• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2010

Recent studies on the moment whirl due to leakage flow in the back shroud clearance of hydro-turbine runners or centrifugal pump impellers are summarized. First, destabilizing effect of leakage flow is discussed for lateral vibrations using simplified models. Then it is extended to the case of whirling motion of an overhung rotor and the criterion for the instability is obtained. The fluid moment caused by a leakage clearance flow between a rotating disk and a stationary casing was obtained by model tests under whirling and precession motion of the disk. It is shown that the whirl moment always destabilizes the whirl motion of the overhung rotor while the precession moment destabilizes the precession only when the precession speed is less than half the rotor speed. Then vibration analyses considering both whirl and precession are made by using the hydrodynamic moments determined by the model tests. For larger overhung rotors, the whirl moment is more important and cause whirl instability at all rotor speed. On the other hand, for smaller overhung rotors, the precession moment is more important and cancels the destabilizing effect of the whirl moment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2012

This paper presents a study on characteristics of precession motion of a smart munition. It's a kind of the Sensor Fuzed Weapon. The particular thing for the smart munition is that it has precession motion in the air while the sensor is searching the ground to detect ground vehicles such as tanks. The smart munition has a cylindrical shape and has a sensor attached on its side. Due to its non-uniform mass distribution, its center of gravity(CG) is located away from the center of volume(CV). In order for the smart munition to detect the target effectively, the ground searching pattern of sensor should have an uniform circular form, and for this, the precession motion of smart munition should be in its steady-state. Finally, it is necessary to choose the right initial conditions at the moment of firing, for the steady-state precession motion during flight.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.449-462
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• 2022

Space-telescopes placed in the Sun-Earth second Lagrange point (L2) observe the sky following a scan strategy that is usually based on a spin-precession motion. Knowing which regions of the sky will be more observed by the instrument is important for the science operations and the instrument calibration. Computing sky observation parameters numerically (discretizing time and the sky) can consume large amounts of time and computational resources, especially when high resolution isrequired.This problem becomesmore critical if quantities are evaluated at detector level instead of considering the instrument entire Field of View (FoV). In previous studies, the authors have derived analytic solutions for quantities that characterize the observation of each point in the sky in terms of observation time according to the scan strategy parameters and the instrument FoV. Analytic solutions allow to obtain results faster than using numerical methods as well as capture detailed characteristics which can be overseen due to discretization limitations. The original approach is based on the analytic expression of the instrument trace over the sky. Such equations are implicit and thusrequiresthe use of numeric solversto compute the quantities.In this work, a new and simpler approach for computing one ofsuch quantities(mean observation time) is presented.The quantity is first computed for pure spin motion and then the effect of the spin axis precession is incorporated under the assumption that the precession motion is slow compared to the spin motion.In this sense, this new approach further simplifies the analytic approach, sparing the use of numeric solvers, which reduces the complexity of the implementation and the computing time.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.190-196
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• 2008

The dynamical rotor system is investigated through the derivation and formulations of the dynamic equation of the rotating system in terms of both inertial and fixed frame of the system as well as quaternion. The investigation is aimed at analyzing the dynamical rotating system precession speed. The resulting equations of motion consist of the consistent mass matrix and gyroscopic matrix. The formulation shows its features and difference between its linearity and nonlinearity.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.67-79
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• 2010

Severe flexural vibration of the rotor shaft of a Francis turbine runner was experienced in the past. It was shown that the vibration was caused by the fluid forces and moments on the backshroud of the runner associated with the leakage flow through the back chamber. The aim of the present paper is to study the self-excited rotor vibration caused by the fluid force moments on the backshroud of a Francis turbine runner. The rotor vibration includes two fundamental motions, one is a whirling motion which only has a linear displacement and the other is a precession motion which only has an angular displacement. Accordingly, two types of fluid force moment are exerted on the rotor, the moment due to whirl and the moment due to precession. The main focus of the present paper is to clarify the contribution of each moment to the self-excited vibration of an overhung rotor. The runner was modeled by a disk and the whirl and the precession moments on the backshroud of the runner caused by the leakage flow were evaluated from the results of model tests conducted before. A lumped parameter model of a cantilevered rotor was used for the vibration analysis. By examining the frequency, the damping rate, the amplitude ratio of lateral and angular displacements for the cases with longer and shorter overhung rotor, it was found that the precession moment is more important for smaller overhung rotors and the whirl moment is more important for larger overhung rotors, although both types of moment due to the leakage flow can cause self-excited vibration of an overhung rotor.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.540-549
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• 2018

Classifying the front body of the missile and debris of a high-speed missile in intercepting a high-speed missile is an important issue. The motion of the front body of the missile is characterized by precession, but the motion of the debris in the boosting part separation phase is characterized by tumbling. There are periodic patterns caused by the precession or tumbling motion on the dynamic radar cross section (RCS). In addition, there are statistical properties caused by the change pattern of the dynamic RCS. A method is proposed to classify the front body of the missile and debris using periodic and statistical properties of the dynamic RCS. Three kinds of feature vector are extracted from the periodic and statistical properties of the dynamic RCS. The front body of the missiles and debris was classified using a support vector machine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2013

The spin-orbit interaction has received great attention in the field of spintronics, because of its property and applicability. For instance, the spin-orbit interaction induces spin precession which is the key element of spin transistor proposed by Datta and Das, since frequency of precession can be controlled by electric field. The spin-orbit interaction is classified according to its origin, Dresselhaus and Rashba spin-orbit interaction. In particular, the Rashba spin-orbit interaction is induced by inversion asymmetry of quantum well structure and the slope of conduction band represents the strength of Rashba spin-orbit interaction. The strength of spin-orbit interaction is experimentally obtained from the Shubnikov de Hass (SdH) oscillation. The SdH oscillation is resistance change of channel for perpendicular magnetic field as a result of Zeeman spin splitting of Landau level, quantization of cyclotron motion by applied magnetic field. The frequency of oscillation is different for spin up and down due to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. Consequently, the SdH oscillation shows the beat patterns. In many research studies, the spin-orbit interaction was treated as a tool for electrical manipulation of spin. On the other hands, it can be considered that the Rashba field, effective magnetic field induced by Rashba effect, may interact with external magnetic field. In order to investigate this issue, we utilized InAs quantum well layer, sandwiched by InGaAs/InAlAs as cladding layer. Then, the SdH oscillation was observed with tilted magnetic field in y-z plane. The y-component (longitudinal term) of applied magnetic field will interact with the Rashba field and the z-component (perpendicular term) will induce the Zeeman effect. As a result, the strength of spin-orbit interaction was increased (decreased), when applied magnetic field is parallel (anti-parallel) to the Rashba field. We found a possibility to control the spin precession with magnetic field.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2014

The Earth is not perfectly spherical and its rotational axis is not fixed in space, and these geophysical and kinematic irregularities work as dominant perturbations in satellite orbit propagation. The International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) provides the Conventions as guidelines for using the Earth's model and the reference time and coordinate systems defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). These guidelines are directly applied to model orbital dynamics of Earth satellites. In the present work, the effects of the latest conventions released in 2010 on orbit propagation are investigated by comparison with cases of applying the previous guidelines, IERS Conventions (2003). All seven major updates are tested, i.e., for the models of the precession/nutation, the geopotential, the ocean tides, the ocean pole tides, the free core nutation, the polar motion, and the solar system ephemeris. The resultant position differences for one week of orbit propagation range from tens of meters for the geopotential model change from EGM96 to EGM2008 to a few mm for the precession/nutation model change from IAU2000 to IAU2006. The along-track differences vary secularly while the cross-track components show periodic variation. However, the radial-track position differences are very small compared with the other components in all cases. These phenomena reflect the variation of the ascending node and the argument of latitude. The reason is that the changed models tested in the current study can be regarded as small fluctuations of the geopotential model from the point of view of orbital dynamics. The ascending node and the argument of latitude are more sensitive to the geopotential than the other elements. This study contributes to understanding of the relation between the Earth's geophysical properties and orbital motion of satellites as well as satellite-based observations.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2019

Being a torque free motion of the rotating Earth, Chandler wobble is the major component in the Earth's polar motion with amplitude about 0.05-0.2 arcsec and period about 430-435 days. Free core nutation, also called nearly diurnal free wobble, exists due to the elliptical core-mantle boundary in the Earth and takes almost the whole part of un-modelled variation of the Earth's pole in the celestial sphere beside precession and nutation. We hereby present a brief summary of their theories and report their recent features acquired from updated datasets (EOP C04 and ECMWF) by using Fourier transform, modelling, and wavelet analysis. Our new findings include (1) period-instability of free core nutation between 420 and 450 days as well as its large amplitude-variation, (2) re-determined Chandler period and its quality factor, (3) fast decrease in Chandler amplitude after 2010.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.94-94
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• 2010

Co/Pd multilayer systems have been investigated with much attention for a long time due to the high and easily controllable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Two [Pd(1)/Co(0.4 nm)]5 multilayer systems - one is as-deposit, and the other is annealed at $350^{\circ}C$ - are studied with an all-optical approach. A two-color optical pump probe setup using 30 fs laser pulse at 82 MHz repetition rate is used to measure the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr signal. It turns out the heat treatment enhances the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and leads to faster magnetization precession. The frequency reaches 30 GHz in the annealed sample, which is a factor of 2 larger compared to the as-deposit film.