• 재활치료과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.69-83
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구는 예비연구로 65세 이상 노인을 대상으로 Information & Communication Technology(ICT) 홈 기반 프로그램을 적용하여 인지향상 프로그램의 효과를 확인하고, 원격재활 전달모델로서 가능성을 찾고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2022년 8월부터 10월까지 대상자 3인을 선정하여 약 2개월에 걸쳐 ICT 홈 기반 인지향상 프로그램 중재를 실시하였다. 본 중재는 프로그램 전·후 인지향상을 평가하기 위해 한국판 간이 정신상태 검사, 한국판 몬트리올 인지평가, 노인용 전산화 인지평가도구, Two shorter form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale을 사용하여 진행하였다. 치료사는 원격으로 대상자의 수준에 맞는 인지훈련의 난이도 조절을 매주 피드백을 통해 설정하고 프로그램 진행 시에는 매일 정해진 시간에 치료사의 도움 없이 진행하였다. 인지향상 프로그램에 대한 추가 의견을 위해 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 결과 : 중재 후, 사전 사후에 진행한 한국판 몬트리올 인지평가 대부분의 항목에서 모든 대상자가 향상된 점수를 보였다. 또한 Cotras-pro의 항목 중 상위인지, 언어능력, 주의집중, 시지각, 기억력이 향상되었다. 결론 : ICT 홈 기반 프로그램을 사용한 인지재활훈련은 치매를 예방할 뿐 아니라 원격재활에 대한 내적동기 또한 가질 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 노인을 대상으로 한 원격재활이 가능할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.448-462
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• 2020

식이 영양에 의한 충분한 영양분 섭취는 치매에 의한 뇌 인지 기능의 저하의 위험성을 줄일 수 있는 중요한 수단이다. 설포라판은 뇌 인지 기능 개선효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있는 영양 성분으로, 설포라판이 다량으로 포함된 브로콜리 추출물은 인지 기능 개선 효과가 좋을 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 탈염 용암해수 재배로 제조한 브로콜리 추출물이 뇌 인지 기능 개선 효과를 가지고 있는지 시험하였다. 제주도 용암해수는 유용 미네랄 (아연, 바나듐, 게르마늄)이 풍부해서, 용암 해수에서 재배한 작물은 유용미네랄 함량이 높은 것으로 알려 져 있다. 제주도 탈염 용암 해수를 사용해서 재배한 브로콜리 추출물의 화학 조성 중 설포라판과 글루코라판 성분을 분석하기 위해 LC-Q-orbitrap 질량 분석기를 사용하였고, 설포라판의 정량 분석을 위해 HPLC 를 사용하였다. 브로콜리 추출물의 신경 세포 사멸 억제 효과와 항 염증 효과를 시험하기 위해 SH-SY5Y 세포를 사용한 실험을 수행하였고, 시냅스 가소성 촉진 효과를 시험하기 위해 SH-SY5Y 세포에서 시냅스 가소성 관련 단백질의 발현 변화와 아세틸콜린 분해 효소의 활성 변화를 측정하였다. 이러한 실험들을 수행한 결과 탈염 염지하수로 재배한 브로콜리 추출물은 신경 세포 사멸 억제 효과와 항염증 효과가 있음을 확인 하였고, 시냅스 가소성 관련 단백질 발현을 증가 시키고 아세틸콜린 분해 효소의 활성을 억제해서 시냅스 가소성을 증가 시키는 효과가 있는 것을 확인 하였다. 이상의 결과들은 제주도 탈염 용암해수로 재배한 브로콜리 추출물이 치매에 의한 뇌 인지 기능 저하를 억제하는 좋은 식이 영양분으로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2019

목적: 신체활동과 인지운동, 사회적 상호작용을 혼합한 단기 집단 복합중재가 75세 이상의 고령 정상 노인의 인지기능과 우울 수준에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 본 연구 설계는 단일 집단 사전-사후 설계(one group pretest-posttest design)로 중재는 회당 70분, 주 1회, 총 4회기 동안 실시하였다. 중재 전과 후의 인지기능과 우울 수준, 신체기능의 변화를 비교하기 위해서 치매 선별용 간이 정신상태검사(Mini-Mental State Examination-Dementia Screening; MMSE-DS)와 단축형 노인우울척도(Short Form for Geriatric Depression Scale; SGDS), 버그균형척도(Berg Balance Scale; BBS)를 사용하였다. 결과: 75세 이상의 고령 정상노인에게 집단 복합중재를 적용한 후 인지기능은 통계적으로 유의미한 향상이 있었고(p<.01), 우울 수준은 통계적으로 유의미한 감소가 있었다(p<.05). 균형수준도 중재 전$46.83{\pm}9.11$점에서 중재 후 $48.08{\pm}7.00$점으로 평가점수의 증가는 있었으나, 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았다(p>.05). 결론: 신체활동과 인지운동, 사회적 상호작용을 혼합한 단기 집단 복합중재는 75세 이상의 고령 정상노인의 인지기능의 저하를 늦추고 우울수준을 감소시키는데 유의한 효과가 있었다. 본 연구는 정상노인들의 치매, 우울 예방을 위한 중재에 있어서 보다 체계적인 중재를 제공하기 위한 근거를 제시한다는 점에 의의가 있다. 향후 연구에서는 작업치료사에 의한 전문적인 치료에 대한 효과연구와 실험군-대조군 연구를 통해 효과입증이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.99-115
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• 2000

This study was conducted to get a resonable set of budget allocation to public health programs. Matrix Delphi technique was used to obtain the logic of study results and eventually to form a human model which could predict opinion of professionals on budget allocation. Thirty-two professionals in academic and governmental area responded to Delphi survey. Questionnaire was developed using matrix formation, and the matrix was formed by 6 decision criteria on budget allocation and 26 public health programs. The decision criteria are as following: size of problem(morbidity), severity of problem, social equity, importance of prevention, technical feasibility and efficiency of programs. Severity of problem dropped out of the model because it had significant correlation with the size of problem. A total score of each program was obtained by weighting the relative importance of each criteria which also were given by survey respondents. These total scores indicate that the most important public health program is vaccination for infants and children in terms of budget allocation. Monitoring communicable diseases, mental health program, and anti-smoking program are the next. In addition, respondents were asked of the desirable budget size of each program. The result was rearranged by multiple regression model using the scores of each decision criteria. In this process, the current budget size of central government was provided to the respondents, and included in the model. h set of desirable budgets modified using tile model was obtained. Considering the current size of budget, tile results of the model is very different from that of the total score. Managing dementia is ranked the first. Health promotion program for the elderly, rehabilitation of the disabled and monitoring communicable diseases are the next. The need to increase the budget of vaccination for the infants and children was not found as so high. The matrix structure in Delphi survey gave us the precise basis to make optimal decision, and made it possible to develop an opinion predicting model. However the plentifulness and diversity of professional opinions were not fully obtained due to the limited number of decision criteria.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare sociodemographic characteristics of a normal cognitive group and mild cognitive impairment group, and establish prediction models of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis research using data from "the 4th Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing" of the Korea Employment Information Service. A total of 6,405 individuals, including 1,329 individuals with MCI and 5,076 individuals with normal cognitive abilities, were part of the study. Based on the panel survey items, the research used 28 variables. The methods of analysis included a χ²-test, logistic regression analysis, decision tree analysis, predicted error rate, and an ROC curve calculated using SPSS 23.0 and SAS 13.2. Results: In the MCI group, the mean age was 71.4 and 65.8% of the participants was women. There were statistically significant differences in gender, age, and education in both groups. Predictors of MCI determined by using a logistic regression analysis were gender, age, education, instrumental activity of daily living (IADL), perceived health status, participation group, cultural activities, and life satisfaction. Decision tree analysis of predictors of MCI identified education, age, life satisfaction, and IADL as predictors. Conclusion: The accuracy of logistic regression model for MCI is slightly higher than that of decision tree model. The implementation of the prediction model for MCI established in this study may be utilized to identify middle-aged and elderly people with risks of MCI. Therefore, this study may contribute to the prevention and reduction of dementia.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2006

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Amomum villosum(AMV) on the Alzheimer's disease. The effects of AMV extract on amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE), glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) mRNA of PC-12 cell line treated by amyloid $\beta$ protein($A{\beta}$) : IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA of THP-1 cell line treated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) : AChE activity of PC-12 cell lysate treated by $A{\beta}$ : serum glucose, uric acid, AChE activity of memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine : behavior of memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine were investigated, respectively. AMV extract suppressed APP, AChE, GFAP mRNA in PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ : IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA in THP-1 cell treated by LPS , AChE activity in cell lysate of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$. AMV extract increased glucose, decreased uric acid and AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine. AMV extract group showed significantly inhibitory effect on the memory deficit of mice induced by scopolamine in the experiment of Morris water maze. According to the above results, it is suggested that AMV extract might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.42-57
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• 2020

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is indicated for various mental disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder) and the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in elderly patients. Furthermore, ECT is a useful first-line treatment in emergency and crisis situations such as suicide risk, violent behavior, catatonia, and food refusal, which are more frequent in elderly patients. ECT is also effective in the treatment of the motor symptoms of neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Due to the high risk of various physical diseases, the comorbid physical conditions of elderly patients should be individually controlled to optimize ECT treatment. Compared to young adults, in elderly patients the seizure threshold is higher, the seizure duration is shorter, and the anesthetic dose is lower. On the contrary, the response rate in the elderly is both faster and higher. Considering potential cognitive decline and the prevention of further deterioration of cognitive function in elderly patients, in the absence of significant comorbidities, twice weekly sessions and right unilateral electrode placement with a lower seizure threshold and less cognitive effect are preferred to bilateral electrode placement, which has a high risk of adverse cognitive effects. After an acute course of ECT, continuation and maintenance of ECT, combined with prescription of therapeutic drugs, may prevent possible relapse or recurrence of mental disorders. In conclusion, ECT can be used to treat mental disorders in elderly adults, with safety and effectiveness comparable to that in young adults.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2005

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Phellodendron amurense(PLDA) on the Alzheimer's disease. The effects of PLDA extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE), glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) mRNA of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ plus $rIL-1{\beta}$ and AChE activity of PC-12 cell lysate treated by $A{\beta}$ plus $rIL-1{\beta}$ and behavior of memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine and mice glucose, uric acid, AChE activity of memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine were investigated, respectively. PLDA extract suppressed $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, APP, AChE, GFAP mRNA in PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ plus $rIL-1{\beta}$ ; AChE activity in cell lysate of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ plus $rIL-1{\beta}$. PLDA extract increased glucose, decreased uric acid and AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine. PLDA extract group showed significantly inhibitory effect on the memory deficit of mice induced by scopolamine in the experiment of Morris water maze. According to the above results, it is suggested that PLDA extract might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2012

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify differences of duties, tasks, and task elements of care helpers between long term care (LTC) facilities and client's home (CH), and to provide data for the development of educational programs and policies. Methods: This study was a descriptive investigation; the subjects of the study were 418 care helpers. Duties, tasks, and task elements were measured using the framework proposed by Shin et al. (2012). Data were analyzed by t-test using PASW 18.0. Results: All of the jobs were statistically significant differences between LTC and CH. Dietary assistance and Daily work assistance were more frequently in CH, and the frequency of other tasks was higher in LTC than CH. Tasks with higher-reported difficulty by those who worked in LTC were as follows: personal hygiene, position change and movement, exercise and activity assistance, safety care, communication assistance, dietary assistance, environment management, daily work assistance, emergency prevention, early detection and speedy reporting, and dementia patient care. Conclusion: These findings suggest that training for care helpers of each facility type will be differentiated. Tasks and task elements reported by care helpers were modified and added to the standard textbook.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2009

The nursing home for the elderly has a weak point for evacuation from the fire because most of all the users are suffering from a dementia or paralysis. When it comes to night shift, it is much difficult to get them evacuated due to the lack of staffs. In addition to that, the nursing home for the elderly has such a strict control system for access that does not have a utility for escape opening. That is why they need the differentiated evacuation planning. This study is to consider the point at issues on the present conditions of law, system, and evacuation plans for the nursing home for the elderly that has some difficulties because of impaired functions of residences. This study dealt with the point at facilities and operations of the emergency evacuation system. First of all, for the point at the facilities, I found that it need to be considered on the characteristics of the elderly who has any difficulties of the self evacuation. And the established regulation did not reflect the characteristics of closed area of the nursing home for the elderly. The second, for the point at the operation of the institutions, it is pointed that there seems to be a lack of ways to manage to a emergency situation and educations on the operation staff. And the last, for the point at the operation, the requirement for the managers of fire prevention facilities are similar to that of a normal building. Furthermore there is a lack of corporation with the fire station.