• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2017

Currently, the proportion of diesel vehicles in all automobile has grown significantly over the past few years. Air pollutant also grew up and became a social problem. In particular, the issue of NOx emissions caused by NOx high emission in real driving has become a global issue. Despite the fact that the regulatory and reduction project of the new vehicle is actively carried out, there are no existence regulations of In-use diesel vehicle's NOx emission. Therefore, the emission characteristics of the in-use diesel vehicles were investigated to seek ways to reduce NOx emissions in this study. The test targets were used in 237 close inspection of exhaust gases and model year varied from 1996 to 2011. However, the classification of emissions by emission standards differed considerably from NOx emissions. This means that the selection method for early retirement targets should be converted from model year to amount of emissions. If the current early retirement program was applied to the existing system, pre-Euro 3 was 22.530 g/km and Euro 4 was 21.810 g/km to NOx reduction. However, when the vehicle was changed to high emission target vehicle, NOx reduction increase maximum 84.705 kg/yr. According to the study results, an effective reduction in NOx emissions can be achieved if an earlier target in expanded to Euro 4 vehicles.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.72-77
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 국내 소방 환경을 고려한 효율적인 소방복 유지 및 관리 시스템 구축에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 국내의 경우 소방복의 유지관리에 필요한 세부기준 및 적절한 사전검사와 사용연한 결정을 위한 시험방안 없이 사용되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 소방복의 사용상의 문제점 및 관리 실태를 분석하고 외국의 관리 현황을 정리하였다. 연구결과, 국내 소방복은 제도화된 관리규정 없이 세탁, 수선, 보관되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사용연한도 소방복의 상태와는 별도로 외국 관리 규정의 일부를 참고하여 정해 놓은 기간에 따라 처리되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 소방예산의 효율적 사용과 소방관의 안전성 확보에 필요한 소방복의 효율적인 관리기준 및 시험기준의 정립이 절실한 것으로 파악되었다.

• 복식
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

Ever since the year 2000, Korea's musical markets has invited famous overseas license performances and have therefore cooperated with staffs working overseas in regards to stage costumes. This study aims to suggest the methodology of the stage costume making process according to the present advanced production system of Korea's musical market. The researcher participated in the stage costume making work of 'Chicago' as a costume supervisor. It took place at the Opera House of Seongnam Art Center from January 10, 2010 to February 28, 2010. Furthermore, there was significance in reinforcing academic values and implementing practical making process of stage-costumes based on the actual field work. The method of this research was carried out through a theoretical research and a case study that focused on empirical research. As for the research scope, it was limited to the actual stage-costumes that the researcher fully engaged with as a costume supervisor of the musical 'Chicago.' The results of this study were as follows. The stage costume making process of the musical 'Chicago' was categorized according to the classification of production system in the performance. For pre-production, it was divided according to the information of the actor and the analysis of the bible. Rehearsal period was divided according to the product clothes and fitting. Production week & preview were divided according to the changeover of clothes and the arrangement of dressers. The Run was divided according to the inspection of the situation concerning clothes in general during the performance. Post-Production Period was divided according to the collection of clothes and the implemented database. This study eventually suggested appropriate stage-costume making processes for the costumes making environment according to the expansion of overseas license musical market. However, it has a limitation of the research scope to the musical 'Chicago.' The creative performances of the domestic version are planned in diverse forms and come to abroad animate by the Korean Wave. Therefore, the field of stage-costume is necessary for the establishment of practical schemes of the system and copyright in accordance with the environment.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.383-392
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• 2007

본 연구는 초분광 영상을 이용한 변화탐지 기법의 전처리 과정 중 하나인 영상간 기하보정과 밴드선택에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 최근 그 성능이 입증된 SIFT(Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) 기법을 이용하여 자동화된 기하보정을 수행하였으며, 분광정보의 불변 특성을 반영하는 PIF(Pseudo-Invariant Feature)를 추출하여 영상의 잡음을 추정함으로써, 변화탐지를 위한 유효 밴드를 선택하였다. 또한, 기대최대화(Expectation-Maximization) 기법을 이용한 객관적인 밴드선택 방법을 구현하였다. 제안된 기법들을 실제 적용하기 위해 Hyperion 영상을 사용하였으며, 영상에 나타나는 보정되지 않은 밴드 및 Striping 잡음의 특성을 부가적으로 제거하였다. 결과를 통해, 변화탐지를 위한 최소한의 요구조건인 0.2화소 이내의 정확도(RMSE)를 만족하는 신뢰도 높은 기하보정을 수행할 수 있었으며, 시각적인 판단에 의존하던 밴드선택을 PIF를 통해 객관화할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of hypothesis formulations using abduction on science processing skills and the creative thinking activities. As the subject, 2 classes in the $6^{th}$ grade of B elementary school located in Busan were selected. Through the pre/post inspection design between experiment and comparison class, the units of science courses in the second semester of $6^{th}$ grade '1. A change in the weather' and '2. Various gases' were applied. The results were as follows: Firstly, the test on science processing skills showed that there was not statistic meaningful differences between the two groups. And, in the sub-parts, there was not statistic meaningful differences between the two groups. Secondly, it was observed that it would have a meaningful effect to improve the creative thinking activities of students who performed hypothesis formulation using abduction. Especially, through this, the experimental class gave a positive effect on the 'Fluency' and 'Elaboration', one of lower categories of the creative activities. The results of 'Flexibility' and 'Originality' in the experimental class were higher than those of students in the comparative class. However, according to statistical analysis, this result is meaningless. Thirdly, on the survey about the hypothesis formulation using abduction, many students thought that this learning method was very interesting and helpful to study science. In addition, it was observed that the ability to use abduct thinking was improved more than ever before.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.506-511
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 대차에서 계측한 가속도 데이터를 사용하여 궤도틀림을 식별하기 위한 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 등가 SISO 모델에 의한 정상궤도틀림 상태에서의 대차진동과 궤도틀림과의 주파수영역 전달함수를 정의하고, 이를 역으로 이용하여 대차에서 계측한 가속도 데이터로 궤도틀림을 예측하였다. 예측된 값과 기준값과의 잔차의 분산 비로정의되는 틀림지수를 사용하여 궤도틀림의 이상을 분석하였다. 궤도틀림을 시간에 따라 변하는 변위 경계조건으로 고려하여 3차원 수치예제를 수행하였으며, 제안된 알고리즘의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove the effects of coordinative locomotion training (CLT) on walking speed, walking endurance, and balance for incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Methods: Ten subjects were randomly assigned to the CLT group (n = 5) and the treadmill (TM) group (n = 5). The CLT group performed PNF pattern exercise using the motions of the sprinter and skater for 30 minutes, while the TM group performed using a treadmill for 30 minutes. Both groups performed these therapeutic interventions for five days per week, for a period of four weeks. A 10 meter walking test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and 6 meter walking test were used for the assessment of gait speed, balance, and gait endurance. The SPSS Ver. 18.0 statistical program was used for data processing. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for the comparison of pre- and post-intervention performance and a Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between the groups. The significance level for the statistical inspection was set at 0.05. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in the 10 meter walking test, Berg Balance Scale, and 6 meter walking test (P < 0.05). Conclusion: CLT had an effect on the improvement of walking speed, walking endurance, and the balance of incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Thus, we suggest that CLT is a therapeutic intervention for incomplete spinal cord injury patients.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.459-472
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• 2017

This study provides preliminary data to help organize improvements in analyzing the importance and performance of sanitation management items and the management of foodservice facilities in Community Child Centers in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Area. Questionnaires were distributed to 173 participants in sanitation and safety education at the center from April~June 2013 and 121 questionnaires were used as analysis data to investigate the management of foodservice facility at Community Children Centers in Daegu Gyeongbuk area. Most of the Community Child Centers are privately owned, and 62.0% had 20 to 29 children. Only 6.6% and 50.4% of the centers had nutritionists or cooks, respectively, due to budget deficits, and the foodservices were run by employees holding other positions. An investigation of sanitation management found that 84.3% of employees had a regular health inspection with significant differences between Daegu and Gyeongbuk (p<0.05). Most of the sanitation education was necessary, and the contents of sanitation education were applied to the fields in 66.1% of facilities. The reasons why the contents of them were not used in the fields included, the shortage of facilities and devices at 20.7%, which was the most common explanation. The separation separated of contaminated and non-contaminated areas were observed in 45.5% of facilities (p<0.01), separated sinks for pre-processing and cooking were found in 50.4%, and a show significant higher rate was noted in Daegu than in Gyeongbuk (p<0.05). An interior wall and, floor tile installation were observed 43.8% of facilities and a significantly higher rate was noted in Daegu than in Gyeongbuk (p<0.05). 30.9% of centers in Daegu and 11.3% of centers in Gyeongbuk area were equipped with a hot holding table(p<0.05). Overall, there is a need for education of foodservice to managers because most facilities do not have dietitians. In addition, facilities and equipment should be supplied continuously to foodservice facilities in community child centers.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2001

NGIS 사업으로 구축된 1/1,000 수치지도의 활용이 급증하면서 이를 활용하기에 앞서 수치지도의 위치정확도 검증이라는 문제가 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 학교 시설물관리시스템 구축에 기반이 되는 소규모 지역에 대한 1/1,000 수치지도의 위치 정확도를 평가하고, 위치오차가 발생한 지역에 대한 수치지도 수정/갱신 방안을 제시하였다. RTK방법으로 교내 주요건물에 대한 위치오차를 평가해 볼 때, 측량관계법령에서 규정하고 있는 0.5mm 보다 크게 나타났다. 이에 대한 위치정확도 확보방안으로 먼저, 교내에 Static 측량을 실시하여 측량기준점을 선정한 후 기준점으로부터 주요건물에 대한 좌표값을 평가하여 RTK 방법으로 측량한 좌표값과 비교하였다. 두 번째로는 지도를 변환하였으며 그 결과를 RTK 측량성과와 비교하였다. 첫 번째 방법과 두 번째 방법을 검토하여 소규모 적합한 수치지도 위치정확도 확보방안을 제시하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.771-780
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• 2013

과거에 시행한 심사제도는 입찰참가자격사전심사 및 기본설계평가와 가격평가로 구분하여 최종 낙찰자를 선정하였으나, 2010년 1월 1일부터 현재까지 턴키 대안입찰공사는 설계 적합 최적가 방식, 종합 평가 방식(입찰가격조정, 설계점수조정, 가중치기준), 확정금액 최상 설계 방식의 낙찰자 결정방식을 선택하고 있다. 이러한 제도적인 문제로 발주기관은 동일 유사한 공사에 대해 서로 다른 낙찰자 결정방식을 적용하고 있는 사례가 종종 있어 왔다. 그러므로 이 연구는 국내에서 시행된 토목부분 턴키 대안입찰공사 발주현황, 건수 및 수주실적, 공종별 발주기관별 수주실적, 세부방식 가중치 낙찰자 수주실적 등의 분석을 통해 국내 턴키 대안입찰공사 실정에 적합한 낙찰자 선정기준을 제시하였다.