The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Overcoming Encouragement of Dragon Fruit Plant (Hylocereus undatus) against Stem Brown Spot Disease Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Using Bacillus subtilis Combined with Sodium Bicarbonate

  • Ratanaprom, Sanan (Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus) ;
  • Nakkanong, Korakot (Agriculture Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University) ;
  • Nualsri, Charassri (Agriculture Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University) ;
  • Jiwanit, Palakrit (Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus) ;
  • Rongsawat, Thanyakorn (Tropical Fruit and Plantation Crops Research Center, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University) ;
  • Woraathakorn, Natthakorn (Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus)
  • Received : 2021.01.23
  • Accepted : 2021.03.11
  • Published : 2021.06.01
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Abstract

The use of the supernatant from a Bacillus subtilis culture mixed with sodium bicarbonate was explored as a means of controlling stem brown spot disease in dragon fruit plants. In in vitro experiments, the B. subtilis supernatant used with sodium bicarbonate showed a strong inhibition effect on the growth of the fungus, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, the agent causing stem brown spot disease and was notably effective in preventing fungal invasion of dragon fruit plant. This combination not only directly suppressed the growth of N. dimidiatum, but also indirectly affected the development of the disease by eliciting the dragon-fruit plant's defense response. Substantial levels of the pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinase and glucanase, and the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway enzymes, peroxidase and phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase, were triggered. Significant lignin deposition was also detected in treated cladodes of injured dragon fruit plants in in vivo experiments. In summary, B. subtilis supernatant combined with sodium bicarbonate protected dragon fruit plant loss through stem brown spot disease during plant development in the field through pathogenic fungal inhibition and the induction of defense response mechanisms.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was partially funded by the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) and Prince of Songkla University (Grant no. SAT6202080S) whose support is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to thank the Publication Clinic, Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University, for technical comments and improving the manuscript.

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