• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2016

For electrolysis process using an insoluble electrode, electrochemical performance was greatly affected by the manufacturing method and procedure, such as the firing temperature, pre-treatment, type of precursor solution, coating method, electrode material, etc. Components of the electrode therein is one of the most important factors in electrochemical reaction. To achieve such characteristics, a appropriate ratio of the electrode material should be carefully chosen. The aim of this research was to apply experimental design method in the optimization of electrode component for the maximum generation of oxidants in electrochemical oxidation process. Mixture design, especially expanded simplex lattice design, in DOME (design of mixture experiments) with Design Expert - commercial software - was used to analyze the data. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination ($R^2$) value of 0.9470, thus ensuring a satisfactory adjustment of the $3^{rd}$ order special cubic regression model with the experimental data. The application of response surface methodology (RSM) yielded the following regression equation, which is an empirical relationship between the TRO generation concentration and independent variables(mol ratio of 3 electrode components) in a real unit: TRO generation concentration $(mg/L)=TRO\;conc.=98.25{\times}[Ir]+49.71{\times}[Sn]+95.29{\times}[Sb]-16.91{\times}[Ir]{\times}[Sn]-29.47{\times}[Ir]{\times}[Sb]-22.65{\times}[Sn]{\times}[Sb]+703.19{\times}[Ir]{\times}[Sn]{\times}[Sb]$. The optimized formulation of the 3 component electrode for an high TRO (total residual oxidants) generation was acquired at mol ratio of Ir 0.406, Sn 0.210, Sb 0.384 (desirability d value, 1).

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.155-175
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• 2007

As intellectual terror threats increase, we feel the limit in coping with those threats and the things we do are placing traditional X-ray machines & ETD and increasing aviation security staffs. In fact, even if air transportation system is the fast and most efficient transportation methods, it is true that there are many inconveniences to endure due to terror threats. In the name of security, even if we make a lot of efforts and time to screen both good-natured passengers, baggage, cargo and suspicious passengers, it is impossible to screen perfectly and it is not an efficient methods. Therefore, we introduce profiling system that reduce the effort to screen good-natured passengers but focus on screening dangerous passengers and baggages. Profiling system strengthens aviation security, using the concept "Selection & Concentration". Israel started to introduce manual profiling system in aviation security, which is interviewing suspicious passengers and it has been used in crime investigation since 1960. And it has been upgraded and diversified to CAPPS(Computer Assisted Passenger Screening Program) and SPOT(Screening Passenger by Observation). So, this theses is to study on the concept & kind of profiling and profiling methods adopted in airlines. Also it presents the method of introduction of profiling system in Korea and the necessity of making law on it.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.91-106
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to prepare a proposal for desired changes in the laws and regulations system of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) about cultural assets preservation. The related Korean regulatory system and literature for EIA have been surveyed and case studies have been analyzed and actual cases where cultural assets protection were of issue have been studied to deduce the problems of those areas. Based on the result of this study, proposed changes are as follows; 1. "Status of cultural Assets" is to be included as common assessment factor for all categories of object projects in "Table 2: Essential Assessment Factors for Individual Project Category" of "Ordinance for Preparation of EIA Statement, etc." 2. "Status of Underground Cultural Assets and Potential Underground Cultural Assets" is to be inserted as a survey factor in "Table 3:Format of and Instruction for Impact Statement". 3. The clause of "-- the survey should be performed on-site and the investigation report should be submitted." is to be inserted in methods of survey in "Table 3". 4. Ground survey of cultural assets should be performed prior to completion of project planning, that is, from the stage of pre-study for site selection. 5. The application of impact abatement from "Methods and Plants for Impacts Abatement" of "Report for Development of EIA Statement Technologies" should be included, with proper modification of timing, in "Ordinance for Preparation of EIA Statement, etc." 6. The expense liability clause in "Cultural Assets Preservation Act" is to be revised as "a certain ratio of expenses for excavation should be borne by the government." 7. Regulatory device for collecting appropriate opinions should be established. It may include Cultural Assets Preservation Committee's hearing to the project owner's opinion. be established. It may include Cultural Assets Preservation Committee's hearing to the project owner's opinion.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

Purpose: We studied the changes in motor response time and stop signal response time following visuomotor skill learning of a stop signal task in young healthy subjects. This study also was designed to determine what an effective practice is for different stop signals in the stop signal task (SST). Methods: Forty-five right-handed normal volunteers without a history of neurological dysfunction were recruited. They all gave written informed consent. In all subjects, motor reaction time (RT) and stop signal reaction time (SSRT) were measured for the stop signal task. Tasks were classified into three categories: predictable-stop signal task (P-SST) practice group random-stop signal task (R-SST) practice group control group. Results: Motor reaction time in the P-SST was significantly reduced when comparing pre- and post-tests (p<0.05). Stop signal reaction times in the P-SST and the R-SST were significantly reduced following motor skill learning (p<0.05). Also, the reaction time of the R-SST was shorter than that of the P-SST. Conclusion: These findings indicate that practice of an SST improves motor performance and stop function for some stop signals in the SST. P-SST practice was effective in the stop function of regular movement because of faster of the motor prediction and preparation but the R-SST was effective in the stop function of movements because of faster motor selection.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2017

Proper synaptic function in neural circuits requires precise pairings between correct pre- and post-synaptic partners. Errors in this process may underlie development of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Development of ASD can be influenced by genetic factors, including copy number variations (CNVs). In this study, we focused on a CNV occurring at the 16p11.2 locus in the human genome and investigated potential defects in synaptic connectivity caused by reduced activities of genes located in this region at Drosophila larval neuromuscular junctions, a well-established model synapse with stereotypic synaptic structures. A mutation of rolled, a Drosophila homolog of human mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) at the 16p11.2 locus, caused ectopic innervation of axonal branches and their abnormal defasciculation. The specificity of these phenotypes was confirmed by expression of wild-type rolled in the mutant background. Albeit to a lesser extent, we also observed ectopic innervation patterns in mutants defective in Cdk2, Gq, and Gp93, all of which were expected to interact with Rolled MAPK3. A further genetic analysis in double heterozygous combinations revealed a synergistic interaction between rolled and Gp93. In addition, results from RT-qPCR analyses indicated consistently reduced rolled mRNA levels in Cdk2, Gq, and Gp93 mutants. Taken together, these data suggest a central role of MAPK3 in regulating the precise targeting of presynaptic axons to proper postsynaptic targets, a critical step that may be altered significantly in ASD.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.575-581
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• 2007

허프 변환(Hough transform)은 영상에서 몇 개의 파라미터로 표현되는 기하학적 요소 추출을 위해 널리 사용되고 있는 방법 중 하나이다. 하지만 허프 변환은 영상의 한 픽셀이 허프 공간(Hough space)의 한 방정식에 대응되는 일대다 특성으로 인해 잡음에 민감한 특성을 갖는다. 이를 개선하기 위해 경계선의 강도를 이용한 허프 변환(edge strength Hough transform)이 제안되었고, 제안된 방법은 잡음 민감성이 감소됨이 증명되었다. 하지만 허프 변환은 허프 공간과 영상의 크기, 잡음의 정도에 따라 검출된 요소의 품질이 달라지므로 필요한 파라미터 값들을 실험적으로 결정해야 하는 단점이 있다. 이 논문에서는 경계선 강도 허프 변환에서 중요한 역할을 하는 두 개의 파라미터, 감쇄 파라미터(decreasing parameter)와 확장 파라미터(broadening parameter) 값을 결정하는 방법을 유도한다. 제시된 방법은 사전에 정해지는 허프 공간의 크기와 영상의 크기만을 이용하여 파라미터 값을 결정하므로, 주어진 조건에 맞는 최적의 파라미터를 자동적으로 찾아낼 수 있다. 유도한 방법의 유효성은 서로 다른 파라미터 값을 이용한 실험을 통해서 확인할 수 있었다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제37호
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• pp.171-197
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• 2008

본 연구는 국민기초생활보장법 하의 조건부 수급자가 자활직업훈련 프로그램의 참여로 인해 임금이 향상되었는지에 관해 실증적으로 분석 하였다. 분석 자료로는 한국노동연구원에서의 자활사업 참여자를 대상으로 한 '자활대상자 직업훈련 실태'조사와 한국보건사회연구원에서 실시하는 2004년 '자활패널'조사 자료를 결합하여 '자활직업훈련 실태'조사의 응답자를 실험그룹으로'자활패널'을 비교그룹으로 구성하여 분석하였으며, 기존 연구의 통계적 취약점을 극복하기 위해 Propensity Score Matching 방법을 이용하여 자활직업훈련의 임금효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 자활직업훈련 참가자들이 그와 비슷한 특성을 가진 비교그룹에 비해서 약 12만원 정도 소득이 낮음을 확인함으로써, 이러한 부정적인 효과가 나타난 원인과 의미에 대해서 논의하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.1143-1156
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• 2009

The SPACE code that is based on a multi-dimensional two-fluid, three-field model is under development for licensing purposes of pressurized water reactors in Korea. Among the participating research and industrial organizations, KAERI is in charge of developing the physical models and correlation packages for the constitutive equations. This paper introduces a developed wall-to-fluid heat transfer package for the SPACE code. The wall-to-fluid heat transfer package consists of twelve heat transfer subregions. For each sub-region, the models in the existing safety analysis codes and the leading models in literature have been peer reviewed in order to determine the best models which can easily be applicable to the SPACE code. Hence a wall-to-fluid heat transfer region selection map has been developed according to the non-condensable gas quality, void fraction, degree of subcooling, and wall temperature. Furthermore, a partitioning methodology which can take into account the split heat flux to the continuous liquid, entrained droplet, and vapor fields is proposed to comply fully with the three-field formulation of the SPACE code. The developed wall-to-fluid heat transfer package has been pre-tested by varying the independent parameters within the application range of the selected correlations. The smoothness between two adjacent heat transfer regimes has also been investigated. More detailed verification work on the developed wall-to-fluid heat transfer package will be carried out when the coupling of a hydraulic solver with the constitutive equations is brought to completion.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to systematically review the studies on the effects of social story intervention on the individuals with autism spectrum disorders(ASD) to provide the basis for evidence-based practice. Methods : In order to find out the studies on the effect of social story intervention on individuals with ASD, studies published from 2011 to December 2020 were searched on Google Academic Search. The keywords used were "autism spectrum disorder AND social story". A total of 16,900 studies were searched, and from these, 12 studies were selected based on the application of the selection and exclusion criteria. The included studies comprised of 10 single subject design studies and 2 randomized controlled trials design studies. The included studies were analyzed in accordance to population, intervention, outcome measures and results. Results : As a result of analysing the subjects of the included studies, we found out that pre-school children and adolescents were the most common groups of individuals diagnozsed with ASD. In addition to ASD, the diagnosis of the subjects included intellectual disability, Asperger, and Prader-willi. We found out that there were more interventions that were mixed with other interventions, than just the pure social story interventions. In particular, video modeling was found to be the most frequent intervention. This was followed by photo-based social stories. For outcome measure, autism social skills profile was found to be the most often used standardized assessment. For a non-standardized assessment, social desired behavior was found to be the most frequently evaluated behavior, followed by personal problem behavior. Of all the dependent variables, the dependent variable reported as "effective" was the most, followed by "some effective". Conclusion : This study is organized to help the individuals with ASD, families, researchers, and therapists understand the effects of social story intervention on the individuals with ASD in an easy fashion. Further, therapists can use this study as the basic data for evidence-based practice.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.249-265
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• 2014

지난 10년 동안 국제모바일로밍서비스가 제공되어 왔으나, 그 요금수준은 여전히 높은 수준에 있다. 이러한 국제모바일로밍서비스 요금수준에 대한 인식이 국제적으로 확산됨에 따라 국제기구 등에서는 로밍요금에 대한 다양한 개선방향 및 정책을 제시하고 있다. EU의 경우 로밍 이용요금 상한선 등에 대한 규제정책을 시행하고 있으며, OECD의 경우 강제적인 규제정책은 가지고 있지 않으나, 높은 로밍 요금 원인분석 및 이러한 요금에 대한 해결책의 회원국에 강구를 요구하고 있다. WTO는 서비스 무역 이사회를 중심으로 국제서비스무역을 저해하는지에 대한 검토를 하고 있으며, ITU에서도 요금에 대한 권고(D.98) 제시를 통하여 문제를 해결하려고 하고 있다. 본고의 목적은 국제모바일로밍서비스에 대한 주요 국제기구의 논의사항을 살펴보고 이를 통한 우리나라가 취할 수 있는 요금인하를 위한 규제정책방향을 제시하는 데 있다.