• 제목/요약/키워드: Prescription dose level

검색결과 37건 처리시간 0.025초

만분방(漫盆方)이 혈전(血栓) 병웅(病熊) 유관(有關) 인자(因子)에 미치는 영향(影響) (The Effect of Manbunbang on Thrombus Disease Related Factors)

  • 정우석;조한백;김송백;최창민;최철원
    • 대한한방부인과학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.55-82
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: In this study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory activity and anti-thrombosis effect of Manbunbang(MBB) prescribed to chronic PID patients. Methods: We studied inhibitory effect of platelet aggregation, suppression effect of GPIIb/IIIa activity and inhibitory effect of $TXB_2$ and $PGE_2$ biosynthesis which were caused by ADP, epinephrine, collagen and arachidonic acid in vitro. And suppression of pulmonary embolism, changes of related factors in dextran coagulation condition model and anti-oxidative effect of oxidative damage were studied in vivo. Results: MBB extract showed LD50 of $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ or higher in mouse lung fibroblast cells, and significantly decreased the GPT and GPT level in dextran coagulation condition model compared to the control. MBB extract showed dose-dependent inhibition effect on platelet coagulation induced by ADP, epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid. MBB extract showed dose-dependent inhibition effect on GPIIb/IIIa activities compared to the control. MBB extract significantly suppressed TXB2 and PGE2 biosynthesis compared to the control. MBB extract suppressed pulmonary embolism triggered by collagen and epinephrine by 37.5% compared to the control. MBB extract significantly suppressed the decrease of speed of bloodstream caused by blood coagulation in dextran coagulation condition model compared to the control. Concluson : The results strongly suggest the anti-inflammatory activity of Manbunbang through anti-thrombus. Various applications using Manbunbang on inflammatory diseases are anticipated. Anti-oxidative efficacy comparison data between the Manbunbang prescription and the drug compositions may be used as important clinical information, and further investigation of anti-oxidative activities of Chrysanthemum indicum and Rhemaniae Radix should be followed.

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HL-60 세포에 대한 건강의 분화유도 효과 (Effect of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum Extract on the Induction of HL-60 Human Leukemia Cell Differentiation)

  • 오유미;주성민;김영미;윤용갑;전병훈;김원신
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.345-351
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    • 2006
  • We have examined the induction of HL-60 cell differentiation by treatment of the water extract of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum, which is a Korean traditional herbal medicine. It was observed that HL-60 cell proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with various dose of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum extract. The level of inhibition was identical to those of ATRA-treated cells. Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum extract treatment caused a significant change in NBT reduction (47%) and enhanced ATRA-induced NBT reduction. Treatment of Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum to HL-60 cells increased only CD11 b expression in the cells, and also increased markedly G0/G1 stage arrest. This can suggest that Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum induced the differentiation of HL-60 cell and enhanced ATRA-induced differentiation predominantly along the granulocytic lineage. The results present here show that Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum extract contains the potential effect of differentiation induction or acts as a agent enhancing the induction of differentiation.

보건소 방문보건 대상 노인들의 투약 지시이행에 미치는 영향요인 분석 (Factors Predicting Medication Compliance among Elderly Visitors of Public Health Centers)

  • 김현숙;김희영
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.5-13
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate compliance with prescribed medication in the elderly visiting public health centers. Method: Data were collected from 665 elders living in Seoul and the Gyeonggi Province during the period from February 21 to June 30 in 2006. The data were collected through individual interviews and were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analysis with the SAS 9.1 program. Results: The mean of medication compliance was 2.97(${\pm}.68$) on a 5-point Likert scale. Specifically, compliance 3.14(${\pm}.70$) for medication dose, 2.94(${\pm}.77$) for medication frequency, and 2.84(${\pm}.79$) for medication time. The elderly with a higher level of education (${\beta}=.095$, p<.001), with health insurance (${\beta}=.208$, p=.0009) and with a higher level of family support (${\beta}=.040$, p=.0306) showed a higher level of mediation compliance. Female elders (${\beta}=.142$, p<.001) kept higher medication compliance than male ones. Conclusion: These findings suggest that people with low education, low socioeconomic status and less family support need more education before medication. The evaluation of medication compliance needs to be encouraged before starting medication to distinguish those who may not comply with medical prescription. Predictive factors identified in this study must be considered when designing interventions, program development and education for appropriate medication management for the elderly.

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청혈산(淸血散)이 ob/ob mouse의 혈당, 고지혈증, Polyol Pathway 및 Reactive Oxygen Species에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Cheonghyul-san on Blood Glucose, Hyperlipidemia, Polyol Pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species in ob/ob Mice)

  • 한상태;정지천
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.350-356
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    • 2008
  • Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might play a major role. Therefore, many efforts have been tried to regulate free oxygen radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Cheonghyul-san has been known to be effective for the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antiobesitic prescription, and composed of four crude herbs. In male ob/ob mouse with severe obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hypergiycemia, hyperlipidemia, the acting mechanisms of Cheonghyul-san were examined. Mice were grouped and treated for 5 weeks as follows. Both the lean (C57/BL6J black mice) and diabetic (ob/ob mice) control groups received standard chow. The experimental groups were fed with a diet of chow supplemented with 7.5, 15 and 30 mg Cheonghyul-san per 1 kg of body weight for 14 days. The effects of Cheonghyul-san extract on the ob/ob mice were observed by measuring the serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid components, and the kidney levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA+HAE, GSH and also the enzyme activities involved in polyol pathway. Cheonghyul-san lowered the levels of serum glucose and insulin in a dose dependent manner. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were decreased, while the HDL-cholesterol level was increased, in Cheonghyul-san treated groups. Renal aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were increased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were inhibited in the Cheonghyul-san-administered groups. Cheonghyul-san inhibited the generation of ROS in the kidney. Finally, MDA+HAE level was increased and the GSH level was decreased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were improved in the Cheonghyul-san-administered groups. The results suggested that Cheonghyul-san exerted the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities by regulating the activities of polyol pathway enzymes, scavenging ROS, regulating the MDA+HAE and GSH levels in the ob/ob mice.

보정방독탕 에탄올 추출물의 안전성에 대한 연구 (Study on the Safety of Bojungbangdocktang Ethanol Extract)

  • 이은옥;이효정;이효정;정수진;최도영;정희재;안규석;강종구;김성훈
    • 대한암한의학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.37-45
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    • 2010
  • Bojungbangdocktang (BJBDT), a formula of eight Oriental herbs, is a modified herbal prescription of Bangdoktang and Bojungbangamtang. Recently, BJBDT was demonstrated to inhibit angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, enhance hematopoiesis and protect cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in normal MCF-10A breast cells. Nevertheless, there is no safety study of BJBDT before clinical trial so far. Thus, in the current study, we investigated the toxicity about ethanol-extracted BJBDT. Male and female Spraque Dawley (SD) rats were given orally by BJBDT at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Mortality, clinical signs and measured change of body weight, food consumption and water consumption were observed. In addition, we performed ophthalmologic, urinary, hematological, blood serum biochemical and histopathological examination. Any general toxicity was not found in BJBDT treated group. Also, there were no significant differences in the parameters such as body weight, food consumption and water consumption, a lot of urine and blood factor levels except HCT, MCHC, Ca, TG, Glucose and T-Bilirubin level compared with control group. Although HCT was elevated and TG was decreased in male rats, and MCHC, Glucose and T-Bilirubin were elevated and Ca and HCT were decreased in female rats, these were within normal ranges. Finally, we determined that maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 1000 mg/kg and no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was 500 mg/kg. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BJBDT is very safe to SD rats.

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Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Cyclooxygenase-2 by Gamijihwang-tang Via Suppression of Nuclear Factor-B Activation in RAW 264.7 cells

  • Jang Du-Hyun;Kim Ji-Young;Han Eun-Hee;Park Hee-Ok;Kim Dong-Hee;Jeong Hye-Gwang;Yoo Dong-Yeol
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제19권5호
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    • pp.1405-1410
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    • 2005
  • Asthma is recognized today as an inflammatory disease of the lung characterized by acute non-specific airway hypersensitiveness in association with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Gamijihwang-tang(GJT), a fortified prescription of YMJHT, is applied for the treatments of chronic coughing and asthma, and post-delivery coughing and asthma in the gynecology. Also in the clinical practice, GJT is known to be very effective for controlling coughing and asthma as a cold sequoia. In this study, we investigated the effects of GJT on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production, and on the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. We found that GJT inhibited LPS-induced NO and $PGE_2$ production in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, GJT inhibited the expression of LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 protein and mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Treatment with GJT of RAW 264.7 cells transfected with a reporter construct indicated a reduced level of LPS-induced nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) activity and effectively lowered NF-kB binding as measured by transient transfection assay. These results suggest that the main inhibitory mechanism of the GJT may be the reduction of iNOS and COX-2 gene expression through blocking of NF-kB activation.

임산부의 방사선치료 시 태아선량 평가 (Estimation of Fetal Dose during Radiation Therapy of Pregnant Patient)

  • 정치훈;김찬용;김보겸;서석진;유숙현;박흥득
    • 대한방사선치료학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2007
  • 목 적: 임산부의 방사선치료시 태아에 조사되는 선량을 알아보고, 임상에 적용가능한 간단한 차폐방법을 적용하여 태아선량이 감소되는 정도를 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에 내원한 임신 24주째인 뇌전이 환자를 대상으로 전뇌 방사선치료를 시행하는 동안 태아에 조사되는 선량을 인체 팬톰(Anderson Rando Phantom, Alderson Research Laboratories Inc., USA)을 사용하여 평가하였다. 환자에 대한 치료처방은 일일선량 300 cGy, 10회, 총선량 3000 cGy, 그리고 치료조건은 에너지 6 MV, 조사야크기 $18{\times}22cm^2$이었다. 선량평가는 환자 치료조건과 동일한 상태로 조사야 하단에서 각각 30, 40, 50, 60 cm에서 전리함((TN30013, 0.6 cc Farmer type chamber, PTW Unidos, Germany)을 사용하여 측정하였고, 다음은 환자치료조건과 동일하지만 본원에서 고안한 추가 차폐방법(shielding wall, neck supporter, Pb sheets, acrylic bridge)을 이용하여 태아를 차폐한 다음 위의 측정점과 동일한 위치에서 측정하여 그 차폐효과를 비교 평가 하였다. 또한 추가 차폐한 상태에서 열형광선량계(4000, Harshaw, Solon Technologies Inc., USA)를 사용하여 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 cm 지점에서 측정하여 전리함 측정값과 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 전리함을 이용하여 측정한 결과 환자가 총선량 3,000 cGy를 받는 동안 태아에 조사될 수 있는 선량은, 추가 차폐가 없는 경우 조사야 하단 30, 40, 50, 60 cm에서 각각 3.20, 3.21, 1.44, 0.90 cGy, 추가 차폐가 있는 경우 0.88, 0.60, 0.35, 0.25 cGy로 추가 차폐를 하였을 경우 하지 않았을 경우보다 약 $70{\sim}80%$의 차폐효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 그리고 열형광선량계 측정결과는 1.8, 1.2, 0.8, 1.2, 0.8 (70 cm) cGy로 나타났다. 이로서 태아가 전 치료 과정중 받을 수 있는 총선량은 1 cGy 이하로 측정되었다. 결 론: 임산부의 방사선치료가 필수적으로 요구될 경우 고려되어야 할 가장 중요한 인자는 태아선량의 최소화가 될 것이다. 방사선장애의 역치선량이 $10{\sim}20cGy$인 것을 감안하면 상기 방법에 의한 임산부의 방사선치료는 이러한 목적에 부합될 뿐만 아니라 사용방법 또한 비교적 용이하다고 생각된다.

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다중표적 간암의 정위적체부방사선치료에서 무편평화여과기선질 용적변조회전치료의 유용성 평가 (A Study of volumetric modulated arc therapy for stereotactic body radiation therapy in case of multi-target liver cancer using flattening filter free beam)

  • 염미숙;윤인하;홍동기;백금문
    • 대한방사선치료학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.31-43
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    • 2015
  • 목 적 : 정위적체부방사선치료(Stereotatic body radiation therapy, SBRT)는 원발성 종양과 전이성 종양의 치료법으로 이용되어진다. SBRT는 높은 선량을 전달하기 때문에 MU(Monitor unit)의 증가로 치료시간이 길어지고 치료계획용적(Planning Target Volume, PTV) 주변의 정상장기를 효과적으로 보호할 수 있는 치료계획이 필요하다. 특히 다중표적의 경우 SBRT를 여러 번에 나누어 치료해야하거나 선량 겹침으로 인한 고 선량 영역(Hot spot)이 생길수도 있다. 본 연구는 다중표적 간암에서 TrueBeam STx(Varian, USA)의 무편평화여과기선질(Flattening filter free, FFF) beam을 이용한 용적변조회전치료(Volumetric modulated arc therapy, VMAT)의 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 다중표적 간암의 SBRT를 시행하는 5명의 환자를 대상으로 TrueBeam STx의 10MV FFF beam을 이용한 VMAT과 15MV 편평화여과기선질(Flattening filter, FF) beam을 이용한 입체조형치료(conformal radiotherapy, CRT)계획을 세웠다. 두 치료계획을 비교하기 위하여 선량용적히스토그램(Dose Volume Histogram, DVH)을 이용하여 치료계획용적(Planning Target Volume, PTV), 간, 십이지장, 장, 식도, 척수에 들어가는 선량을 평가하고 전체 MU 값을 비교하였다. 또한 두 치료계획의 치료시간을 비교하기 위하여 Beam on time을 평가하였다. 결 과 : PTV에 대한 처방선량지수(Conformity Index, CI), 선량균질지수(Homogeneity index, HI), 처방선량포함지수(Paddick's Conformity Index, PCI)의 평균값은 VMAT에서 각각 $1.006{\pm}0.028$, $1.098{\pm}0.016$, $1.132{\pm}0.084$, CRT에서 $1.381{\pm}0.419$ $1.136{\pm}0.042$, $1.534{\pm}0.465$로 평가되었다. 정상장기에 대한 선량은 CRT에서 VMAT 보다 약 1.8배 높은 선량으로 평가되었다. 전체 MU값은 VMAT에서 약 1.3배 높게 평가되었고 VMAT과 CRT 두 치료계획의 평균 Beam on time은 각각 6.8분, 21.3분으로 평가되었다. 결 론 : 다중표적 간암의 정위적체부방사선치료에서 FFF Beam을 이용한 VMAT을 적용하면 선량 겹침 없이 다중표적을 한 번에 치료할 수 있으며 PTV의 선량포함을 만족하면서 주위의 정상장기를 더 효과적으로 보호할 수 있는 치료계획이 가능하다. 또한 FFF Beam의 높은 선량률(Dose rate)을 이용하여 치료시간을 단축시켜 치료 중 발생할 수 있는 오차를 감소시킬 수 있다.

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간암환자를 대상으로 한 래피드아크 치료계획에서 아크수 및 회전범위가 선량분포에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Arc Number or Rotation Range upon Dose Distribution at RapidArc Planning for Liver Cancer)

  • 박혜진;김미화;전미선;오영택;서태석
    • 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.165-173
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문에서는 간암 환자를 대상으로 3차원입체조형치료와 세기조절방사선치료와 3종류의 래피드아크 치료를 위한 치료계획을 수행하여 각각의 선량분포와 선량 체적 히스토그램(Dose Volume Histogram, DVH)의 특성을 비교, 평가하고 이를 통해 래피드아크 치료 환자에 대한 적절한 갠트리 회전수의 범위를 제시하고자 하였다. 치료계획은 작은 종양의 용적을 가지며 내부 장기 및 종양의 움직임이 비교적 작은 간암환자를 대상으로 3차원입체조형치료와 세기조절방사선치료와 더블아크(double arcs)와 제한적인 트리플아크(limited triple arcs)와 멀티플아크(multiple arcs)치료에 대해 Eclipse 8.6 버전에서 시행하였다. 또한 치료계획 시 임상표적용적(Clinical Target Volume, CTV)과 치료표적용적(Planning Target Volume, PTV)에 동일한 최적화 조건을 적용하였고, 각각의 정상조직에는 개별적인 선량 제한치 적용대신 종양 주변 정상조직에서의 선량 감소율을 일괄적으로 적용하였다. 임상표적용적과 치료표적용적의 전체 몸에 적용한 치료계획 선량 제한치에 대한 실제 계산결과의 만족도는 래피드아크가 세기조절방사선치료보다 높았으며 래피드아크에서 더블아크와 제한적인 트리플아크와 멀티플아크는 만족도가 거의 동일하였다. 또한 각 치료계획에서 치료표적용적에 계획한 선량 제한치에 따라 SALT group이 제안한 Conformity Index (CI)가 0.98인 선량 분포범위에 처방선량을 결정하였다. 이때 RTOG에서 제안한 CI, Homogeneity Index (HI), Quality of Coverage (QOC)와 Lomax and Scheib에서 제안한 Healthy tissue conformity index (HTCI) 등을 평가하였다. 항목별로 차이는 있지만 총체적인 평가 결과는 멀티플아크가 전체적으로 좋았으며 모니터 단위 값의 비교에서도 멀티플아크가 가장 작았다. 본 연구를 통하여 래피드아크 치료는 기존에 시행하고 있는 3차원입체조형치료 또는 세기조절방사선치료 기법보다 더욱 최적의 선량 분포를 구현한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 래피드아크 치료계획에서 멀티플아크 치료계획은 더블 또는 제한된 트리플아크 치료계획보다 모니터 단위 값이 작고, 선량의 균질성 및 종양내의 최소선량은 비슷하거나 좋아지는 동시에 주변 정상조직에는 선량이 감소되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

상침자(桑椹子)추출물이 ob/ob mouse의 혈당, 혈청 지질, Polyol Pathway, AGE 및 RAGE에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Mori Fructus Extract on Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, Polyol Pathway, AGE and RAGE in ob/ob Mice)

  • 이민동;정지천
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.351-359
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    • 2009
  • Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might play a major role, Therefore, many efforts have been tried to regulate free oxygen radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Mori Fructus extract has been known to be effective for the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antiobesitic prescription, and composed of four crude herbs, The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mori Fructus extract in male ob/ob mouse with severe obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia. Mice were grouped and treated for 5 weeks as follows. Both the lean (C57BL/6J black mice) and diabetic (ob/ob mice) control groups received standard chow. The experimental groups were fed with a diet of chow supplemented with 7.5, 15 and 30 mg Mori Fructus extract per 1 kg of body weight for 14 days. The effects of Mori Fructus extract on the ob/ob mice were observed by measuring the serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid components, and the kidney levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA+HAE, GSH and also the enzyme activities involved in polyol pathway. Western blotting was performed using anti-AGE, anti-RAGE respectively. Mori Fructus extract lowered the levels of serum glucose and insulin in a dose dependent manner. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were decreased, while the HDL-cholesterol level was increased, in Mori Fructus extract treated groups. Renal aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were increased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were inhibited in the Mori Fructus extract-administered groups. Mori Fructus extract inhibited the generation of ROS in the kidney. MDA+HAE level was increased and the GSH level was decreased in the ob/ob mice, whereas those were improved in the Mori Fructus extract-administered groups. Mori Fructus extract inhibited the expression of AGE, RAGE in the ob/ob mice. The results suggested that Mori Fructus exerted the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities by regulating the activities of polyol pathway enzymes, scavenging the ROS, decreasing the MDA+HAE level, increasing the GSH level and inhibiting the expression of AGE, RAGE in the ob/ob mice.