• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권4호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2016

Active tuberculosis (TB) has a greater burden of TB bacilli than latent TB and acts as an infection source for contacts. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is the state in which humans are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis without any clinical symptoms, radiological abnormality, or microbiological evidence. TB is transmissible by respiratory droplet nucleus of $1-5{\mu}m$ in diameter, containing 1-10 TB bacilli. TB transmission is affected by the strength of the infectious source, infectiousness of TB bacilli, immunoresistance of the host, environmental stresses, and biosocial factors. Infection controls to reduce TB transmission consist of managerial activities, administrative control, engineering control, environmental control, and personal protective equipment provision. However, diagnosis and treatment for LTBI as a national TB control program is an important strategy on the precondition that active TB is not missed. Therefore, more concrete evidences for LTBI management based on clinical and public perspectives are needed.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제38권1_2호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2020

Recently Salkuyeh and Rahimian in (Comput. Math. Appl. 74 (2017) 2940-2949) proposed a modification of the generalized shift-splitting (MGSS) method for solving singular saddle point problems. In this paper, we present the spectral analysis of the MGSS preconditioner when it is applied to precondition the singular saddle point problems with the (1, 1) block being symmetric. Some eigenvalue bounds for the spectrum of the preconditioned matrix are given. We show that all the real eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix are in a positive interval and all nonzero eigenvalues having nonzero imaginary part are contained in an intersection of two circles.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2015

In this study, preconditioned adjoint equations for the quasi one-dimensional Euler equations are developed, and their computational benefit at all speed is assessed numerically. The preconditioned adjoint equations are derived without any assumptions on the preconditioning matrix. The dissipation for Roe type numerical flux is also suggested to scale the dissipation term properly at low Mach numbers as well as at high Mach numbers. The new preconditioned method is validated against analytical solutions. The convergence characteristics over wide range of Mach numbers is evaluated. Finally, several inverse designs for the nozzle are conducted and the applicability of the method is demonstrated.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

There are several ways to solve parking problem in the downtown. One of them is to manage parking efficiently, that is, to raise use-efficiency of parking place and to help in the block efficiently, it can prevent disproportion that some parking space is over capacity and the other parking one is under. It causes not only the disproportion of economic efficiency but also the congestion of local road. The precondition to manage parking efficiently is to analyse the parking characteristics. In this paper we build up total D/B by collecting every information about parking space. We developed the Parking Management System by using RFID and Sensor. The efficient Parking Management System is for convenience of drivers and efficient usage of parking space. And this system is also the basic study to be developed as the total Parking Management System by upgrading every information.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2020

Backward compatibility is one of the key issues for radio equipment supporting IEEE 802.11, the typical wireless local area networks (WLANs) communication protocol. For a successful packet decoding with the backward compatibility, the frame format detection is a core precondition. This paper presents a novel frame format detection method based on a deep learning procedure for WLANs affiliated with IEEE 802.11. Considering that the detection performance of conventional methods is degraded mainly due to the poor performances in the symbol synchronization and/or channel estimation in low signal-to-noise-ratio environments, we propose a novel detection method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) that replaces the entire conventional detection procedures. The proposed deep learning network provides a robust detection directly from the receive data. Through extensive computer simulations performed in the multipath fading channel environments (modeled by Project IEEE 802.11 Task Group ac), the proposed method exhibits superb improvement in the frame format detection compared to the conventional method.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2011

Prediction of demand for workforce in new and renewable energy is precondition for sustainable growth of an industry. The purpose of this research is to review prediction methods and case studies of workforce in new and renewable energy industry. This research compares the three methods in the focused on possibility of applying in renewable energy industry; survey, input-output and labor function estimation methods. Also, three cases are reviewed in the focused on applied method; Korea, America and Australia. As a result, the survey method was wildly used in the new and renewable industry. Also the improvement rates of work force are difference depending on the methodology. This result can be applied to set up the policy of human resource development of renewable energy.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2004

If it does not underestimata the livestock feces, it is analyzed that thc potential energy of consumption is sufficient. If consequently economic value evaluation of the livestock feces, environmentally use, the use of opportune and proper quantity, the logistics system development which connected the transportation and scattering, environmentally plan of public control facilities for livestock feces as a precondition of livestock feces consuming is been sufficient, the livestock feces problem of both farmhouse and the area which occurs excessively will be solve more economically and will be the possibility resources more efficiently as chemical fertilizer transfer.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권spc호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2003

Transitive relation and its directionality constitute the precondition for passivization, and the present study purports 10 unearth the true properties of transitivity in connection with the passive phenomena. The bottom line it drives at is this transitivity is a notion that can be best explained in 'cognitive' terms. The original direction of transitivity that is predicated by a verb can be reversed depending on the speaker's intention or the discourse situation. In the imperfective verb constructions transitivity can not be derived from only the content of the sentence itself and the predicate objectionally. That depends on the subjective interpretation of speaker considering the cognitive prototype of human to the various complicated situations.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.145-150
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• 2005

Generally, Compressible Navier-Stokes codes are used to solve high mach number flows. But, Most of high mach number flows embrace low mach number flows. This phenomenon results in low convergence rate and non-physical solution in CFD analysis. So Many researchers developed preconditioning technique to solve these problems. This Study presents how to modify previous compressible N-S computer code with little changes of structure into preconditioned compressible N-S code applying Roe's Approximate Riemann Solver. And this study show developed preconditioning code is very well operated at all mach number flows.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2007

도서관은 지식기반의 경제시대에도 지식정보의 유통과 확장을 선도해야 한다. 그것은 최적의 도서관경영이 중요하고 전제조건이 되어야 한다는 것을 함축하므로, 수직적 및 수평적 스펙트럼을 통찰할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 새로운 경영 및 행정패러다임의 부상에 따른 신공공경영론의 등장과 선진국의 행정개혁에 주목하여 도서관 경영환경의 복잡화, 경영패러다임의 다양화, 경영기법의 다원화를 분석하고 최근 동향을 논급하였다.