• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.19-36
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends of elementary mathematics education in terms of topics, methods, subjects, mathematics content strands, and mathematical competencies. For this purpose, a total of 596 papers published in eight domestic journals during the recent seven years were analyzed. The results of this study showed that the popular research topics included learners' perspectives and abilities, analysis of curriculum and textbooks, and instruction and teaching methods, whereas studies on assessment and technology or manipulative materials did not get much attention. The results also showed that qualitative research methodology was used a lot with focus on students. The mathematics content strand which was most frequently studied was number and operations, and problem solving was most popular among the mathematical competencies. On the basis of these results, this paper includes several implications for the future research direction in elementary mathematics education.

• Research in Mathematical Education
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.261-282
• /
• 2019

The research related to testing pupils' achievement in the field of Measurement and Measure in initial teaching of geometry points to an insufficient adoption of the basic components of the length measurement concept among pupils. In order to discover the cause, we looked at the basic components on which the procedure of measuring length using a ruler is based, highlighted the possibilities of introducing the procedure in measuring length, and determined pupils' achievement during the procedure of measuring length using a ruler. The research sample consisted of 145 pupils, out of which 72 were the 2^nd grade pupils and 73 were the 4^th grade pupils. A descriptive method was applied in the research. The technique we used was testing, and for the statistical data processing we used a χ² test. The results of the research show that, when drawing a straight line of a given length using a ruler, there is no statistical difference in achievement between the 2^nd and 4^th grade pupils, nor in the pupils' knowledge regarding drawing a ruler independently, while drawing a straight line of a given length using a "broken" ruler 4^th grade pupils are statistically better. The results of the research indicate that pupils' achievement is better in doing standard tasks than in non-standard ones, given that the latter require conceptual knowledge. The components of the concept of length measurement using ruler have not been sufficiently developed yet, and these include: zero-point, partitioning a measured object in a series of consecutive measurement units and their iteration. We shed more light on the critical stage in the procedure of length measurement - the transition from non-standard to standard units and the formation of the length measurement scale. For further research, we propose to look at the formation of the concept of length measurement using the ruler through all its components and their inclusion in the mathematics curriculum, as well as examining the correlation of pupils' achievement in the procedure of measuring length with their achievement in measuring area (and volume).

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.351-374
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to support the understandings of teachers about the instructional strategies of collaborative problem solving and mathematical modeling as presented in the 2015 revised mathematics curriculum. For this, tasks of the Cubes unit from six grader's and lesson plans were developed. The specific problem solving processes of students and the practices of teachers which appeared in the classes were analyzed. In the course of solving a series of problems, students have formed a mathematical model of their own, modifying and complementing models in the process of sharing solutions. In particular, it was more effective when teachers explicitly taught students how to share and discuss problem-solving. Based on these results this study is expected to suggest implications on how to foster students' problem solving ability as mathematical subject competency in elementary classrooms.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.531-538
• /
• 2005

The primary purpose of the study was to investigate the degree of difficulty and the causes of the difficulties in science instruction reported by elementary teachers and students. The secondary purpose was to suggest the effective methods to both of them to improve the efficiency of science instruction. For this study, the survey was carried out on 322 students and 156 teachers in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades. The questionnaires consisted of interest, difficulty and its factors. The results of this investigation are summarized as follows; 1. Teachers had relatively higher interest than students in science instruction content(textbook). Furthermore, the units that teachers showed interest differed from those that students had. This means that there is a significant difference of interest in instruction process between teachers and students. 2. Teachers felt much higher difficulty than students in the content of science instruction. This shows that the degree of interest might have little relation with that of difficulty, and that teaching of science seemed more difficult than teaming. Moreover, there was a difference of difficulty in the units between the teachers and students. The result shows a distinctive difference of difficulty in 8 units of the 3rd grade, 9 units n the 4th grade, and 12 units in the 5th grade (p<.05, p<.001, p<.005, respectively). It means that the difficulty depended on the units. 3. Students responded that they are responsible for difficulty factors of teaming, otherwise teachers thought that students are responsible for it, when the factors were divided into student factor, teacher factor, and curriculum factor. 4. Students demanded many experiments in the lab as well as easy and interesting instructions in order to reduce the degree of difficulty and to improve the condition of science instructions. However, teachers demanded the expansion of experimental equipments and materials as well as the improvement of the lab condition.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.334-344
• /
• 2020

This study explored students' subject interests and task difficulty recognition levels changed when they provided tasks with Keller's ARCS motivation design in PBL(Problem Based Learning) class. This study participant were 79 college students majoring in teaching profession. Experimental and comparative groups were formed for the study. Primary PBLs were conducted to measure prior levels of subject interest and task difficulty recognition. Secondary PBLs were performed to verify the effectiveness of the ARCS motivation design task. The experimental group performed the tasks that reflected the ARCS motivation design. Collected data were analyzed using ANCOVA. As a result, the experimental group had a higher level of subject interest and a lower level of task difficulty recognition.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.312-320
• /
• 2011

A reconstruction following a resection of malignant oral cavity tumors is one of the most difficult problems in recent oral oncology. For a better understanding of oral and maxillofacial reconstructive procedures, basic and advanced microvascular anastomosis techniques must be learned and memorized. The aim of this article was to clarify and define the microvascular anastomosis methods, such as primary closure after an arteriotomy, end to side anastomosis, end to end anastomosis, and side to side anastomosis with an artery and vein. This review article discusses the basic skills regarding microvascular anastomoses with brief schematic diagrams in the Korean language. This article is expected to be helpful, particularly to young doctors in the course of the Korean national board curriculum periods for oral and maxillofacial surgery.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2017

The ability to use information technology has become increasingly important as technological advances continue to sweep through the computing world, and education for improving computational thinking has become globally instituted. In South Korea, informatics subjects have been modified in the 2015 curriculum and are now compulsory in primary and secondary education. However, despite substantial financial investment and numerous studies promoting informatics education, there continues to be a serious lack of pre-service teachers capable of teaching computational thinking. This study investigated pre-service teacher programming education using App Inventor, their perceptions of App Inventor, and how use of the program affected teacher problem-solving abilities and self-efficacy. In the pre-test, the control group and experimental group showed no statistically significant difference; however, the post-test revealed that the two groups showed statistically significant differences in problem-solving skills and self-efficacy. The participants initially showed interest in using App Inventor; however, after practice-teaching and project-based learning, the participants demonstrated a growing negativity toward the program when they made errors and the functional limits of App Inventor became apparent. Although most participants stated that they would not use App Inventor in their classes, the positive statistically significant differences in problem-solving skills and self-efficacy indicate that this study could be utilized as a basis for building a teaching-learning program using App Inventor and creating an educational plan for teaching computational thinking.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.106-121
• /
• 2004

This thesis examined and analyzed the occupational status of the promising occupations in the environmental industry. A study on the status of the occupations in the environmental industry is very necessary for planning policies and improving occupations in the environmental industry. Studies and discussions regarding the status of the occupations in the environmental industry, however, were extremely insufficient. A survey of the employees in the environmental industry was conducted in order to certainly comprehend the status of the occupations, educational and training programs, and occupational changes and to utilize the result of the survey as foundational data necessary for occupational studies in the environmental industry. The subject of the survey was limited to the employees who had work for one or more years in twenty promising occupations in the environmental industry. The content of the survey was occupational performance competencies, occupational careers, the degree of occupational satisfaction, vocational education and training, working conditions, occupational changes, and the security of the human resources. Dissimilarities as well as similarities among twenty promising occupations were discovered according to the analysis result of the occupations in the environmental industry. A major discovery was that there are lots of difficulties in securing environment-related human resources. Primary reasons for the difficulties were inconsistent working conditions and the shortage of the qualified human resources. To solve the difficulties in securing the human resources, the curriculum of the educational and the training institutes should be innovated and the human resources from the institutes could be applied to the workplace directly after the graduation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.17 no.12
• /
• pp.259-267
• /
• 2012

The objectives of this study are to study and propose the learning elements and it's teaching methods for Information Ethics by expert survey. In recent days, Internet is the new field of our living, but teaching the students in elementary and secondary schools the subject of Information Ethics which purpose is to have positive attitude of utilizing Internet is not properly executed. The first step to teach Information Ethics in schools is to choose the learning elements in Information Ethics. Therefore, this paper is to choose the learning elements and re-arrange them with point of view to elementary and secondary schools. And more, in order to teach the students the learning elements of Information Ethics effectively, we propose the proper teaching methods to the learning elements by teacher's survey. The learning elements and teaching methods in Information Ethics is not the perfect guide to teach students in school, but the output of this study will be the good guide to revise the Information Ethics-related curriculums and product the textbooks about Information Ethics.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.141-154
• /
• 2015

This study analyzed storytelling in mathematics textbooks for third graders, which had been developed according to the 2009 revised mathematics curriculum. Storytelling are supposed to be composed of elements such as message, conflicts, characters, and plot, all of which should be consistent with and focused on unit contents. Especially, conflicts in storytelling should be so obvious that children can take an initiative in learning tasks to solve the problems required by the tasks. The analysis of storytelling in the introduction part in teacher's guides for the third-grade textbooks indicates the following: 1) messages are unclear; 2) conflicts are frequently absent (if any, they are unclear); 3) incidents attributable to textbook characters are insufficient; and 4) plots often lack plausibility. In order to achieve the purposes for which storytelling in mathematics textbooks is intended, storytelling should be reconstructed and improved, taking the roles that each component should serve into consideration.