• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.371-389
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the noble eight fold oriented meditation activities(NEFOM) interacts with young children's development of morality and sociability. This research has 56 participants aged 5 with a control group of 28 young children and another group with 28 kids. The instrument is a meditation program consisted with 10 training sessions; the noble eight fold was intensively applied and encouraged the participants to think of the behaviors that are desired in this theoretical framework. For the purpose, the research questions are as follows: First, are there effects of NEFOM on the morality of preschoolers. Second, are there effects of NEFOM on the sociality of preschooler. Main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: First, NEFOM can improve preschoolers' morality in a sense of making a decision based upon its right and wrong in intentions, rather than immediate gain and loss as a consequence of their actions. Second, NEFOM can facilitate sociability by providing some opportunities to feel joy, happiness, tranquility, and hopeful emotions, instead of negative feelings of depression, stress, and aggressiveness. Furthermore, it can suggest concrete behavioral directions for them. To summarize, the meditation activities designed by the eight principles of the noble eight fold have strong educational potential to facilitate seeking the foundations of mindsets and thus have positive impacts on young children's morality and sociability by encouraging them to think through the principles and concrete directions for the behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.109-123
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• 2006

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the needs of teachers in daycare centers for preschoolers in providing health education and health care services and to identify competencies and barriers to health education among the teachers. Method: A total of 410 teachers from 496 public daycare centers were recruited. Participating daycare centers were selected using a stratified sampling method. Data were collected from June to August 2002 using mailed questionnaires. Result: About 37% of the daycare centers provided health education more than 6 times during the past year and 92% provided annual health screenings. Traffic safety, personal hygiene, and sexuality education were most frequently provided. Regarding in-service education for daycare teachers, 62.7% had obtained health related education. Sexuality education, traffic accident, and injury prevention were the main topics for the in-service education. The teachers had relatively higher competencies and lower barriers to health education, while they also had proper knowledge related to health of children. Conclusion: Based on the study results, health professionals could plan and develop health promotion programs to meet the needs of teachers and children in daycare centers.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2003

This descriptive study was conducted to explore the mothers' perceived temperament of their preschoolers, and its related factors. Survey from 212 mothers of preschoolers residing in Seoul, Daejeon, and Suwon was performed, and Schaefer's MBRI(Maternal Behavior Research Instrument), and PTQ(Parent Temperament Questionnaire) by Thomas and Chess, Child-rearing burden instrument by Han were used to collect data from September 15 to October 31, 2002. Data was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 Win program. Summaries of results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in temperament type-easy or difficult child-depending upon the demographic characteristics. 2. In temperament subscale, boys showed higher activity level than girls, and in working mothers group, adaptability was significantly lower although mood was higher. Preschoolers with expanded families were higher in activity level and intensity of reaction than with nuclear families. 3. Approach-withdrawal, adaptability, and mood showed significant negative relationship with maternal childrearing burden. 4. Temperament showed significant positive or negative relationship with maternal childrearing attitudes. In conclusion, it determined preschoolers' temperament was affected by primary environment such as maternal attitude, childrearing burden, and family type as well as children's gender. It was suggested that parent education and counselling program in nursing would be needed to promote children's desirable temperament.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2009

Purpose: In an attempt to develop a parental health improvement education program for day care children, survey questions were devised to measured the extent of parental health knowledge, health-guidance execution and needs. Method: Participants were 727 parents whose children attended daycare centers in J province informed consent was provided prior to participation. Result: Respondents were overwhelmingly (91.6%) mothers. Questions with high percentage of incorrect answers were "What should I do if my child swallows harmful drugs, bleach or detergents?" (98.1%) and "What should I do if insects or other bugs enter my child's ear?" (96.6%). In most cases, parental health-guidance execution exceeded 90% except in response to the survey question "Does your child have a dental check-up every 6 months" (51%). Taken together, parental education is necessary concerning growth and development (12.8%), nutrition (12.1%), healthy life styles (10.3%) and general health issues (10.0%). Conclusions: Parental health knowledge about preschooler's health varies with degree of income, education and type of employment. Consideration of these variables is important in a parental health education program.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.79-96
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between preschooler's temperament, externalizing behavior problems and mother's parenting competency. The 5th Panel Study of Korean Children by Korea Institute of Child Care and Education were analyzed in this study by using the structural model. The major findings are as follows, First, preschoolers' emotionality temperament were found to have a negative effect on mothers' parenting competency. Preschoolers' activity and sociability temperament had a positive influence on mothers' parenting competency. Second, preschoolers's emotionality temperament also had a direct impact on their externalizing problems behavior, otherwise preschoolers's activity and sociability temperament were unrelated to that. Third, mothers' parenting competency had a negative influence on preschoolers' externalizing problems behavior. Finally, mothers' parenting competency had mediating effects between preschoolers' temperament and their externalizing problems behavior. These findings suggest that parental education should be concerned about parenting competency based on the understanding of preschooler's temperament.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.289-305
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• 2020

Picky eating behavior is a significant factor in causing unhealthy eating and disturbing the growth of children. This study examined picky eating behaviors and food intake of 112 preschoolers aged 3~5 year, picky eaters (n=41) and non-picky eaters (n=71), living in Dobong-gu, Seoul metropolitan area, South Korea. Picky eating questionnaires and three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from their caregivers. The difference between the two groups was verified using a Chi-square test or t-test and Pearson's correlation. Compared to the non-picky eaters, fussiness, satiety responsiveness, and refusal of food variety were significantly higher in picky eaters (P<0.001). Compared to the non-picky eaters, an assessnent of the preschooler's behavior and the caregivers' perception were positively correlated in picky eaters (r=0.749, P<0.001). The intakes of shellfish (P<0.05), vegetables (P<0.001), fiber, vitamin E (P<0.01), vitamin A, and folate (P<0.05) were significantly lower in picky eaters than the non-picky eaters. The major food sources of vitamin A and folate were vegetables, of which grains were the source of fiber, fats and oils were the source of Vitamin E, and root vegetables were source of vegetables in both picky and non-picky eaters. In conclusion, picky eating behaviors are related to different fussiness and slowness in eating. Therefore, it is suggested to increase the amount of meal and vegetable intake in picky eaters.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.83-93
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• 2002

This study was performed to evaluate the importance of parents, knowledge, cognition and behaviour about dental health care on the development of dental caries in preschoolers. Subjects were comprised of 170 preschoolers collected from three preschoolers placed in Pusan and Kimhae area and study period were 6 months from January, 2000. Examination on the preschoolers' dental health and questionnarie survey on parents' knowledge, cognition and behaviour about dental health care were conducted. Collected data were analyzed by chi-square test and t-test using SAS program. Dental caries was so prevalent as the rate of 73.5%. And, the rate was different by the area(p=0.001), and increased with preschooler's age(P=0.004). The parents gain the knowledge about dental health care mainly from dentist or dental hygienist(32.9%), newspaper, magazine booklets(26.5%), TV and VTR tape(20.0%), etc, but rarely from school health education(4.7%). Caries prevalence was significantly lower in case of regular brushing than that of insufficient brushing(p=0.002) and in case of consistently informing brushing time to their children(p=0.014). This results showed that the dental health care for preschoolers is insufficient and the most important factor for caries prevention is regular brushing. And it seemed that the parent's concern and knowledge play an important role for the prevention of preschooler's dental caries. Dental health education would be focused on the parents, especially for the practice of preventive behavior by preschoolers themselves.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.591-605
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• 2009

This study investigated preschoolers' behavior regulation and social adjustment by age and gender and examined relationships between behavior regulation and social adjustment. Behavior regulation was assessed by the Head-to-Toes Task (Cameron et al., 2008; McClelland et al., 2007); social adjustment was evaluated by teachers with the Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire (Jewsuwan et al., 1993). Subjects were 263 children aged 3-6 years. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVA, and partial correlation analysis. Findings showed (1) incremental differences in behavior regulation each year between 3- and 4-year-olds and between 4- and 5-year- olds. (2) Girls exhibited higher levels of behavior regulation and social adjustment than boys. (3) Behavior regulation and social adjustment correlated positively with each other.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1-15
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• 2010

The purpose of study was to investigate internal and external problem behavior according to types of multiple-attachments exhibited to both mothers and teachers. The subjects were 120 preschool children (between 4 to, -5 years old), their mothers and teachers. The attachment classification of these 120 preschoolers was evaluated by an attachment Q-set. Data was statistically analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA, and the Duncan test with the SPSS Win 13.0 program. Our results were as follows, Firstly, significant differences were observed in the internal problem behavior according to types of multiple-attachments. Second, significant differences were also observed in the external problem behavior according to types of multiple-attachments. This study suggests that secure attachment relationships with teachers may compensate for insecure relationships with mothers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.155-171
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were firstly, to examine the emergence of complex strategies for emotional regulation in 3 and 4 years old children, and secondly, to analyze the corresponding relationship of the preschoolers' strategies for emotional regulation and their mothers' responses. The subjects comprised 66 preschoolers(33 boys, 33 girls) and their mothers in J city. The results were as follows. First, the preschoolers' strategies for emotional regulation in frustrating episodes occurred in the following order; instrumental behaviors, cognitive reappraisal, distraction behaviors, and comforting behaviors. Second, the mother's responses to frustrating episodes occurred in the following order; cognitive reappraisal, instrumental behaviors, comforting behaviors, and distraction behaviors. Third, the corresponding relationship of the preschooler's strategies for emotional regulation and the mothers' responses to frustrating episodes were found to be of a similar patterns (e.g. preschoolers' cognitive reappraisal strategy and mothers' cognitive reappraisal response).