• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2011

Geographical differences in the incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been reported, and there are still many unresolved problems. The incidence as well as epidemiologic data of ALS is not known in Korea. Web-based multicenter registry of ALS, the Korean ALS registry, was established at January, 2011. The aim of "the Korean ALS registry" is the following: (1) to establish a database for the prospective collection of epidemiological information; (2) to assess the incidence and prevalence; (3) to find the temporal and geographic trends in the disease; (4) to define the full clinical spectrum of the disease; (5) to develop treatment guideline based on the database.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2018

PURPOSE. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating nanoparticles of silver (NAg) and amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) into a self-etching primer of a resin cement on the microtensile bond strength of dentin, regarding the proven antibacterial feature of NAg and remineralizing effect of NACP. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Flat, mid-coronal dentin from 20 intact extracted human third molars were prepared for cementation using Panavia F2.0 cement. The teeth were randomly divided into the four test groups (n=5) according to the experimental cement primer composition: cement primer without change (control group), primer with 1% (wt) of NACP, primer with 1% (wt) of physical mixture of NACP+Nag, and primer with 1% (wt) of chemical mixture of NACP+Nag. The resin cement was used according to the manufacturer's instructions. After storage in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 h, the bonded samples were sectioned longitudinally to produce $1.0{\times}1.0mm$ beams for micro-tensile bond strength testing in a universal testing machine. Failure modes at the dentin-resin interface were observed using a stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests and the level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS. The lowest mean microtensile bond strength was obtained for the NACP group. Tukey's test showed that the bond strength of the control group was significantly higher than those of the other experimental groups, except for group 4 (chemical mixture of NACP and NAg; P=.67). CONCLUSION. Novel chemical incorporation of NAg-NACP into the self-etching primer of resin cement does not compromise the dentin bond strength.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.283-291
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• 2016

지난 10년 동안 암 관리법에 의한 국가 정책에 따라 일본에서는 호스피스 및 완화의료가 급속히 발전해왔다. 완화의료 시설 및 입원 환자의 호스피스, 병원의 완화 의료팀, 가정 호스피스 기능을 갖춘 진료소의 수는 꾸준히 증가하고 있으며 국가 협회로부터 완화의료 전문가로 공인된 의사, 간호사, 약사의 수도 증가하고 있다. 학부, 대학원 및 계속적인 의학 교육을 통해서 교육프로그램 및 교육의 기회를 표준화하고 보급하기 위한 공동 노력이 이루어졌다. 일본의 연구 활동은 말기 섬망, 말기 탈수증, 완화적 진정, 임종 환자의 의료, 예후, 의사 소통, 정신 종양학, 지역적인 완화의료 프로그램의 분야에서 현저하게 기여하였다. 이 보고서에서는 일본에서의 주요 완화의료 환경, 특성, 국가 협회, 교육, 완화의료 연구에 초점을 맞추었다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2020

In many countries, the Government enacts tax laws in order to manage tax collection and regulate the macro-economy. According to Noor, Jamaludin, Omar, and Aziz (2013), tax non-compliance is a growing concern because of its negative effects on the state budget. The main objectives of this article are to identify the factors affecting corporate income tax non-compliance of enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City in accordance with the current situation of Vietnamese tax administration. We use several research methods, including the exploitation of information and practical experiences from both taxpayers and tax authorities; with Probit regression model on a sample of 187 enterprises that have been inspected or examined by tax authorities in Vietnam during the period from 2013 to 2017.The article identified eight factors affecting corporate income tax (CIT) non-compliance: (1) working capital/total assets; (2) revenue/total assets; (3) total debt/total assets; (4) loss in the previous year; (5) receivables/revenue; (6) the size of enterprises; (7) tax administrative penalties/tax payable; and (8) business field. In particular, the tax non-compliance was studied as a violation of Vietnamese tax laws by enterprises declaring an insufficient amount of CIT payable to the State budget.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2022

Objective. Nanotechnology is spreading among all areas of life, from everyday devices to medicine. The concept of nanotechnology argues that not only can new physical and chemical properties of materials be discovered, but also the new potential of nanostructures when reduced to the nanoscale. The growing interest in the application of nanomaterials in dentistry contributes to the proliferation of the range of nanomaterials used by specialists. The purpose of this review of information sources was to analyze the prospects for the use of nanomaterials in dentistry. Methods. We used the bibliographic semantic method of research, for which we analyzed electronic databases of primary literature sources Scopus, Web of Science, Research Gate, PubMed, MDPI, and MedLine. English-language scientific articles published after 2017 were taken into consideration. Results. According to the results of a search study among modern information primary sources, nanotechnology improves the preventive properties of oral care products, improves the structural-mechanical and aesthetic properties of composite mixtures for dentistry, overcomes the problems of the clinical application of dental implants. Despite the prospects of nanotechnology applications in medicine in general and dentistry in particular, the existing economic and technological problems require a thorough solution for further implementation of nanostructures. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the analysis of modern trends in the application of nanotechnology in dentistry is carried out and the peculiarities of materials are highlighted, the problems and prospects of nanostructures implementation in modern dental implantology are given, physical, chemical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of nanomaterials are evaluated. The effect of nanomaterials on the microbial adhesion of the tooth or implant surface is described. Practical significance. The presented publication can become a scientific basis for the solution of urgent problems hindering the introduction of nanotechnology into dental practice. Conclusions. Thus, the use of nanostructures opens up great opportunities for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, not only of dental nature but also in medicine in general.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2008

In this study, we have investigated the effect of panaxatriol (PT) on phosphoinositides (PIS) breakdown and $Ca^{2+}$-elevation in thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Thrombin (5U/ml), a potent platelet agonist which activates phospholipase $C_{\beta}$ via protease activated receptor (PAR), hydrolyzed PIS in platelet membrane. The phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate $(PIP_2)$ was hydrolyzed after 10 sec of the thrombin-stimulation, and both the phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were brokendown after 30 sec of the thrombin-stimulation. However, PT inhibited the thrombin-stimulated hydrolysis of $PIP_2$, PIP, and PI. On the other hand, thrombin increased the level of phosphatidic acid (PA) which is phosphorylated from diacylglycerol (DG) generated by PIS-hydrolysis. However, Pr inhibited the thrombin-increased PA level non-significantly. Thrombin increased cytosolic free $Ca^{2+}([Ca^{2+}])_i$) up to 72% as compared with control $(30.8{\pm}0.9 nM)$ in intact platelet. However, PT (100 ${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the thrombin-elevated $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ to 100%. These results suggest that PT may have a beneficial effect on platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease by inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet aggregation via suppression of the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ level and PIS breakdown.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.361-372
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• 2021

PURPOSE. To improve the clinical effects of complete denture use and simplify its clinical application, a digital complete denture restoration workflow (Functional Suitable Digital Complete Denture System, FSD) was proposed and preliminary clinical evaluation was done. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty edentulous patients were enrolled, of which half were treated by a prosthodontic chief physician, and the others were treated by a postgraduate student. Based on the primary impression and jaw relation obtained at the first visit, diagnostic denture was designed and printed to create a definitive impression, jaw relation, and esthetic confirmation at the second visit. A redesigned complete denture was printed as a mold to fabricate final denture that was delivered at the third visit. To evaluate accuracy of impression made by diagnostic denture, the final denture was used as a tray to make impression, and 3D comparison was used to analyze their difference. To evaluate the clinical effect of FSD, visual analogue scores (VAS) were determined by both dentists and patients. RESULTS. Two visits were reduced before denture delivery. The RMS values of 3D comparison between the impression made via diagnostic dentures and the final dentures were 0.165 ± 0.033 mm in the upper jaw and 0.139 ± 0.031 mm in the lower jaw. VAS ratings were between 8.5 and 9.6 in the chief physician group, while 7.7 and 9.5 in the student group; there was no statistical difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION. FSD can simplify the complete denture restoration process and reduce the number of visits. The accuracy of impressions made by diagnostic dentures was acceptable in clinic. The VASs of both dentists and patients were satisfied.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5791-5797
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• 2012

Introduction: Return-to-work (RTW) can be a problematic occupational issue with detrimental impact on the quality of life of previously-employed breast cancer survivors. This study explored barriers and facilitators encountered during the RTW process in the area of cancer survivorship. Materials and Methods: Six focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide on 40 informants (employed multiethnic survivors). Survivors were stratified into three groups for successfully RTW, and another three groups of survivors who were unable to return to work. Each of the three groups was ethnically homogeneous. Thematic analysis using a constant comparative approach was aided by in vivo software. Results: Participants shared numerous barriers and facilitators which directly or interactively affect RTW. Key barriers were physical-psychological after-effects of treatment, fear of potential environment hazards, high physical job demand, intrusive negative thoughts and overprotective family. Key facilitators were social support, employer support, and regard for financial independence. Across ethnic groups, the main facilitators were financial-independence (for Chinese), and socialisation opportunity (for Malay). A key barrier was after-effects of treatment, expressed across all ethnic groups. Conclusions: Numerous barriers were identified in the non-RTW survivors. Health professionals and especially occupational therapists should be consulted to assist the increasing survivors by providing occupational rehabilitation to enhance RTW amongst employed survivors. Future research to identify prognostic factors can guide clinical efforts to restore cancer survivors to their desired level/type of occupational functioning for productivity and wellbeing.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2018

$17{\alpha}-ethinylestradiol$ (EE2), a synthetic estrogen which interfere the endocrine and reproductive function in living organisms, has been found extensively to be deposited into municipal wastewater treatment plants and the environment via human excretion. EE2 has long been known to be efficiently cometabolized by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) during ammonia ($NH_3$) oxidation. Current study aims to investigate the effect of culture history on the biotransformation of EE2 by nitrifying sludge which was enriched under different ammonia loading rates in continuous flow reactors. Result showed that past growth condition largely affected not only the metabolic rate of $NH_3$ oxidation but also EE2 cometabolism. Sludge previously acclimated with higher $NH_3$ loads as well as sludge dominated with AOB belong to high growth cluster (Nitrosomonas europaea-Nitrosococcus mobilis) showed higher rate of EE2 biotransformation than those one being acclimated with lower $NH_3$ loads because of its ability to provide more reducing power from $NH_3$ oxidation. Moreover, the correlation between the degradation rates of $NH_3$ and EE2 was higher in sludge being acclimated with higher load of $NH_3$ in comparison with other sludge. Implication of the findings emphasized the role of volumetric $NH_3$ loading rate in determining EE2 removal in wastewater treatment system.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.259-286
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• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 이용자들의 요구와 행태에 기반 한 FRBR형 검색서비스를 구현하기에 앞서, FRBR 모델의 적용유형별 이용자 선호도를 파악해 본 뒤, 국내 이용자에게 적합한 FRBR형 검색서비스의 개발 방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이러한 목적을 위해 이 연구에서는 (1) FRBR 모델 관련 문헌에 대한 광범위한 조사와 분석에 근거하여 현재까지 진행되어 왔던 핵심 논의들을 살펴보고, (2) 문헌에서 다뤄진 해외 사례를 대상으로 FRBR 모델이 어떻게 구현되었는지 살펴 적용방식의 특징을 조사하고, (3) 국내 이용자들이 국외에서 개발한 FRBR 검색시스템을 어떻게 평가하는지를 분석한 뒤, (4) 본격적으로 FRBR형 검색서비스를 개발하기에 앞서 전체적인 개발 방향에 대해서 논의하였다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 4개의 FRBR형 검색서비스(FictionFinder, AustLit, Perseus Digital Library, Virtua)를 선정하여 모델의 적용방식을 확인하였고, 문헌정보학과 학부생 4명과 대학원생 4명을 대상으로 개별 적용유형에 따른 이용자 선호도를 분석하였다.