• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.62-84
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• 2001

The purpose of the study was to compare patient's satisfaction on the pharmacy services after introducing the new system of separation of dispensing from prescribing medicines, between those filling their prescriptions from the pharmacy nearby hospitals and those from the pharmacy in their resident areas. To measure patient's satisfaction, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 354 outpatients who received prescriptions from any of the three university hospitals located in In-Cheon city. Study results showed that geographic accessibility to pharmacy was a main attribute to select pharmacy. Size of the pharmacy and availability of prescription drugs are the second major reasons for pharmacy selection for the patients from the pharmacy nearby hospital, whereas patronage is the second major reason for those from the pharmacy in resident areas. Overall satisfaction was higher among the patients from the pharmacy in resident areas than those from the pharmacy nearby hospitals, mainly due to better facilities(waiting area, public telephone, etc), kindness, cleanliness, shorter waiting time, and pharmacist's concern about patient's health. On the other hand, the patients of the pharmacy nearby hospitals showed low satisfaction because of long waiting time and the lack of pharmacist's knowledge and information about patients' health status and medication history. Patients visiting the hospital that has pharmacy-hospital cooperation system showed higher satisfaction as compared to those visiting the hospital without such system. This study provided an empirical evidence that it would be more advantageous for patients to receive pharmacy services from pharmacies located in their living areas than from pharmacies nearby hospitals. This implies that there is a strong need for adequate strategies to enhance the role of pharmacies in resident areas under the new system of separation of dispensing from prescribing medications.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was conducted in order to describe prescribing practices in treatment of pediatric bipolar disorder in a Korean inpatient sample. Methods : We performed a retrospective chart review of 66 youths who had been hospitalized and diagnosed with bipolar disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria. Demographics, clinical characteristics, medications used, doses, and related adverse events were examined. Results : Mood stabilizers and/or atypical antipsychotic medications were the primary treatment. Risperidone, valproate, and lithium were the most commonly used. Thirty seven patients (58.1%) were treated with combination therapy of an atypical antipsychotic and mood stabilizer for improvement of manic/mixed symptoms. Conclusion : Combination pharmacotherapy was necessary for most patients in this admission sample group. Conduct of further studies will be needed for evaluation of treatment response according to the clinical characteristics, and the safety and efficacy of treatment for child and adolescent bipolar disorder.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.24-39
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this survey is to examine Korean medical doctor's prescription status of Jaungo. Methods : The questionnaire was distributed via e-mail to Korean medical doctors who were registered in the association of Korean medicine from December 26th 2017 to February 5th 2018. We screened out respondents who didn't meet screening criteria. Results : Total 325 respondents completed answers, and the computerized data were analyzed. 74.7% of respondents were provided Jaungo from outside (extramural herbal dispensaries, pharmaceutical company). Almost all of the respondents (98.2%) were prescribing Jaungo in the form of ointment, and the cream container was the most commonly used container. In chief Indications of Jaungo were skin dryness (83.1%), pruritus (67.7%), burns (64.0%), and atopic dermatitis (60.9%). More than 60% of the respondents were prescribing Jaungo without additional herbs or additives. Most of patients were educated to apply Jaungo thinly to the affected area once or twice a day or frequently. Reason for dissatisfaction about Jaungo of patient were due to staining clothes (59.1%), offensive smell (44.0%), and poor texture (26.5%). Conclusions : Jaungo is a topical herbal agent frequently used in the Korean medicine. This is the first survey figure out current status of topical herbal agent in Korean medical doctors. The result of this study would contribute to progressing treatment method using topical herbal agent.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.264-272
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• 2015

Background: The over-prescription of acid-suppressive therapy for the provision of stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in hospitalized patients has been identified in a proceeding study. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate clinicians' beliefs, knowledge and other factors that influence the over-prescribing of SUP in low-risk, non-intensive care unit (non-ICU) patients. Method: A cross-sectional survey consisting of multiple-choice queries and close-ended questions was distributed to healthcare personnel at a major teaching hospital in Korea. Results: More than half of total respondents reported that they would continue SUP following patients discharge from the ICU (77.8%, 43.5%, and 39.7% in the physician, pharmacist, and nurse groups, respectively). Over 55% of physicians would also initiate non-ICU patients on SUP upon hospital admission, and 42.6% of physicians would even continue prophylaxis post hospital discharge. The mean knowledge score regarding SUP indications and side effects was higher in pharmacists compared to physicians and nurses (12.44, 7.40, and 7.28, respectively; p<0.001). High-prescribing behavior was associated with a prescriber's belief that SUP is effective for preventing bleeding (odds ratio 7.40; 95% confidence interval 1.57 to 31.94; p=0.012). Low knowledge score and computerized order set also showed statistically significant association with the overutilization of SUP.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2012

This study was aimed to examine the prescribing patterns of antivirals in outpatients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), using National Health Insurance adjudicated claims data (total 1,426,065 claims) dated March 19, 2008 submitted from nationwide healthcare providers to Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. From the data, there were 2,965 claims with CHB diagnosis (ICD-10 code B18.0 and B18.1), and 44.2% (1,311 claims) of the CHB related claims included antivirals such as lamivudine, clevudine, adefovir and entecavir. Lamivudine, adefovir, clevudine and entecavir shared 54.9%, 19.9%, 13.2% and 11.9%, respectively, among antiviral prescriptions. Adefovir and entecavir 1mg presumed as the 2nd line therapy for HBV resistant cases were shared 23.3% of overall antiviral prescriptions. There were statistically significant difference in prescription patterns according to age and institution type: Lamivudine usage was higher in younger (< 20 years old) and older age group (> 70 years old) than the others (p = 0.016), and adefovir and entecavir, which were relatively newer antivirals, had higher prescription rates in higher level of institutions such as tertiary hospitals than the others (p < 0.001). This study would be of help to make an appropriate drug therapy plan for patients with CHB.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2012

목적: 급성 상기도 감염에 사용되는 항생제 처방유형을 조사하여 항생제 사용을 개선하는데 있다. 방법: 2011년 1월부터 6월까지 경상대학교 병원을 포함한 10개 국립대학병원을 대상으로 급성 상기도 감염에 사용한 항생제 처방율을 조사하고, 경상대학교병원에서 급성 상기도 감염에 사용한 2011년 1월부터 6월까지의 외래환자를 대상으로 항생제 처방 내역을 전자의무기록을 통하여 후향적으로 분석한 후 처방의를 대상으로 항생제 사용 적정성 검토를 위한 그룹미팅 및 교육, 급성 상기도 감염에 항생제 처방 시 경고 안내문을 보여주는 등 중재활동 후 2011년 12월에 처방유형을 조사 하였다. 결과: 경상대학교병원에서 2011년 1월부터 6월까지 급성 상기도 감염에 항생제 사용은 1739명의 상기도 감염 외래환자 중에서 874명 (42.3%)으로 나타났다. 진료과별 급성 상기도 감염에 대한 항생제 처방은 소아과, 이비인후과, 내과, 응급의학과, 호흡기내과, 흉부외과 등에서 처방하였으며 소아과에서 1044명의 상기도 감염환자 중 556건(53.3%)로 가장 빈번하게 사용하였으며 처방율은 이비인후과에서 58.9% (225/382)로 가장 높았다. 사용한 항생제로는 amoxicillin-clavulanic acid가 371례 (36.3%)로 가장 빈번하게 처방된 약제이며, azithromycin이 85례 (9.7%) 처방되었다. 급성 상기도 감염 중 급성 편도염에 항생제 처방율이 가장 높았으며 (70.8%, 80/113), 급성 인두염에 가장 빈번하게 사용되었다 (61.1%, 319/522). 균동정을 위한 혈액배양 의뢰 건수는 1739 상기도 감염 환자 중 15명 (항생제 미사용 4명, 사용 11명)이 의뢰되었으며 모두 음성이었다. 중재활동 후 2011년 12월 상기도 감염에 항생제 처방건수는 소아과에서 1건, 이비인후과에서 2건으로 나타났다. 결론: 처방의를 대상으로 적절한 항생제를 사용을 권장하는 지속적인 교육 및 항생제 처방시 경고 안내문을 띄우는 등의 중재활동과 지속적인 모니터링 및 피드백은 급성 상기도 감염에 있어서 항생제 처방유형에 변화를 보였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2015

Background: Antibiotic resistance has been becoming serious challenge to human beings. Overuse of antibiotics, especially, for infants is concerned, but studies are very few for the prescribing pattern of antibiotic use for infants. This study analyzes prescribing patterns of antibiotics in outpatients of preschool children with acute respiratory tract infections in South Korea. Methods: Data are used from 2011 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Services-pediatric patients sample. Inclusion criteria is outpatient children (0 to 5 years) with top five frequent diseases. Prescription rates are analyzed by types of disease, provider, specialty, region, and ages. Binary or multinomial logit models are used to analyze determinants of providers' prescription pattern. Results: The main findings are as follows. First, distributions of prescription rates are shown as L-shape or M-shape depending on the types of disease. Second, the prescription variation is so large among providers, where providers are polarized as a group with low prescription rates and the other group with high prescription rates, though the shapes are shown diversified across types of disease. Third, prescription rates appear to be lower in pediatrics and higher in ENT (ear-nose-throat). Fourth, broad spectrum antibiotics are widely used among children. Finally, the logit analysis shows similar results with descriptive statistics, but partly different results across types of disease. Conclusion: Antibiotics for respiratory tract infections of infants are used excessively with a large variation among providers, and especially broad spectrum antibiotics are used. The prescription guideline for antibiotics should be provided for each specific disease to reduce antibiotic resistance in the future.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2016

목적: 칼라 필터렌즈를 사용하여 대비감도의 변화를 알아보고 임상에 필요한 매뉴얼을 제시하고자 하였다. 방법: 정상 시각을 가진 성인 남녀 20명을 대상으로 황색, 오렌지색, 녹색 필터렌즈를 사용하여 대비감도를 측정했다. 다섯 개의 공간주파수 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 cpd를 사용하였으며 표적의 노출시간은 33 ms, 233 ms로 설정했다. 결과: 대비감도는 전체적으로 표적의 노출시간이 짧은 33 nm보다 233 ms에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 순간적인 노출(33 ms)에서 대비감도가 가장 높게 나타난 필터렌즈는 2 cpd에서의 황색(1.75 log unit)이었으나 233 ms에서는 8 cpd에서 필터를 삽입하지 않았을 때(1.85 log unit)가 가장 예민한 것으로 나타났지만 황색, 오렌지색 간 차이는 서로 근소하여 통계적 의미는 없었다(p>0.64). 결론: 색수차와 산란현상을 감소시켜 시기능을 개선시키는 황색 계열의 필터렌즈는 시기능 개선을 위한 다양한 목적으로 처방이 되고 있다. 필터렌즈를 처방하기에 앞서 cut off 파장을 고려한 필터렌즈의 특성을 파악하고 사용자의 특성과 필터렌즈의 사용 목적을 분명하게 확인할 것을 제안하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.18-33
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• 2017

As the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain gradually increases, clinicians have more opportunities to encounter opioid prescription. However, guidelines for prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain have never been published in Korea. The present guidelines were prepared by reviewing various research data. In cases in which the data were insufficient, recommendations were presented following discussion among experts affiliated with the Opioids Research Group in the Korean Pain Society. The present guidelines may need to be continuously revised and amended as more clinical evidence is acquired.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2020

Background: The number of patients with dementia continues to increase as the age of aging continues to grow. Psychiatric symptoms caused by senile dementia are controlled using antipsychotics. However, these antipsychotics can lead to Parkinson's disease, and abuse of dopamine derivatives such as levodopa among Parkinsonian drugs can lead to psychosis. Therefore, we evaluated the patterns of prescribed antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs in patients with senile dementia. Methods: We used data from the sample of elderly patients from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA-APS-2016). We analyzed the patterns of prescribing antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs including prescribed daily dosage, period of prescription, and number of patients with both antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs for senile dementia. Results: Among the 159,391 patients with dementia included in this analysis, 4,963 patients (3.1%) and 16,499 patients (10.4%) were prescribed typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs, respectively. The most frequently prescribed typical antipsychotic was haloperidol (4,351 patients with dementia), whereas the atypical agent was quetiapine (12,719 patients). The most frequently prescribed antiparkinsonian drugs were in the order of levodopa/carbidopa, benztropine, and ropinirole. In addition, 1,103 and 3,508 patients prescribed typical and atypical antipsychotics, respectively, were co-prescribed antiparkinsonian drugs. Conclusions: Atypical antipsychotics were the preferred prescription in patients with senile dementia. The prescription dose was relatively low; however, the average treatment duration was mostly long-term. Selection of antipsychotics and/or antiparkinsonian drugs should be made carefully in senile dementia and the causal relationship of adverse drug reactions needs further study.