society and the silver industry as social issues. Previous studies in the fields of library & information science, education, the industrial art science suggested the need for fairy tale books for the silver generation, and from the design perspective, the characteristics of fairy tale books for the silver generation were analyzed. A fairy tale book is not only a medium delivering some information, but also a platform that a writer provides services to readers. Therefore, the purpose of this study aimed to suggest the importance of sensual experience on the design of fairy book for the silver generation, and to analyze such kind of fairy book's format, grid, typography, type, edition structure, image, layout, cover, paper, printing and production on the basis of five senses. According to the findings of this study, it was found that fairy tale books for the silver generation had different characteristics(type, picture, color, paper, etc.) from those for children, and it would be desirable to make designs for fairy tale books for the silver generation under the silver generation's esthetics standards with considering the silver generation's physiological, psychological factors. It is expected that this study would become a good foundation for more intensive researches for fairy tale books for the silver generation in future and would also be theoretically helpful in developing fairy tale books for the silver generation in future.