• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.429-436
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 피부의 표피와 진피에 분포하는 HaCaT 세포와 HDF 세포를 이용하여 항산화효과가 우수한 두릅순 추출물의 처리가 UVB에 의한 피부광노화를 억제할 수 있는지 알아보기 위하여 피부 염증반응과 관련한 사이토카인과 피부의 주요 구성 단백질인 collagen에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 MMP-1, type-I procollagen, TRPV-1 등의 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. HaCaT에 두릅순 추출물을 24시간 전처리한 경우 UVB ($55 mJ/cm^2$) 노출로 인해 증가한 염증매개인자인 IL-6, IL-8, $PGE_2$를 유의하게 감소시켰다. 또한, 피부 collagen의 정상적인 구조 및 양에 영향을 미치는 단백질들의 발현을 측정한 결과 HaCaT에서는 UVB 조사로 인해 증가한 TRPV-1과 MMP-1 단백질의 발현이 두릅순 에탄올 추출물의 전처리로 모두 감소하였고, HDF에서는 UVB를 조사한 대조군에 비하여 두릅순 추출물 처리가 MMP-1 단백질 발현을 감소시키는 동시에 collagen의 전구체인 type-I procollagen의 발현을 증가시키는 효과를 보였다. 이들 결과들로부터 항산화효과가 우수한 두릅순 70% 에탄올 추출물은 피부세포에서 UVB에 의한 염증반응을 억제시키는 동시에 피부 collagen의 감소를 억제시킴으로써 피부 광노화를 예방할 수 있는 천연 소재로 이용될 수 있다고 본다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.227-231
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• 2006

주름생성의 주요 원인은 자외선, 공기 오염, 담배 연기, 스트레스 등을 들 수 있다. 특히, 자외선은 피부에 다양한 형태로 영향을 주어 깊은 주름, 잔주름, 피부거침, 피부건조와 같은 현상을 발생시켜 피부노화를 유발시킨다. 이러한 주름 생성 해결 및 피부 노화 문제의 해결은 화장품에서 가장 활발하게 연구되는 분야 중 하나이다. 최근에 열대 식물인 노니로부터 추출한 유효성분이 주름 개선에서 가장 중요한 콜라겐 생합성을 촉진하는 효과를 확인하였으며, 특히 노니 추출물로부터 분리한 스코폴레틴(scopoletin)이 이러한 효과를 주는 활성 성분임을 확인하였다. 스코폴레틴은 인체 섬유아 세포를 이용한 콜라겐 합성 촉진 효과 시험에서 농도 의존적으로 콜라겐 합성을 촉진하는 활성을 보였다($0.2{\mu}g/mL-89.5%$ 콜라겐 생합성 촉진. 또한, 주름 개선 효과를 확인하기 위해 3% (v/v) 노니 추출물을 함유한 크림을 이용하여 12주 동안 임상연구를 수행하여, 안면의 주름 감소 정도를 측정하였으며 이 제품이 주름을 감소시켜주는 뛰어난 효과가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과들은 노니 추출물이 주름 개선효과가 매우 높으며, 노화 방지 원료로서 이용 가능성이 매우 높다는 것을 보여주는 것이라 할 수 있다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.119-133
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• 2001

켐크리트 개질 아스팔트 혼합물은 산소와 고온의 온도조건에서 급속하게 경화된다. 켐크리트 개질 혼합물을 아스팔트 포장의 표층에 적용할 경우 이러한 과다한 경화로 인하여 조기 균열이 발생되기도 한다. 이러한 조기 균열의 발생을 완화하기 위하여 켐크리트 개질 혼합물을 아스팔트 포장의 기층에 적용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 켐크리트 개질 아스팔트와 혼합물의 공용성을 규명하기 위하여 아스팔트 바인더에 대해 동적유동시험 및 처짐보유동시험 등을 실시하였고 혼합물에 대한 일축인장 피로 및 휠트래킹, 수분손상 시험 등을 실시하였다. 또한 현장에서 채취한 시편에 대해 회복탄성계수시험을 실시하여 일반 및 켐크리트 개질 혼합물의 강성을 비교분석하였다. 이상의 시험결과로부터 켐크리트 개질 혼합물은 일반 혼합물에 비해 소성변형에 대한 저항성이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 켐크리트 혼합물이 추운지방에 사용될 경우 저온균열의 문제가 발생할 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. 켐크리트 혼합물을 기층에 적용하여 2년 이상 경과한 경우 켐크리트 개질 혼합물은 일반 혼합물에 비해 강성이 약 50% 정도 증가됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10345-10350
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• 2015

Background: Punica granatum (family: Lythraceae) is mainly found in Iran, which is considered to be its primary centre of origin. Studies on pomegranate peel have revealed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis activities, with prevention of premature aging and reducing inflammation. In addition to this it is also useful in treating various diseases like diabetes, maintaining blood pressure and treatment of neoplasms such as prostate and breast cancer. Objectives: In this study we identified anti-cancer targets of active compounds like corilagin (tannins), quercetin (flavonoids) and pseudopelletierine (alkaloids) present in pomegranate peel by employing dual reverse screening and binding analysis. Materials and Methods: The potent targets of the pomegranate peel were annotated by the PharmMapper and ReverseScreen 3D, then compared with targets identified from different Bioassay databases (NPACT and HIT's). Docking was then further employed using AutoDock pyrx and validated through discovery studio for studying molecular interactions. Results: A number of potent anti-cancerous targets were attained from the PharmMapper server according to their fit score and from ReverseScreen 3D server according to decreasing 3D scores. Conclusion: The identified targets now need to be further validated through in vitro and in vivo studies.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occur commonly in the all living and in cycling cells. They constitute one of the most severe form of DNA damage, because they affect both strand of DNA. DSBs result in cell death or a genetic alterations including deletion, loss of heterozygosity, translocation, and chromosome loss. DSBs arise from endogenous sources like metabolic products and reactive oxygen, and also exogenous factors like ionizing radiation. Defective DNA DSBs can lead to toxicity and large scale sequence rearrangement that can cause cancer and promote premature aging. There are two major pathways for their repair: homologous recombination(HR) and non-homologous end-joining(NHEJ). The HR pathway is a known "error-free" repair mechanism, in which a homologous sister chromatid serves as a template. NHEJ, on the other hand, is a "error-prone" pathway, in which the two termini of the broken DNA molecule are used to form compatible ends that are directly ligated. This review aims to provide a fundamental understanding of how HR and NHEJ pathways operate, cause genome instability, and what kind of genes during the pathways are associated with head and neck cancer.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2017

저출산 고령화 시대에 청소년 사망원인 1위가 자살이라는 것은 일부 계층의 문제가 아니고 우리 사회가 해결해야 할 위급하고 중요한 사회적 문제로 인식되어야 한다. 우리는 일반 청소년을 대상으로 자살에 대한 올바른 태도와 이해를 습득하고 또래 친구의 자살징후를 조기에 발견하여 전문기관에 연계할 수 있는 자살예방 지킴이의 양성 교육을 지원하고자 한다. 본 논문은 청소년이 공감할 수 있는 구체적인 상황과 함께 연동하는 시나리오 기반 학습 프로그램과 이를 구현하여 청소년의 참여를 유도하는 비주얼 노벨 형식의 기능성 게임을 제안한다. 우리는 제안하는 교육용 기능성 게임이 스마트기기를 통한 교육현장과 청소년의 접근성 향상시킬 것으로 기대한다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.199-213
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• 2017

Chloride penetration is among the main causes of corrosion initiation in reinforced concrete (RC) structures producing premature degradations. Weather and exposure conditions directly affect chloride ingress mechanisms and therefore the operational service life and safety of RC structures. Consequently, comprehensive chloride ingress models are useful tools to estimate corrosion initiation risks and minimize maintenance costs for RC structures placed under chloride-contaminated environments. This paper first presents a coupled thermo-hydro-chemical model for predicting chloride penetration into concrete that accounts for realistic weather conditions. This complete numerical model takes into account multiple factors affecting chloride ingress such as diffusion, convection, chloride binding, ionic interaction, and concrete aging. Since the complete model could be computationally expensive for long-term assessment, this study also proposes model simplifications in order to reduce the computational cost. Long-term chloride assessments of complete and reduced models are compared for three locations in France (Brest, Strasbourg and Nice) characterized by different weather and exposure conditions (tidal zone, de-icing salts and salt spray). The comparative study indicates that the reduced model is computationally efficient and accurate for long-term chloride ingress modeling in comparison to the complete one. Given that long-term assessment requires larger climate databases, this research also studies how climate models may affect chloride ingress assessment. The results indicate that the selection of climate models as well as the considered training periods introduce significant errors for mid- and long- term chloride ingress assessment.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2011

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion is a well-known marker for oxidative stress and aging, and contributes to harmful effects in cultured cells and animal tissues. mtDNA biogenesis genes (NRF-1, TFAM) are essential for the maintenance of mtDNA, as well as the transcription and replication of mitochondrial genomes. Considering that oxidative stress is known to affect mitochondrial biogenesis, we hypothesized that ionizing radiation (IR)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes mtDNA deletion by modulating the mitochondrial biogenesis, thereby leading to cellular senescence. Therefore, we examined the effects of IR on ROS levels, cellular senescence, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mtDNA deletion in IMR-90 human lung fibroblast cells. Young IMR-90 cells at population doubling (PD) 39 were irradiated at 4 or 8 Gy. Old cells at PD55, and H2O2-treated young cells at PD 39, were compared as a positive control. The IR increased the intracellular ROS level, senescence-associated ${\beta}$-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) activity, and mtDNA common deletion (4977 bp), and it decreased the mRNA expression of NRF-1 and TFAM in IMR-90 cells. Similar results were also observed in old cells (PD 55) and $H_2O_2$-treated young cells. To confirm that a increase in ROS level is essential for mtDNA deletion and changes of mitochondrial biogenesis in irradiated cells, the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were examined. In irradiated and $H_2O_2$-treated cells, 5 mM NAC significantly attenuated the increases of ROS, mtDNA deletion, and SA-${\beta}$-gal activity, and recovered from decreased expressions of NRF-1 and TFAM mRNA. These results suggest that ROS is a key cause of IR-induced mtDNA deletion, and the suppression of the mitochondrial biogenesis gene may mediate this process.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2019

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation of the sunlight, especially UVA and UVB, is the primary environmental cause of skin damage, including topical inflammation, premature skin aging, and skin cancer. Previous reports show that activation of nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ ($NF-{\kappa}B$) in human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes after UV exposure induces the expression and release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), and subsequently leads to the production of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and growth factor basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Here, we demonstrated that TNFR2-SKEE and TNFR2-SKE, oligopeptides from TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2)-binding site of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2), strongly inhibited the interaction of TNFR1 as well as TNFR2 with TRAF2. In particular, TNFR2-SKE suppressed UVB- or $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced nuclear translocalization of activated $NF-{\kappa}B$ in mouse fibroblasts. It decreased the expression of bFGF, MMPs, and COX2, which were upregulated by $TNF-{\alpha}$, and increased procollagen production, which was reduced by $TNF-{\alpha}$. Furthermore, TNFR2-SKE inhibited the UVB-induced proliferation of keratinocytes and melanocytes in the mouse skin and the infiltration of immune cells into inflamed tissues. These results suggest that TNFR2-SKE may possess the clinical potency to alleviate UV-induced photoaging in human skin.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2018

Purpose: Preterm infants frequently require red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Storage RBCs undergo many changes during storage periods. We aimed to compare the hemoglobin (Hb) correction effect according to the period of RBC storage and investigate the factors influencing Hb correction. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 289 patients who received RBC transfusion more than once in the NICU of Kosin University Gospel Hospital between February 2006 and March 2016. The subjects were classified into two storage groups: short-term (${\leq}7days$, n=88) and long-term (>7 days, n=201), according to the period of RBC storage. We checked Hb levels by complete blood cell count tests conducted within 2 days before and 5 to 9 days after the first transfusion. We compared the Hb difference between the two groups and analyzed the factors influencing Hb correction. Results: Excluding the use of an invasive ventilator, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of clinical characteristics. There was no significant difference in the Hb correction effect between the two groups (P=0.537). Birth weight greater than 1,500 g, higher weight at transfusion, and larger volume of transfusion were significant prognostic factors affecting greater changes in Hb. In addition, surgery experience, higher Hb level at transfusion, and additional blood tests were found to be significantly associated with less changes in Hb. Conclusion: The RBC storage period did not affect the Hb correction effect. The Hb correction effect may be diminished in infants with lower birth weight and lower weight at transfusion under unstable clinical conditions.