• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.3923-3942
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• 2022

Environment, price, regulation, and other factors influence the price of agricultural products, which is a social signal of product supply and demand. The price of many agricultural products fluctuates greatly due to the asymmetry between production and marketing details. Horticultural goods are particularly price sensitive because they cannot be stored for long periods of time. It is very important and helpful to forecast the price of horticultural products which is crucial in designing a cropping plan. The proposed method guides the farmers in agricultural product production and harvesting plans. Farmers can benefit from long-term forecasting since it helps them plan their planting and harvesting schedules. Customers can also profit from daily average price estimates for the short term. This paper study the time series models such as ARIMA, SARIMA, and neural network models such as BPN, LSTM and are used for wheat cost prediction in India. A large scale available data set is collected and tested. The results shows that since ARIMA and SARIMA models are well suited for small-scale, continuous, and periodic data, the BPN and LSTM provide more accurate and faster results for predicting well weekly and monthly trends of price fluctuation.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.113-126
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• 1992

It is discussed how a supplier should design a quantity discount pricing schedule for multiple buyers. It is emphasized that nor only the supplier's surplus but also each buyer's surplus resultant from quantity discount should be considered in designing price schedule. It is shown that if the supplier's quantity pricing schedule is based on his/her profit function, each buyer's surplus may be maximized. And it is also shown that when the supplier's main benefit comes from the reduced number of setups, the incremental discount schedule satisfies the requirement. Formulas to determine values of parameters of the incremental discount schedule are provided.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.950-961
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• 2004

This study was attempted to examine consumers＇ pursuing benefits and satisfaction at outlet store, to analyze the differences of pursuing benefits and satisfaction at outlet store among the consumer groups segmented by the pursuing benefits, and to provide useful information for establishment of marketing strategies. The subjects were 500 female consumers experienced in purchasing clothes at outlet non. For analysis of questionnaires, $\chi$$^2$-test, ANOVA, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and Duncan＇s multiple range test were performed. The results were as follows: 1. Pursuing benefits at outlet store were composed of 6 factors: store＇s atmosphere, variety of products and brands, service and reputation of store, product quality, location＇s convenience, and price. Consumers were segmented into three groups by above 6 factors: product pursuing group, store convenience pursuing group, and price pursuing group. 2. Satisfaction at outlet store was composed of 5 factors: product, atmosphere, service and reputation of store, location convenience, and price. Satisfaction at outlet store such as service and reputation of store, location＇s convenience, and price were significantly different among the segmented groups. Product pursuing group was most satisfied with service and reputation of store, store convenience pursuing group was most satisfied with location＇s convenience and price, and price pursuing group was most satisfied with price. 3. The demographic variables such as an age, marriage, occupation, academic background, and total income were significantly different among the segmented groups.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.25-50
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to identify dimensions of benefit sought where consumer cross-border online shoppers seek and to examine the effects of the dimensions on expectancy, perceived performance, disconformity and satisfaction with cross-border online shopping. A total of 258 data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. The results of the study identified that six dimensions of benefit sought of cross-border online shopping, which were economic-efficiency, convenience, uniqueness, scarcity, superiority and conformity seeking. There were significant effects of economic-efficiency, scarcity and uniqueness seeking on the expectancy, perceived performance, and satisfaction. In addition, consumers were segmented as four clusters classified using benefit sought of cross-border online shopping. The four clusters were labeled as "high interest type", "disinterested type", "unique scarcity type", and "price-first unfussy type". The significant differences were found among the clusters in the research constructs of expectancy and disconfirmation theory. The findings of the study suggested practical and managerial implications.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.862-871
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• 2004

This research is ultimately to understand the general behavior of luxury goods consumers and to diversify the consumer groups according to the relationships between their benefit seeking and brand loyalty. The subjects used for the research were 223 female consumers who purchased fashion luxury goods. The data were analyzed by factor analysis and multiple regression. The results showed that there were four factors in benefit seeking of luxury goods; self-improvement, aesthetics, uniqueness and quality. Each of the factors was analyzed in relation to brand loyalty and brand variety seeking motivations. Brand loyalty's factors were continuous brand loyalty, trademark brand loyalty and devoting brand loyalty. Brand variety seeking motivation factors were change/novelty seeking motivation, quality/recommendation, discounted price and unique types of product line. The consumers who were seeking self- improvement were showing trademark brand loyalty rather than continuous or devoting brand loyalty. Meanwhile, the quality benefit seeking customers showed continuous or devoting brand loyalty. The most important motivations in brand variety seeking was change/ novelty seeking. The implications and marketing strategies of the research were discussed.

• 한국품질경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국품질경영학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.400-404
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• 2006

The environmental problem come because the demage cost of environmental pollution is not properly reflected in market price. The government regulations for market is justified to solve the problem. The policy needs a close analysis of environmental, economical effect for the point of time, methods, rational decision making of the government regulations. Especially, we need to assume and analyze about social expenses by environmental pollution and policy execution. The cost-benefit analysis about environmental pollution is used to support decision making. The value of benefit about damage by environmental pollution or about improvement changes a monetary unit through the cost-benefit analysis. The working like this is said environmental material valuation or measuring valuation. This work is studied about looking for proper analysis model to apply our environmental materials.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2020

This study analyzes the degree of competition in the oil refinery market in Korea, which is considered an oligopoly market. The price of gasoline and diesel and the quantity of supply are used to identify the market competition. We also analyze whether the oil tax reduction policy has affected market competition. The competitiveness of the market was examined using monthly data from 2008 to 2019. Bresnahan-Lau method was employed to estimate the degree of competition in the oil refinery market, which is frequently used in the industrial studies. The analysis shows that the gasoline and diesel markets seem close to a perfect competitive market. Also, the tax cut has weakened market competition. In other words, the monopolistic power has increased in the market, so consumers have not benefit from the price cuts as much as tax cuts. Although the oil refinery market where four major companies are competing, the government's monitoring and price disclosure system help the market to be highly competitive as much as a perfect competition market. The tax cut, in the high oil price era, has a negative effect on the competition because of an information asymmetry about the price-setting process between suppliers and consumers.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2004

This study .is about marketing of menu-delivery-web site through internet which is getting bigger in working-together-couples. The purpose of this study is suggesting the way which can make internet marketing to activate by means of analysing of a certain enterprise's homepage with marketing mix method. We draw the findings which is seperated by goods, price, promotion, distribution, other service according to marketing constituents. As a result of research, it was found that each company has given much more weight on some part in internet marketing's field of activity. In general, they put an empasis on activity of goods and promotion. On the other hands they didn't consider prices and delivery to be important compared with other parts. In a field of price, menu-site just announced price but in further advance, it had better offer and compare two price level when customer used menu-delivery-web site or not. And that site needed to promote and to be advertised what customer who just think using web site was expensive have benefit in the price. One of the most important things about internet-marketing was that fast and exact feedback and community made each enterprise to be able to help to communicate with customer. For these strategy to execute effectively, first company's name should be known well and goods and service the company had should be well advertised. But first of all, differentiated strategy should precede through consistency of taste and quality, consistant information update as a internet-company and sincere homepage management.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was 1) to find out the consumer patronage mix of department and fashion outlet stores, 2) to compare the clothing and price attitudes among store patronage groups and 3) to compare the importance of the stores' attributes among the store patronage groups. The subjects were 381 female consumers in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple Range Test and Cronbach's Alpha. The results were as follows. First, clothing purchasing attitudes of the total respondents were classified by three factors: fashion/confident oriented, appearance oriented, and brand-name oriented. Also, clothing price attitudes were composed of three factors: price/quality-prestige inference, discount/low price pursuit and benefit/value pursuit. In addition, the importance of the store's attributes was composed of five factors: convenience/service, concern of fashion outlet store, brand-name/fashionability, awareness of fashion outlet store, and practical advantage of the store. Second, the department store patronage group was significantly different from the fashion outlet store patronage group in clothing attitude, price attitude, and the importance of the store attribute. Third, the responses of the department store patronage group were significantly different from those of the fashion outlet store patronage group in product reliability and awareness of the fashion outlet store.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.962-974
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• 2016

We are concerned with whether a vertically integrated broadband and content provider can unreasonably advantage itself over competing content providers, either by selling quality-of-service (QoS) to content providers at unreasonably high prices, or by refusing to provide access to QoS to competing content. We address this question by modeling the competition between one such vertically integrated provider and one over-the-top (OTT) content provider. The broadband provider decides whether to deploy QoS, and if so it also determines the QoS price if sold to either the OTT content provider or directly to users. We analytically determine when the broadband provider will sell QoS and when the OTT content provider or users will purchase QoS. We characterize the optimal QoS and video service prices. The Internet service provider (ISP)'s market share increases with the difference in the value of the two video services and decreases with the difference in the corresponding costs. Numerical results illustrate the effect of QoS price on content price, the variation of prices and profit with QoS price, and the variation of prices and market shares with the benefit of QoS. The ISP may sell QoS to users at a lower price than when QoS is sold to the OTT provider.