• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.134-143
• /
• 2020

With the worldwide spread of African swine fever, interest in livestock epidemics is growing. Livestock transport vehicles are the main cause of the spread of livestock epidemics, but no empirical quarantine procedures and standards related to the mobility of livestock transport vehicles in South Korea. This study extracted livestock-related vehicles' trajectory by utilizing the facility visit history data from the Korea Animal Health Integrated System and the DTG (Digital Tachograph) data from the Korea Transportation Safety Authority and presented them as exposure indexes aggregating the link-time occupancy of each vehicle. As a result, a total of 274,519 livestock-related vehicle trajectories were extracted, and exposure values by link and zone were quantitatively derived. Through this study, it is expected that prior monitoring of livestock transport vehicles and the establishment of post-disaster prevention policies would be provided.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.7045-7056
• /
• 2013

Since the first report of RNA interference (RNAi) less than a decade ago, this type of molecular intervention has been introduced to repress gene expression in vitro and also for in vivo studies in mammals. Understanding the mechanisms of action of synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) underlies use as therapeutic agents in the areas of cancer and viral infection. Recent studies have also promoted different theories about cell-specific targeting of siRNAs. Design and delivery strategies for successful treatment of human diseases are becomingmore established and relationships between miRNA and RNAi pathways have been revealed as virus-host cell interactions. Although both are well conserved in plants, invertebrates and mammals, there is also variabilityand a more complete understanding of differences will be needed for optimal application. RNA interference (RNAi) is rapid, cheap and selective in complex biological systems and has created new insight sin fields of cancer research, genetic disorders, virology and drug design. Our knowledge about the role of miRNAs and siRNAs pathways in virus-host cell interactions in virus infected cells is incomplete. There are different viral diseases but few antiviral drugs are available. For example, acyclovir for herpes viruses, alpha-interferon for hepatitis C and B viruses and anti-retroviral for HIV are accessible. Also cancer is obviously an important target for siRNA-based therapies, but the main problem in cancer therapy is targeting metastatic cells which spread from the original tumor. There are also other possible reservations and problems that might delay or even hinder siRNA-based therapies for the treatment of certain conditions; however, this remains the most promising approach for a wide range of diseases. Clearly, more studies must be done to allow efficient delivery and better understanding of unwanted side effects of siRNA-based therapies. In this review miRNA and RNAi biology, experimental design, anti-viral and anti-cancer effects are discussed.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2022

The importance of prevention of epidemics is increasing due to the serious spread of infectious diseases. For prevention of epidemics, we need to focus on the non-contact industry. Therefore, in this paper, a face recognition door lock that controls access through non-contact is designed and developed. First very simple features are combined to find objects and face recognition is performed using Haar-based cascade algorithm. Then the texture of the image is binarized to find features using LBPH. An non-contact door lock system which composed of Raspberry PI 3B+ board, an ultrasonic sensor, a camera module, a motor, etc. are suggested. To verify actual performance and ascertain the impact of light sources, various experiment were conducted. As experimental results, the maximum value of the recognition rate was about 85.7%.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2021

COVID-19, which has spread around the world, is also affecting local economic industries such as the domestic tourism industry and the service industry. In particular, the quality of life is threatened as safety prevention rules related to infectious diseases such as social distancing have been regularized. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact on safety quarantine on users of the summer festival at Songho Beach in Haenam, a summer resort. In addition, it protrudes through big data surveys, demographic analysis, and technology analysis on the management of users who have changed in the COVID-19 era. It is expected to be a reference material by utilizing practical data on users in the future. In addition, this study is significant that it has been reviewed for safety and satisfaction for tourists using the summer beach festival through quarantine management using ICT technology in the COVID-19 situation, and needs to be used as good guidelines and examples for this study in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.1042-1055
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing college students' intention to continue COVID-19 infection prevention behavior. The study subjects were collected from May 9 to June 17, 2022, from 209 students at D College, and the collected data were descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Multiple regression analysis. As a result of this study, COVID19 vaccination attitude was significantly positively correlated with COVID19-related anxiety, health beliefs, and intention to continue COVID19 prevention behavior, COVID19-related anxiety was significantly positively correlated with COVID19 stress, health beliefs, and COVID19 stress was significantly positively correlated with health beliefs, and health beliefs were significantly correlated with COVID19 prevention behavior intention. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the factors that significantly influence the intention to continue COVID19 infection prevention behavior were COVID19-related anxiety (𝛽=.35, p=<.001), health beliefs (𝛽=.17, p=.011), and COVID19 vaccination attitude (𝛽=.14, p=.035), followed by explanatory power of 25.2%. Therefore, it provided implications for the need for strategic development of countermeasures to prevent the spread of infection in the event of similar infectious diseases in the future by maintaining the continuity of infection prevention actions.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.89-112
• /
• 2023

In March 2020, as it was declared a COVID-19 pandemic, various quarantine measures were taken. Accordingly, many changes have occurred in the tourism and hospitality industries. In particular, quarantine guidelines, such as the introduction of non-face-to-face services and social distancing, were implemented in the restaurant industry. For decades, research on restaurant attributes has emphasized the importance of three attributes: atmosphere, service quality, and food quality. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, research on restaurant attributes considering the COVID-19 situation is insufficient. To respond to this call, this study attempted an exploratory approach to classify new restaurant attributes based on understanding environmental changes. This study considered 31,115 online reviews registered in Naverplace as an analysis unit, with 475 general restaurants located in Euljiro, Seoul. Further, we attempted to classify restaurant attributes by clustering words within online reviews through TF-IDF and LDA topic modeling techniques. As a result of the analysis, the factors of "prevention of infectious diseases" were derived as new attributes of restaurants in the context of COVID-19 situations, along with the atmosphere, service quality, and food quality. This study is of academic significance by expanding the literature of existing restaurant attributes in that it categorized the three attributes presented by existing restaurant attributes and further presented new attributes. Moreover, the analysis results have led to the formulation of practical recommendations, considering both the operational aspects of restaurants and policy implications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.269-278
• /
• 2023

Antibiotics either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. However, antibiotic-resistant bacteria are difficult to treat with antibiotics. Infections caused by such bacteria often lead to severe diseases. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) can be horizontally transmitted across different bacterial species, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of how ARGs spread across various environments. In this study, we analyzed the plasmid sequences of 33 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from pigs, farms, and their owners. We conducted an antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) with aztreonam and seven other antibiotics, as well as whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the strains using MinION. Our results demonstrated that the plasmids that did not harbor ARGs were mostly non-conjugative, whereas the plasmids that harbored ARGs were conjugative. The arrangement of these ARGs exhibited a pattern of organization featuring a series of ARG cassettes, some of which were identical across the isolates collected from different sources. Therefore, this study suggests that the sets of ARG cassettes on plasmids were mostly shared between pigs and their owners. Hence, enhanced surveillance of ARG should be implemented in farm environments to proactively mitigate the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.614-621
• /
• 2020

Antibiotic pollution is one of the factors contributing to the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. Advanced oxidation and irradiation processes have been introduced to eliminate antibiotics from water and wastewater. However, few studies have reported the toxic effects of residual antibiotics and their byproducts induced by a treatment system. In this study, we compared the efficacies of chemical (high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)) and biological (antimicrobial susceptibility test) assays for measuring the concentrations of residual antibiotics after gamma irradiation for degrading amoxicillin, cephradine, lincomycin, and tetracycline. The concentrations of residual antibiotics estimated using the two assay methods were almost identical, except cephradine. In the case of cephradine, inhibited bacterial growth was observed that was equivalent to twice the concentration measured by HPLC in the samples subjected to gamma irradiation. The observed inhibition of bacterial growth suggested the generation of potentially toxic intermediates following antibiotic degradation. These results indicate that biological and chemical assays should be used in concert for monitoring antibiotic contamination and the toxic derivatives of antibiotic degradation. The results demonstrate that these four antibiotics can be decomposed by 2.0 kGy gamma-irradiation without toxic effects of their byproducts.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.45-57
• /
• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the perception of nutrition teachers about emergency meals in all schools affiliated with the Seoul Office of Education. The purpose of this study was to suggest the need for emergency meals and provide directions for future development, thereby assisting meal service sites. An online survey was conducted from May 26 to 31, 2021, analyzing 130 collected samples. The summary of the results is as follows: First, the nutrition teachers recognized the need for school meal services for the prevention of the spread of infectious diseases and considered the variance among school meal consumers. Also, they generally thought of emergency meals due to the need for social distancing and the decrease in the distribution of food. Secondly, in terms of the differences in the perception about emergency meals, nutrition teachers (45.4%) who have provided emergency meals (t=2.584, P<0.05) were more aware of the need for emergency meals than nutrition teachers (54.6%) who had not provided emergency meals. Nutrition teachers conceived emergency meals to minimize the contact between people (45.6%) and to rectify the imbalance in nutrition (37.5). Next, emergency meal attributes were observed to be ranked in the order of convenience (3.49), safety (3.15), and satisfaction (2.88). Fourthly, although there were no meaningful differences in emergency meal attributes, there were statistically significant differences in the safety of the cooking process, menu familiarity, the low unit price compared to regular meals and the excellent satisfaction with nutrition provided (t=2.603, P<0.05), (t=2.039, P<0.05), (t=2.154, P<0.05), (t=2.477, P<0.05) respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.11-50
• /
• 2023

As the field of interventional pain management (IPM) grows, the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) is increasing. SSI is defined as an infection of the incision or organ/space that occurs within one month after operation or three months after implantation. It is also common to find patients with suspected infection in an outpatient clinic. The most frequent IPM procedures are performed in the spine. Even though primary pyogenic spondylodiscitis via hematogenous spread is the most common type among spinal infections, secondary spinal infections from direct inoculation should be monitored after IPM procedures. Various preventive guidelines for SSI have been published. Cefazolin, followed by vancomycin, is the most commonly used surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in IPM. Diagnosis of SSI is confirmed by purulent discharge, isolation of causative organisms, pain/tenderness, swelling, redness, or heat, or diagnosis by a surgeon or attending physician. Inflammatory markers include traditional (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell count) and novel (procalcitonin, serum amyloid A, and presepsin) markers. Empirical antibiotic therapy is defined as the initial administration of antibiotics within at least 24 hours prior to the results of blood culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Definitive antibiotic therapy is initiated based on the above culture and testing. Combination antibiotic therapy for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections appears to be superior to monotherapy in mortality with the risk of increasing antibiotic resistance rates. The never-ending war between bacterial resistance and new antibiotics is continuing. This article reviews prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infection in pain medicine.