• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술대회
• /
• pp.239-247
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 현재 국내에서 잠재적인 완충재 물질로 고려되고 있는 경주산 칼슘벤토나이트에서 발생되는 벤토나이트 콜로이드를 대상으로 대표적인 악티나이드 핵종이며 고준위 핵종인 우라늄(VI)에 대한 수착특성에 대한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 실험에 사용될 벤토나이트 콜로이드의 농도 및 크기를 여과법을 사용하여 측정한 결과 벤토나이트 콜로이드 원액의 농도는 약 5100ppm 이고 $98\%$ 이상의 콜로이드들이 200-450nm 크기 사이에 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 우라늄 수착실험에 대한 공시험을 수행하여 수착반응 용기 벽면에 의해, 침전에 의해, 한외여과 또는 콜로이드 형성에 의해 손실된 우라늄 양을 평가하였다. 한외여과에 의한 우라늄 손실의 경우 이온강도가 낮은 경우에(즉, 0.001M $NaClO_4$의 경우) 한외여과 필터의 표면전하 역전에 의한 양이온 수착 영향으로 매우 높은 핵종 손실을 유발하였다. 벤토나이트 콜로이드에 대한 우라늄(VI)의 수착 분배계수(의사콜로이드 형성상수)는 pH에 따라 $10^4^{\sim}10^6$ mL/g 정도의 값을 가지는 것으로 관측되었으며 중성 영역인 pH 6.5 근처에서 최대값을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.245-261
• /
• 2019

원자력이용시설에서 유출된 방사성 오염물질은 지표수나 지하수의 유동에 따라 이동할 수 있다. 이 중에 지표수에 의해 이동하는 오염물질은 비교적 감시가 용이하지만, 지하수를 따라 이동하는 오염물질은 대상 매질에서의 지하수흐름에 대한 정보를 알아야 하므로 감시가 매우 어렵다. 그러므로 지하수에 의한 오염물질의 이동을 규명하기 위해서 지질환경의 특성화가 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 연구부지에 건설된 가상의 원자력이용시설에 대한 감시공의 위치를 결정하고, 감시공에서의 심도별 감시 구간을 선정하는 방법론을 제안하였다. 감시공의 위치를 결정하기 위해 지하수유동 모델링을 수행하였고, 그 결과 지하수 흐름의 하류 지역에 감시공의 위치를 선정하였으며, 감시공에서 수행한 현장조사 결과를 바탕으로 비교적 지하수의 흐름이 빠른 구간을 대상으로 감시 구간을 선정하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 모니터링 방법론은 국내 원자력 발전소를 포함한 원자력이용시설 뿐만 아니라, 유류비축시설의 오염물질, 농업 관련 지하수 오염의 감시 등 다양한 분야에서 잠재적으로 지하수에 유입될 수 있는 오염물질을 조기 감시하는 데에 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 융합정보논문지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.134-141
• /
• 2022

알루미늄-공기 전지의 성능을 향상시키기 위해서는 전극의 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 전해질의 영향을 이해하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 NaCl, LiCl, CaCl₂, ZnCl₂와 같이 동일한 음이온을 가지나 양이온이 다른 전해질을 사용하여 음극과 양극에서 진행되는 전기화학적 산화·환원 반응에 미치는 전해질 양이온의 영향에 관하여 조사하였다. 전극의 방전 전위 및 비용량에 전해질 양이온이 영향을 준다는 것이 방전 시험, 주사전자현미경과 X-선 회절 분석에 의해 확인되었다. NaCl과 LiCl 전해질 용액 중에서 상대적으로 높은 셀 전압과 비용량이 얻어졌다. 양극 표면에는 Ca²⁺와 Zn²⁺ 이온에 의해 전극 반응을 방해하는 침전물이 생성되었으며, 이로 인해 양극 성능이 저하되었다. 게다가 Ca²⁺ 이온은 음극의 부동태화를 유발하면서 음극의 성능 저하를 촉진시켰다. 이것은 전해질의 양이온이 양극과 음극의 전기화학적 성능에 각각 다른 영향을 주고 있음을 시사하는 것이다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 2015

A heavy oil of low quality has been mainly used in the diesel engine of the merchant ship as the oil price has been significantly jumped for several years. Thus, a combustion chamber of the engine has been often exposed to severely corrosive environment more and more because temperature of the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber has been getting higher and higher with increasing of using the heavy oil of low quality. As a result, wear and corrosion of the engine parts such as exhaust valve, piston crown and cylinder head surrounded with combustion chamber are more serious compared to the other parts of the engine. Therefore, an optimum repair welding for these engine parts is very important to prolong their lifetime in a economical point of view. In this study, 1.25Cr-0.5Mo filler metal was welded with SMAW method in the forged steel which would be generally used with piston crown material. And the corrosion properties of weld metal, heat affected and base metal zones were investigated using electrochemical methods such as measurement of corrosion potential, anodic polarization curves, cyclic voltammogram and impedance etc. in 35% $H_2SO_4$ solution. The weld metal and base metal zones exhibited the highest and lowest values of hardness respectively. And, the corrosion resistance of the heat affected and weld metal zones was also increased than that of the base metal zone. Furthermore, it appeared that the corrosive products with red color and local corrosion like as a pitting corrosion were more frequently observed on the surface of the base metal zone compared to the heat affected and weld metal zones. Consequently, it is suggested that the mechanical and corrosion characteristics of the piston crown can be predominantly improved by repair welding method using the 1.25Cr-0.5Mo electrode.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
• /
• 제48권10호
• /
• pp.710-715
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this work is to develop a high-efficiency air cleaning system for air pollutants such as particulate and gaseous state in indoor environments. In order to enhance a removal efficiency of gaseous state pollutants, we suggested that pulsed discharge plasma be combined with $TiO_2$ photocatalyst (photocatalytic plasma air cleaning unit). We investigated experimentally the basic characteristics of photocatalytic plasma air cleaning unit and measured air pollutants removal efficiency. The wavelength of light radiated from pulsed discharge plasma under the atmospheric condition was 310~380nm. Its energy is enough to excite the $TiO_2$ photocatalyst and it makes a photochemical reaction in the surface of $TiO_2$ photocatalyst. The removal quantity of trimethylamine$((CH_3)_3N)\; was\; 130mg/m^34 which is twice quantity of pulsed discharge plasma without $TiO_2$ phtocatalyst unit. From the result of gas analysis using FT-IR, nitric oxide was not detected and trimethylamine was decomposed to $H_2O\; and \;CO_2$. And trimethylamine removal efficiency was 95%. These experimental results indicate that photocatalytic plasma air cleaning unit is a potential method in removing the pollutants.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.391-392
• /
• 2012

Graphene is a perfectly two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystal which consists of sp2 bonded carbon atoms like a honeycomb lattice. With its unique structure, graphene provides outstanding electrical, mechanical, and optical properties, thus enabling wide variety of applications including a strong potential to extend the technology beyond the conventional Si based electronic materials. Currently, the widespread application for electrostatically switchable devices is limited by its characteristic of zero-energy gap and complex process in its synthesis. Several groups have investigated nanoribbon, strained, or nanomeshed graphenes to induce a band gap. Among various techniques to synthesize graphene, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is suited to make relatively large scale growth of graphene layers. Direct growth of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using CVD has gained much attention as the atomically smooth surface, relatively small lattice mismatch (~1.7％) of h-BN provides good quality graphene with high mobility. In addition, induced band gap of graphene on h-BN has been demonstrated to a meaningful value about ~0.5 eV.[1] In this paper, we report the synthesis of grpahene / h-BN bilayer in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process by controlling the gas flux ratio and deposition rate with temperature. The h-BN (99.99％) substrate, pure Ar as carrier gas, and $CH_4$ are used to grow graphene. The number of graphene layer grown on the h-BN tends to be proportional to growth time and $CH_4$ gas flow rate. Epitaxially grown graphene on h-BN are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 1997

Pilon fracture is an intraarticular fracture of distal tibia. It is high energy injury with significantly associated soft tissue damage, bone comminution, and articular surface disruption. Until recently, this treatment has followed the AO principles, Because the risk of complications outweighs potential benefits, the principle of a Pilon fracture treatment are changing. Newer techniques using articulated external fixation minimize disturbance of the soft tissue envelope and have decreased these complications. Series of 5 patients with Pilon fracture were treated by articulated external fixator and followed up more than 12 monthes at the Department of orthopaedic surgery, Kang Dong Sacred Heart Hospital, College of medicine, Hallym University. The results were as follows: 1. The type of fracture were type C2(3 cases),type C3(2 cases) according to AO-$M{\ddot{u}}ller$ classification. 2. The clinical results according to functional criteria by Mast and Teipner were good in 4 cases and poor in 1 case, which is an old fracture. 3. Techniques utilizing articulated external fixator were associated with satisfactory results and appeared to significantly decrease the incidence of soft tissue complication, post-traumatic arthritis, osteoporosis, and fibrosis of ankle joint.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 2002

The structures of 1-fluorosilatrane and the silatranyl cation were calculated by Hartree-Fock (HF), Mofller-Plesset second order (MP2), and various density functional theory (DFT) methods using many different basis sets, demonstrating that the Si-N bonds in two species are quite different. The N${\rightarrow}$Si bond distance of 1-fluorosilatrane from the hybrid DFT calculations $({\sim}2.32{\AA})$ using the Perdew-Wang correlation functional agrees with the gas phase experimental value $(2.324{\AA})$, while other functionals yield larger distances. The MP2 bond distance (2.287${\AA}$ with 6-311$G^{\ast}$) is shorter, and the HF one (2.544 ${\AA}$ with 6-311$G^{\ast}$) larger than those of DFT calculations. The MP2 bond distance is in good agreement with experiment indicating that the electron correlations are crucial for the correct description of the N${\rightarrow}$Si interaction. The silatranyl cation is a stable local minimum on the potential energy surface in all methods employed suggesting that the cation could be a reaction intermediate. The Si-N bond length for the cation is about 1.87 ${\AA}$ for all calculations tested implying that the Si-N bond is mainly conventional. Bonding characteristics of the Si-N bond in two species derived from the natural bond orbital analysis support the above argument based on calculated bond lengths.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 2017

전기화학 방법을 이용한 이산화티타늄 나노구조에 대한 기존 연구는 불소 이온을 함유한 전해질에서의 산화반응으로 형성된 나노튜브가 연구의 주를 이루고 있다. 최근, 불소 이온이 아닌 고온 인산염이 함유된 글리세롤계 전해질의 개발로 관련 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 총설은 이러한 전해질을 활용하여 다양한 이산화티타늄 나노구조를 형성하는 연구 동향에 대해 다루고 있다. 새로운 양극산화법을 통해 형성된 이산화티타늄 나노구조는 기존의 나노튜브에 비하여 비표면적이 넓고 결정성과 접착력이 우수하여 여러 응용분야에 활용가치가 높다. 이에 본 총설에서는 새로운 양극산화법을 이용한 나노구조의 형성 원리, 특성에 대한 개괄적 접근 뿐만 아니라 실제 응용분야에서의 소재성능을 기존 나노튜브 구조와 비교한 결과 등을 망라하여 자세히 소개하고 있다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.220.2-220.2
• /
• 2011

Biodiesel and biodiesel blend fuel are receiving increasing attention as alternative fuels for diesel engines without substantial modifications. Biodiesel fuels and blending have been widely studied and applied in diesel engine because of biodiesel's lower sulfur, lower aromatic hydrocarbon and higher oxygen content. Biodiesels have the potential to be oxidized in different condition. It has reported that oxidation deterioration of biodiesel is different in the condition of storage and oxidation causes chemical property change of methyl esters. Sunlight intensity, temperature, material of container and contact surface with oxygen are key dominant factors accelerating oxidation deterioration. In this study, we chose temperature among key oxidation conditions and metal container filled with biodiesel was heated at about $110^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in order to accelerate oxidation deterioration. To better understand the effect of biodiesel blends on emission, steady state tests were conducted on a heavy duty diesel engine. The engine was fueled with Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel(ULSD), a blend of 10% and 20%(BD10, BD20) on volumetric basis, equipped with a common rail direct injection system and turbocharger, lives up to the requirements of EURO 3. The experimental results show that the blend fuel of normal biodiesel with BD10 and BD20 increased NOx. The result of PM was similar to diesel fuel on BD10, but the result of PM on BD20 was increased about 63% more than its of diesel. The blend fuel of Oxidation biodiesel with BD10 and BD20 increased NOx as the results of normal biodiesel. But PM was all increased on BD10 and BD20. Especially THC was extremely increased when test fuel contains biodiesel about 140% more than its of diesel. Through this study, we knew that oxidation deterioration of biodiesel affects emission of diesel engine.