• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.983-995
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• 1997

As a high-speed train enters a tunnel, a compression wave is generated ahead of it due to the piston action of train. The compression waves propagate along the tunnel and reflect backward at the exit of tunnel. A complex wave phenomenon appears in the tunnel, because of the successive reflections of the pressure waves at the exit and entrance of tunnel. The pressure waves can give rise to large pressure transients which impose the fluctuating loads on the running train. It is highly needed that the pressure transients should be predicted to design the train body and to improve the comfort for the passengers in the train. In the present study, the pressure transients and aerodynamic drag for two-trains running in a tunnel were calculated numerically for a wide range of train speed, and compared with the results of the previous tunnel tests and calculations for one train. The present calculation results agreed with ones of the tunnel tests, and the mechanism of pressure transients was made clear.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

Objectives: Existing cardiovascular simulators are used to evaluate artificial organs such as artificial hearts, prosthetic valves, and artificial blood vessels, and pulses are typically triggered using artificial hearts. However, the forms of pulse waves vary according to the location of arteries, and for precise assessment of artificial blood vessels, the development of simulators that generate diverse pressure pulse waves is necessary. This study developed a novel cardiovascular simulator that generates different forms of pulse waves. Methods: This simulator consists of a stepping motor, a slider-crank mechanism that transforms the rotation movement of a motor into the straight-line motion of a piston, a piston that generates pulsatile flows, a water tank that supplies fluids, an elastic tube made of silicon, and a device that adjusts the terminal resistance of fluids. Results & Conclusion: This study examined motor rotation and its operation under conditions similar to the physiological conditions of the heart. The simulator developed in this study produced diverse forms of waves, and the generated pressure waves well satisfied physiological conditions.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.823-831
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• 1998

In order to investigate the impulsive noise at the exit of high-speed railway tunnel and the pressure transients inside the tunnel, numerical calculations using a Total Variation Dimishing difference scheme were applied to axisymmetric unsteady compressible flow field. Some compression wave forms were assumed to model the compression wave produced in real high-speed railway tunnel. The numerical data were extensively explored to analyze the peak over-pressure and maximum pressure gradient in the pressure wavefront. The effect of the distance and cross-sectional area ratio between two-continuous ducts on the characteristics of the pressure waves were investigated. The peak over-pressure inside the second duct decreases for the distance and cross-sectional area ratio between two tunnels to increase. The peak over-pressure and maximum pressure gradient of the pressure wavefront inside the second duct increase as the maximum pressure gradient of initial compression wave increases. The present results were qualitatively well agreed with the results of the previous shock tube experiment.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2000

1997년 11월 25일 겨울철에 남해안에서 이례적으로 남쪽으로부터 전파되는 높은 파고가 관측되었다. 4m 정도의 이러한 이상 파고는 시간차를 두고 마라도, 부산 그리고 울릉도 순서로 각각에 설치한 파고계에 관측되었으며 특히 서귀포항 공사 중에 발생하여 큰 피해를 입혔다. 겨울철에 발생하는 이상 남파는 저기압의 이상 발달 및 이동으로 인한 것으로 추측되며 이를 살펴보기 위하여 일기도 및 수치모델에 의한 파랑장의 분포 등을 조사하여 그 발생 가능성에 대하여 연구하였다. 앞으로도 겨울철에 발생할 수 있는 이러한 이상 남파에 대한 주의를 요한다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.453-466
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• 2008

In order to examine the generation mechanism of long ocean waves along the west coast of Korea and to understand the amplification process of the long ocean waves, sea level, atmospheric pressure and wind data observed every minute from 2007 March 29 to 2007 April 1 were analyzed and onedimensional numerical ocean model experiments were performed. An atmospheric pressure jump propagated southeastward from Backryungdo to Yeonggwang along the west coast of Korea with speed of $13{\sim}27\;m/s$ between 2007 March 30 23:00 and 2007 April 1 1:30. Average magnitude of pressure jump was 4.2 hPa. As a moving atmospheric jump propagated from north to south along the coast, long ocean waves were generated and the sea level abnormally rose or fell at Anheung, Kunsan, Wido and Yeonggwang. Average amplitude of sea level rise (or fall) was about 113.6 cm. In a one-dimensional numerical ocean model, nonlinear shallow water equations were numerically integrated and a moving atmospheric pressure jump with traveling speed of 24 m/s was used as an external force. While the atmospheric pressure jump travels over 60 m depth ocean, a long ocean wave is generated. Because the propagation speed of the atmospheric jump is almost equal to that of the long ocean wave, Proudman resonance occurs and the long ocean wave amplifies. As the atmospheric pressure jump moves into the coastal area shallower than 60 m, the speed of the long ocean wave decreases and Proudman resonance effect decreases. However, the amplitude of the long ocean wave increases and wave length becomes shorter because of shoaling effect. When the long ocean wave hits the land boundary, amplitude of the long ocean wave drastically amplifies due to reflection. Data analysis and numerical experiments suggest that the southeastward propagation of an atmospheric pressure jump over the shallow ocean, which is a necessary condition for Proudaman resonance, generated the long ocean waves along the west coast of Korea on 2007 March 31 and the ocean waves amplified due to shoaling effect in the coastal area and reflection at the shore.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2009

열차가 터널에 진입하면 열차의 전두부에 의해 압축파가, 후마부에 의해 팽창파가 터널 내에 각각 발생하게 된다. 터널내부에서 압축파와 팽창파가 열차와 서로 상호작용하면서 열차 실내/외의 양력은 급격하게 변화한다. 본 논문에서는 한국형 틸팅차량이 터널 주행 시 나타나는 차량의 실내 및 실외(차량표면) 압력변화 및 압력변화율을 분석하여, 터널길이와의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 또한, 현 틸팅차량의 기밀상태에서 터널주행 시 실내압력변화율을 검토하였다. 그 결과 길이가 짧은 터널에서는 압력파의 중첩이 발생하지 않아서 차량 실내/외 압력변화는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 하지만, 긴 터널에서는 압력파의 중첩과 차량과의 상호작용이 동시에 일어나면서 급격한 압력변화가 뚜렷하게 발생하였다. 또한, 특정한 길이의 터널에서는 압축파와 팽창파가 중첩되어 압력변화 및 변화율을 크게 완화시켰다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.132-139
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• 1995

Turbulent boundary layer pressure fluctuation exerted on the surface of a structure can give rise to a elastic stress wave on the surface of the structure. The stress wave so called surface wave, will not only propagate along the surface of structure but also penerate into the structure. To reduce the transmission of stress wave into the structure the elastomer layer is usually attactched on the surface of structure. The transfer function, which is defined herein as the ratio of stress waves at the surface and bottom of the elastomer layer, is derved by use of the cylindrical coordinates system. The elastodynamics of the elastomer layer subjected to the turbulent boundary layer pressure fluctuation is represented by the simplified one degree-of-freedom model for easy prediction of the stress wave transmission as well as efficient design of the elastomer layer.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제34회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.357-361
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• 2010

When high-pressure gas is exhausted through nozzle exit to the atmosphere, expanded supersonic jet is formed with the Mach disk at a specific condition. In two-dimensional supersonic jets, the hysteresis phenomenon of the reflected shock waves is found to occur under quasi-steady flow conditions. Transitional pressure ratio between the regular reflection and Mach reflection in the jet is affected by this phenomenon. In the present study, experiments are carried out on internal flow in a supersonic nozzle to clarify the hysteresis phenomena for the shock waves and to discuss its interdependence on the rate of the change of pressure ratio with time. Flow visualization is carried out separately on the straight and divergent channels downstream of the nozzle throat section. The influence that the hysteresis phenomena have on the location of shock wave in a supersonic nozzle is also investigated experimentally.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권1호통권31호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1999

In this paper, mathematical formulation of the high-order spectral/boundary-element method is shown. This method is one of the most efficient numerical methods by which the nonlinear gravity waves can be simulated in time-domain. Three-dimensional waves generated by a uniformly translating suriace pressure are calculated and discussed. The obtained results are compared with others results, The comparisons show good agreements.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.385-393
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• 2013

In this paper, the mechanism identification and the avoidance measures on the phenomena of transient acoustic vibration amplified at the water-supply piping system to regulate the steam temperature of the boiler reheater in 500MW class supercritical power plant are presented. The pressure pulsation waves induced by the impeller passing of two feed-water pumps with five blades are coincident with the local acoustic modes of boiler reheater water-supply piping system. There are the phenomena amplified at the peaks of 5X, 10X, 15X and 20X in spectrums of piping vibration, sound pressure, and the feed-water's pressure pulsation waves. The shut-off device is installed in the piping system for the interception of pressure pulsation waves transmitted from two feed-water pumps and the modified design change of the piping layout is applied for the acoustic resonance avoidance. The acoustic natural frequencies are separated from the harmonics of pressure pulsation waves induced by the pump impellers passing through the design change of the span length. The acoustic vibration is gone by resonance avoidance measures. As a result, more than 20 dBA reduction is achieved from 100 dBA to 80 dBA.