• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the sex education program on the elementary school students' sex-related knowledge and attitude. The research method used in this study is an equivalent control group pre-test and post-test and post-test design in a quasi-experimental research format. The subjects of this study were the 5th-grade elementary school students(63 in the experimental group and 60 in the control group) in O and O elementary school in G city. The data was collected from April 4th to July 3th, 2003. The experimental group received a sex education program while the control group did not receive any treatment. The sex education program was implemented for 40 minutes every 2-3 days which total twelve sessions over 4 weeks. Using the SPSS 10.0 program, the data was analyzed by $X^2$ - test, Fisher exact test, t-test, and a repeated measures ANOVA., Rrsults : The experimental group who received the sex education program showed a significantly higher sex-related knowledge score than the control group (F=140.52, p=.001). The experimental group showed a significantly higher sex relatied attitudes score than the control group (F=40.80, p=.001). This study concluded that the sex education program was effective in both sex-related knowledge and attitudes for elementary school students. Therefore, it appears to be effective for 5th-grade students to receive intensive sex education. It es recommended that the schools and government develop education media and a sex education program for parents, have a sex education teacher and a place where students can be counseled, and a professional consultant who can effectively counsel the students regarding sex-related issues.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.189-207
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 만3~5세 유아의 사교육비 실태와 사교육 지출을 결정하는 요인을 알아보는 데 있다. 구체적으로, 아동 연령 및 이용 기관유형, 모 취업여부, 가구소득에 따른 사교육 실시 여부와 사교육비를 살펴보고, 사교육비 지출을 결정하는 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 전국 125개 조사구에 거주하는 976가구의 자녀 만 3~5세 유아 1,648명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료 분석을 위하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, $X^2$검증, F검증, Duncan 사후검증, 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 3~5세 유아 중 86.7%가 사교육을 받고 있고, 연령이 높을수록, 가구소득이 높을수록, 유치원을 이용하는 아동이 사교육을 많이 받았다. 사교육비는 평균 129,700원으로 가구소득이 많을수록, 아동 연령이 높을수록, 어머니가 미취업일수록, 출생순위가 높을수록 유아에게 지출되는 사교육비 규모가 유의미하게 커졌다. 사교육은 아동의 발달측면에서 부정적인 영향을 미칠 뿐 아니라 부모의 경제적인 부담은 물론 저출산 문제를 심화시키므로 정부 차원의 대책이 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2014

이전 연구(Jee & Park, 2013)에서, 일반 가정에서 가족활동을 통해 과학 창의성을 향상시키기 위한 활동자료를 개발하고 적용하였다. 이를 위해 12 가족을 두 구룹으로 나누어 각각 6개의 과학 창의성 프로그램으로 제공하여 주당 한 개 프로그램씩 6주간 실시하도록 하였다. 그 결과 참가자들로부터 다양한 긍정적인 반응을 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 이전 연구에 이어서, 가정에서의 가족활동을 통해서 과학창의성이 향상되는지를 정량적으로 검증해 보고자 하였고, 가정에서의 창의성 지도 가능성에 대한 학부모의 의견을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 사전 및 사후조사에서 사용할 각각 3개 문항으로 구성된 과학 창의성 조사 도구를 개발하여 적용하였다. 이 도구에는 Park(2011)이 정의한 다양한 과학 창의성 요소들이 포함되도록 하였다. 학부모 의견을 알아보기 위해서는 설문지를 개발하여 적용하였다. 실시 결과, 학부모들은 기본적인 방법만 습득하면 누구나 과학 창의성 활동을 수행할 수 있으며, 효과적인 프로그램만 있다면 가정에서도 수행할 수 있다는 인식으로 변화된 것으로 나타났다. 또 창의성 평가를 통해서도 실험집단이 통제집단에 비해 통계적으로 유의미하고 효과의 크기도 매우 크게 창의성이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 앞으로 과학 창의성 활동을 가정 내에서 뿐 아니라, 캠프나 여가활동 중 또는 과학관 등에서 가족형 프로그램으로 확대 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2001

This paper is based on the assumption that the sexual awareness and sexual behaviour of high school students would show the difference between an academic high school and a vocational high school. The main purpose of this paper is to provide basic information on establishing the direction of a realistic and efficient education, which leads to the desirable sex ethics eventually. To do this, a comparative study was carried out to figure out the difference between academic high school students and vocational high school students in terms of their actual awareness and behaviour of sex. I put the following two questions in order to achieve the goal of this study. First, what is the difference in sexual awareness between academic high school students and vocational high school students? Second, what is the difference in sexual behaviour between academic high school students and vocational high school students? The subjects of the survey conducted were 595 high school students in Kyunggi Province and I made the questionnaires referencing pre-studies. The SPSS program was used to get a frequency and a percentage from the results of the survey and then, by applying t-text, $x^2$ verification and interrelation, the following results were obtained. First, regarding sexual awareness, there wasn't much difference in their idea of keeping virginity before marriage between academic high school students and vocational high school students. From the results obtained by analyzing the interrelation between students and their parents and friends in terms of a will to keep virginity, it is found that there was a relevance in both academic high school and vocational high school. When they have a sex problem, it was friends that they are looking for consulting and both groups showed thesame result. But pertaining to an experience of a sex education, the comparative analysis indicated an meaningful difference. Second, as for sex behaviour, it was shown that there was a difference in the experience of going out with the other sex between academic high school students and vocational high school students as well as in the degree of physical touch. However, not much difference was shown in controlling a sex desire between the two groups. As a results of the comparative analysis of the sex experience between the two groups, there was a meaningful difference. In terms of the object of their sex experience, the majority of students in the two groups chose a friend as their first answer and there was little difference. From these results I can draw some conclusions that most of the students in both groups have a link with friends and parents in keeping their virginity. Furthermore, a meaningful difference in experiencing a sex education is presented between the two groups. With regard to the sex behaviour of high school students, a meaningful difference is shown in dating the other sex, a physical touch and a sex experience between the two groups. Consequently, we realize that there is a meaningful difference in some variants on the sexual awareness and sexual behaviour of high school students between academic high school and vocational high school.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study measured the effects of a taste education program developed in Korea on food neophobia and willingness to try novel foods in school children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: One-hundred and twenty school children (aged 7-9 years) residing in Seoul participated in 12 sessions of a taste education program for 3 months. The Korean taste education program was adapted from "Les classes du gout" by J. Puisais and modified to suit a Korean education environment. The study subjected school children to pre- and post-programs on food neophobia and willingness to try novel foods (WTNF), in addition to children's food neophobia in their parents. A total of 101 survey data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: Regarding the effects of taste education, scores of food neophobia significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the posttest, mean (m) score ($4.10{\pm}1.19$) decreased compared to the pretest ($4.39{\pm}1.00$), and WTNF significantly increased (P < 0.001) in the pretest (m) score ($0.48{\pm}0.33$) compared to the pretest ($0.32{\pm}0.34$). This result indicates verification of the study hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS: Food neophobia scale (FNS), an index that measures personal food preference [1,2], showed a very weak correlation with behavioral willingness to taste novel foods (WTNF). Therefore, it is expected that the two scales measure different things. However, considering that the traits of food neophobia are not easily changed, the taste education program was administered in a remarkably effective manner.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.521-526
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although a lot of effort has been put into increasing fruit and vegetable intakes in preschool children, vegetable intake in this group is still low. This study investigated whether nutrition education focusing on fruit and vegetable intakes can affect preschoolers' fruit and vegetable intakes as well as their behavioral outcomes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty-five preschoolers (54.3% boys, n = 19) aged 4-6 years residing in Seoul underwent weekly nutrition education intervention (8 sessions) between May and July 2016. Intakes of fruits and vegetables were measured during pre and post-intervention. At snack time, fresh fruit (150 g) and vegetable (120 g) snacks were distributed to each child by teachers. The remaining portions of the snacks were weighed and recorded for each child. Behavioral outcomes were measured by applying Child behavior checklist 1.5-5 and the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. RESULTS: During post intervention, vegetable intake increased from $36.15{\pm}30.64g$ to $48.01{\pm}31.23g$ (P = 0.010). Among the emotional and behavioral problems measured by parents, levels of total problems (P = 0.001), internalizing (P = 0.004), externalizing (P = 0.003), anxiety and depression (P = 0.001), and aggressive behavior (P = 0.005) decreased. Anxiety (P = 0.026) score, as measured by teachers, also decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition education of preschoolers regarding the intakes of fruits and vegetables had a positive effect on preschoolers' vegetable intake as well as on their emotional and behavioral outcomes. A long-term, large-scale study with a broader study design is warranted to further investigate the role of fruit and vegetable intake in cognitive development and behavior of preschoolers.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.15-33
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• 2002

Researchers' common findings is that there are positive or negative effect of alcohol expectancy on drinking behavior. Therefore we would effectively prevent troublesome drinking of the youth and university students by inquiring and controlling critical factors affecting alcohol expectancy. The purposes of this thesis are, first, to empirically test factors affecting the alcohol expectancy level of elementary schoolchild(potential drinker).; second, to suggest the necessity for development of pre-alcohol prevention programs. On the basis of previous research, eighteen factors included in four categories(general characters, environmental characters, alcohol knowledge, drinking experience) affecting alcohol expectancy level were found out. 623 subjects used in this study were drawn from 8 elementary schools in Daegu, Korea. The empirical results suggested that the alcohol expectancy level of elementary schoolchildren was negative in general. And it was proved that 9 factors were significantly correlated with alcohol expectancy level. To put it concretely(see Fig.), (1) It was proved that schoolchildren with bad environment(live in oneself, displeased drinking feeling) rather than good environment(live with parents, nice drinking feeling) for drinking had more negative alcohol expectancy. (2) Korean traditional culture that partakes of sacrificial food and drink have an influence on the first drinking of most elementary schoolchildren. And it was proved that schoolchildren with this drinking experience rather than any other motives had less negative alcohol expectancy. (3) It was proved that schoolchildren adapting themselves rather than being difficult in school life had more negative alcohol expectancy. And the more knowledge about alcohol or drinking schoolchildren had, the more they had negative alcohol expectancy (4) It was proved that schoolchildren having drinking experience or drinking at present rather than having no drinking experience or not-drinking at present had less negative alcohol expectancy. (5) It was proved that schoolchildren having strong drinking intention rather than having weak or no drinking intention in the future had more positive alcohol expectancy. Based on previous results, guideline for development of pre-alcohol prevention programs can be represented: discriminated programs development on educatee, drinking education programs development increasing the power of self-control about alcohol and drinking, social education or continuing education programs development on drinking, open preschool education to substantially prevent drinking or alcoholism etc. The findings, however, should be interpreted with caution, because this study has several limitations in measurement and sampling as follows. First, selection bias because of limited selection of sampling. It is because the subjects are drawn from only 8 elementary schools in Daegu. Second, less refined measurement ; Therefore, it is necessary to develop more detailed measures on alcohol knowledge, alcohol expectancy level especially. Further researches should be suggested and encouraged with more refined methodologies.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.388-399
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• 2002

This study would tend to clarify effects on knowledge and attitudes of smoking by preventive education for the fifth grade student in elementary school. It would also hope to contribute to activate smoking preventive education, improvement of health quality for the young and reduce school children's misdeeds. One hundred and sixty-eight school children, the fifth grade student in K city's elementary school have been gathered as testees and divided into two groups : 84 in an experimental group and other 84 in a group for comparison.. Data has been collected between 27th November, 2001 and 8th February, 2002 and methods, which were based on literature study, have been developed by myself and used after reliability test. The process has been formed in this order - pre-survey, experiment (smoking preventive education), the first post-survey and the second post-survey. The pre-survey was to fill the questionnaire and the post survey has done with the same way in 2 and 9 weeks later. The smoking preventive education has been carried out 4 times and the time for each experiment was 40 minutes. The collected data has been analysed by the purpose into $\chi^2-test$, t-test,. F-test, Duncan multiple range test with SPSS. The results of study would be as follows 1. The rate of smoking experience is $17.3\%$ and the biggest motive $(75\%)$ is curiosity. Also $5.4\%$ of respondents reply to have friends smoking a little. 2. The first hypothesis - the group with smoking preventive education would have much knowledge about smoking than comparison group - would be supported with statistical data (t=-3.329, p=.000). 3. The second hypothesis - the group with smoking preventive education would show higher attitude than the other group - would also be backed by statistically meaningful difference (t=-3.856, p=.000). 4. The variables of extent for smoking knowledge would be school record and the variables of extent for smoking attitude is friends' smoking, parents' reaction, experience until now and plan from now on.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2013

본 연구의 목표는 초등부 자폐성장애 아동들의 적응행동 향상을 위해 적응행동기술을 지원하기 위한 스마트 콘텐츠의 개발 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 특수학교 교사 및 장애학생 교육기관 전문가들의 AHP설문을 통해 스마트 콘텐츠의 개발의 필요성 및 효과에 대한 적응행동기술의 중요도를 도출하였다. 또한 어떠한 적응행동기술 분야가 스마트 콘텐츠로 개발하기에 적합한지 앱개발 전문가들의 토론과 설문을 통해 그 중요도를 도출하였다. 분석결과 스마트 콘텐츠로 개발에 적합하고 그 효과가 높은 적응행동 기술은 언어이해, 시간이행 및 엄수, 이동기술, 옷입기, 개인위생이었다. 본 연구를 토대로 교육당국은 단편적인 교육용 스마트 콘텐츠 개발보다는 효과적이고 활용도가 높은 자폐성장애 아동들의 특성 및 특수교사나 부모의 요구에 맞는 스마트 콘텐츠 개발 및 지원체계를 구축하고자 노력해야 한다.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.485-504
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• 2012

이 연구의 목적은 학교폭력의 예방과 대책에 관한 인식에 있어서 교대생과 초등교사의 차이를 비교하는 것이었다. 이를 위해서 이 연구에서는 교대생 600명과 초등교사 400명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 이중 교대생 451명과 초등교사 289명의 응답 결과를 기초로 학교폭력에 노출된 경험과 심각성 인식, 학교폭력의 원인, 예방 및 대책에 대한 인식, 그리고 '학교폭력의 예방과 대책' 관련 교과의 개설 및 교육적 요구를 조사하여 반응 백분율과 평균 및 표준편차를 산출하고 두 집단 간 반응 차이의 유의도를 비교하였다. 이 연구에서 밝혀진 주요결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교대생과 초등교사의 절반 이상이 학창 시절 학교폭력을 경험한 적이 있고, 학교폭력이 상당히 심각하다고 인식하고 있으며 그 비율은 초등교사가 교대생보다 유의하게 높다. 둘째, 그들은 '가정의 붕괴와 자녀에 대한 부모의 관심 부족'과 '왜곡된 친구관계와 학교폭력서클의 만연'을 학교폭력의 주요원인으로 인식하고 있으며, '감정조절 능력의 부족'과 '사회적 대처 기술의 부족'을 각각 가해 원인과 피해 원인으로 인식한다. 셋째, 그들은 학생들의 학교폭력을 목격할 때 관련 학생의 학부모와 면담하여 협조를 구하거나 책임교사(또는 상담교사)와 학교 당국에 알려 적극적으로 대처할 필요가 있다고 인식하면서도 그와 관련된 어려움을 함께 호소하고 있다. 넷째, 그들은 정부의 '학교폭력근절 종합대책'에 대해 중요성은 비교적 높게 인식한 반면 정책의 실효성에 대해서는 상대적으로 낮게 인식하고 있다. 끝으로, 그들은 교사양성기관에 '학교폭력의 예방과 대책' 교과목을 개설하는 것에 대체로 찬성하며, 그 비율은 교대생이 초등교사보다 유의하게 높다.