• 복식
• /
• 제31권
• /
• pp.47-60
• /
• 1997

As we analyzed the formalities of court dress during King Soonjo's rule through the characters depicted in $\boxDr$Wangseja Chulgungdo$\boxUl$(The Painting for a Crown Prince's Outgoing for Schooling to Sungkyunkwan) the results were as follows: People wore their appropriate full dress ac-cording to the ceremonial procedures. In the case of a Crown Prince normally the wore Gongjungchaek(a hat) (after the coming-of-age ceremony Iksunkwan) and Gonryongpo(imperial clothes) to show his status as a Crown Prince. He wore chugkumbok(a Coat) to indicate a Crown Prince as being a student. on an occasion of celebration a Crown Prince wore Wonyugwan and Gangsapo to provide him with prestige and as a sign of respect for the occasion. The teacher of a Crown Prince also wore Gongbok and Sangbok accoding to the dress requirements of the ceremonies. We can confirm that the Gongbok system of all government officials had been main-tained in the late Chosun dynasty. We know that the form of ceremonies be-came simplified in the late Chosun dynasty. it was recorded that students had to wear Chungkumbok. but we knew from the painting that students actually wore Dopo(a traditonal korean coat). We knew through this painting that the court dress rules of the late Chosun dynasty varied that previously known. As we concluded above research on the his-tory of costume by analyzing paintings both supplements our knowledge of the topic and confirms the deficiency in the study of the his-tory of costume based solely upon literature and books.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.205-214
• /
• 2021

The use of the supernatant from a Bacillus subtilis culture mixed with sodium bicarbonate was explored as a means of controlling stem brown spot disease in dragon fruit plants. In in vitro experiments, the B. subtilis supernatant used with sodium bicarbonate showed a strong inhibition effect on the growth of the fungus, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, the agent causing stem brown spot disease and was notably effective in preventing fungal invasion of dragon fruit plant. This combination not only directly suppressed the growth of N. dimidiatum, but also indirectly affected the development of the disease by eliciting the dragon-fruit plant's defense response. Substantial levels of the pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinase and glucanase, and the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway enzymes, peroxidase and phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase, were triggered. Significant lignin deposition was also detected in treated cladodes of injured dragon fruit plants in in vivo experiments. In summary, B. subtilis supernatant combined with sodium bicarbonate protected dragon fruit plant loss through stem brown spot disease during plant development in the field through pathogenic fungal inhibition and the induction of defense response mechanisms.

• 복식
• /
• 제59권10호
• /
• pp.68-84
• /
• 2009

A state wedding ceremony of kings and crown princes in the Chosun Dynasty was systemically formalized in a book Five National Ceremonies (1474) as one of the five major formal events of the royal auspicious ceremonies(Ga-rae). For a state wedding, Ga-rae Protocol was made by a devision for Ga-rae temporarily established for the occasion. A total number of auspicious ceremony protocols of kings and crown princes amounts to 20 in the span of 279 years. Among the proposals, the wedding of Soon-jong in the Imo Year of 1882 is described most thoroughly. Nap-bin-ui(reception of bride) comprises six rituals which are nap-chae, nap-jing, go-gyi, chaek-bin, chin-young, and dong-ryae. A grand formal costume of the crown prince is granted based on the 'Seven Parts Formal Costume' of the first year of the king Moon-jong in 1450 together with an official costume for crown prince(Gon-myeon-chil-jang) arranged in the third year of the king Young-rak. In the royal palace of the Chosun Dynasty, the granted formal costume of the crown prince is officially recorded as a code and presented in a Gwon-ji-il section of the Formalities of the Five National Ceremonies. The formal costume and its accessory set for the crown prince recorded as a code are described in Sangbang Jeong-ryae as the formal costume of the crown prince section published by the king's request at the high senate commission in the 28th year of the king Young-jo in 1752. The aim of the study is to investigate the formal costume of the crown prince as an auspicious ceremonial costume worn at the wedding in the year of Imo.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 2014

블록 암호에 대한 안전성 평가시 연관키 공격은 중요한 분석툴로 간주된다. 이는 블록 암호에 대한 연관키 공격이 키를 컨트롤 할 수 있는 블록 암호기반 해쉬모드와 같은 응용환경에 강력하게 적용될 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 FSE 2013에 제안된 경량 블록 암호 PRINCE에 대한 연관키 공격을 향상시킨다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 PRINCE에 대한 새로운 연관키 공격은 기존 가장 강력한 연관키 공격[4]의 데이터 복잡도를 $2^{33}$ 에서 2로 낮춘다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.1132-1141
• /
• 2021

Objective: To investigate changes in the median nerve, retinaculum, and carpal tunnel on ultrasound after successful endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR). Materials and Methods: This prospective study involved 37 wrists in 35 patients (5 male, 30 female; mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 56.9 ± 6.7 years) with primary carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). An in-house developed scoring system (0-3) was used to gauge the clinical improvement after ECTR. Ultrasound was performed before ECTR, and at 1, 3, and 12 months post-ECTR. Changes in the median nerve, flexor retinaculum, and carpal tunnel morphology on ultrasound after ECTR were analyzed. Ultrasound parameters for different clinical improvement groups were compared. Results: All patients improved clinically after ECTR. The average clinical improvement score ± SD at 12 months post-ECTR was 2.2 ± 0.7. The median nerve cross-sectional area proximal and distal to the tunnel decreased at all time intervals post-ECTR but remained swollen compared to normal values. Serial changes in the median nerve caliber and retinacular bowing after ECTR were more pronounced at the tunnel outlet than at the tunnel inlet. The flexor retinaculum had reformed in 25 (68%) of 37 wrists after 12 months. Conclusion: Postoperative changes in median nerve and retinaculum parameters were most pronounced at the tunnel outlet. Even in patients with clinical improvement after ECTR, nearly all ultrasound parameters remain abnormal at one year post-ECTR. These ultrasound parameters should not necessarily be relied upon to diagnose persistent CTS after ECTR.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.250-257
• /
• 2017

Background: Tasks involved in traditional charcoal production expose workers to various levels of charcoal dust and wood smoke. This study aimed to identify specific tasks influencing lung function and respiratory symptoms. Methods: Interviews, direct observation, and task/symptom checklists were used to collect data from 50 charcoal-production workers on 3 nonwork days followed by 11 workdays. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured four times per day. Results: The PEFR was reduced and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms increased over the first 6-7 workdays. The PEFR increased until evening on nonwork days but not on workdays. Loading the kiln and collecting charcoal from within the kiln markedly reduced the PEFR and increased the odds of respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: Tasks involving entry into the kiln were strongly associated with a short-term drop in the PEFR and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms, suggesting a need for the use of protective equipment and/or the operation of an effective kiln ventilation system.

• 복식
• /
• 제35권
• /
• pp.265-279
• /
• 1997

Through eight folding screens for Chac Rae and ban Cha Do we have learned the costumes of people who participate in Chac Rae ceremonty being accompanied by social positions. Firstly the costumes of crown prince can be classified in two parts. One is costumes of Chac Rae befor Kwan Rae the other is costumes of Chac Rae after Kwan Rae Also we know the costumes of Chac Rae before kwan Rae is consisted of SSangdonggae Gong-jungchak Chilchangbok Mean-while the crown prince wore Myunbok at chac rae after Kwan rae. Second Chakbongdo tell us various types of Youngbok by blue-black and red colored chulik Third we can see Uijangsu who wore Sangbok on Chakbongdo and know their brilliant costume colors on ban Cha Do through Hongmo on Chunguei Chungmo on honguei Hongmo on Honguei violet-Lip on honguei mean-while Kyokun wears Hongmo on Honguei and hoimo on Hoiuei. Forth regarding the costume of Byulgam Chakbongdo appears Chogun on Hongpo belting blue belt wearing blackboots Meantime ban Cha Do shows Chogun on Hongpo wearing shoes. As reviewed above we know various color and types of costumes through Chakbongdo & Ban Cha Do on Crown prince Chacraedogam and would lide to deepen Chac Rae of crown prince including the costumes of Chac Rae of the crown princess the eldest son of the crown price the eldest brother of the king.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 2016

Apium graveolens Linn. (Apiaceae) is an indigenous plant of the North and South Americas, Southern Europe, and Asia and has been widely used as a food or a traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation and arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of a methanolic extract of A. graveolens (AGE) against liver oxidative stress in an adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model. The AGE (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) was given orally for 24 consecutive days after induction by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant. Liver and spleen weights were recorded. The superoxide anion level, total peroxide (TP), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also measured. AGE treatment significantly decreased the levels of the superoxide anion, TP, and OSI whereas the GPx and SOD activities significantly increased in the liver of the arthritic rats. These results indicated that AGE showed an ameliorative effect against liver oxidative stress in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by reducing the generation of liver free radicals and increasing the liver antioxidant enzyme activity.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2022

The study applied the non-financial dimensions of the Balanced Scorecard (customer dimension, internal processes dimension, learning, and growth dimension). It was done to evaluate performance and measure the effectiveness of these dimensions on performance evaluation at College of Science and Humanities Studies: Al Aflaj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach to conduct the study to find the effect of these dimensions. Data was collected from the college staff and administrators; 120 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 112 were collected. The questionnaire data were analyzed using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), hypotheses were tested using the structural equation modeling (SEM) through the (Spss) and (Amos) software. The study finding showed that the balanced scorecard had a positive contribution in evaluating the performance of the College of Science and Humanities Studies: Al Aflaj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University through the dimensions of customers and internal processes, and the study finding revealed that the balanced scorecard has no contribution at performance evaluating the College of Science and Humanities Studies: Al Aflaj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University through the dimension of learning and growth.

• 미술자료
• /
• 제97권
• /
• pp.69-86
• /
• 2020

국립중앙박물관 소장 <행행일기(幸行日記)>(구7152, 이하 <일기>로 약칭)는 1761년 4월 사도세자의 평양밀행을 기록한 문서이다. 당시 작성자는 평양의 하급 군관 함대일(咸戴一)(1738~1771)이며, 사도세자에게 능력을 인정받아 4월 7일부터 5월 1일까지 세자를 모셨다. <일기>는 해당 시기 구체적인 행적을 적고 있어, 역사에 기록되지 않았던 사도세자의 평양밀행 여정을 확인할 수 있다. <일기>는 다른 일기들과 구분되는 특징을 가지고 있다. 사용된 종이의 품질과 정연하게 쓰인 서체와 문장의 구성은 일반적인 일기와는 다르다. 이 <일기>는 개인이 쓴 일기와는 달리 완성된 문서에 가까운 형식을 갖추었다. <일기>는 그동안 모호하게 알려졌던 사도세자의 평양밀행을 기록한 만큼 내용 사실 여부를 우선 확인할 필요가 있다. 이를 위한 과정으로 먼저 함대일이라는 인물을 추적하였는데, 그의 가계(家系)는 <일기>에서 밝히고 있는 내용과 일치하였다. 또한 <일기>에서 사도세자가 글씨를 쓴 정황이 나오는데, 당시 쓴 예필진적(睿筆眞跡)이 오늘날에도 전해지고 있다. 따라서 <일기>에 실린 내용을 사실로 볼 수 있다. 그러나 밀행 당시 사도세자는 다양한 계층의 인물들을 만났지만, <일기>는 함대일과 사도세자 중심으로만 구성되어있다. 이 점은 당시에 원문에 해당하는 기록이 존재할 수 있으나, 오늘날 전해지는 <일기>는 이를 바탕으로 편집하였을 가능성을 보여준다. <일기>는 함대일의 아들 함정희(咸正禧)(1758~1817)에 의해 완성된 것으로 보인다. 먼저 부친 함대일이 영조(英祖)(재위 1724~1776) 재위 기간에는 사도세자와 관련된 기록을 남겼을 가능성이 낮다. 둘째로 정조 대 함정희가 사도세자의 예필과 일기를 바친 정황이 확인된다. 물론 당시 정조에게 바친 일기가 현재의 <일기>인지 여부는 불분명하다. 그러나 정조(正祖)(재위 1776~1800)의 주도로 사도세자 현창 사업이 진행된 시대적 상황을 고려하면 당시에 제작되었을 가능성은 충분하다. 그리고 예필과 일기를 바친 시기는 각각 현륭원 조성과 사도세자의 환갑과도 겹치는 점이 확인된다. 따라서 <일기>는 함정희가 본인의 입신(立身)을 위해 제작하였음을 짐작해볼 수 있다.