• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare muscle activity after applying two muscle energy techniques (MET) to subjects with forward head posture to see if the post isometric relaxation (PIR) technique is more effective than the reciprocal inhibition (RI) technique. Methods : The muscle activity was measured using EMG after applying the PIR and RI techniques to 30 adults at K College. Subjects were selected for forward head posture whose ear center was 2.5 ㎝ front of the center of the shoulder. EMG equipment was used to measure muscle activity, and the measurement sites were measured in cervical flexor and extensor muscles. The experiment period was performed once a week for a total of two weeks, and after the pre-measurement was performed for 5 minutes PIR and RI exercise. In the PIR technique, the head is tilted back in a sitting position, and the experimenter applies resistance with the same force for 7~10 seconds and repeats 3-5 times after rest. In the RI technique, in a sitting position, the subject gives the force to bend the head forward, and the experimenter applies resistance with the same force for 7 to 10 seconds, and repeats 3 to 5 times after rest. Results : The result is same as the following. In the comparison of muscle activity, there was a significant decrease in both PIR and RI at 1 and 2 weeks. And there was a greater decrease in muscle activity in PIR. There was no difference in the comparison of decrease in muscle activity at 1 week and 2 week. Conclusion : Both PRI and RI can be said to be effective in improving the function of the forward head posture in the neck muscles. Therefore, the selection of the two techniques in clinical practice should be appropriately performed under the judgment of experts according to the patient's situation.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.568-580
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• 2020

Calibrating a conceptual hydrologic model necessitates selection of a calibration period that produces the most reliable prediction. This often must be chosen randomly, however, since there is no objective guidance. Observation plays the most important role in the calibration or uncertainty evaluation of hydrologic models, in which the key factors are the length of the data and the hydro-climate conditions in which they were collected. In this study, we investigated the effect of the calibration period selected on the predictive performance and uncertainty of a model. After classifying the inflows of the Hapcheon Dam from 1991 to 2019 into four hydro-climate conditions (dry, wet, normal, and mixed), a conceptual hydrologic partitioning model was calibrated using data from the same hydro-climate condition. Then, predictive performance and post-parameter statistics were analyzed during the verification period under various hydro-climate conditions. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Hydro-climate conditions during the calibration period have a significant effect on model performance and uncertainty, 2) calibration of a hydrologic model using data in dry hydro-climate conditions is most advantageous in securing model performance for arbitrary hydro-climate conditions, and 3) the dry calibration can lead to more reliable model results.

• 한국노년학
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.959-979
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• 2016

본 연구는 초등학교 여교사들을 대상으로 삶 속에 녹아있던 교사로서 생애경험을 탐색해보고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 2015년 4월부터 2015년 11월까지 교육경력이 35년 이상이고 퇴직한 지 3년 이상의 퇴직교원 5명을 연구 참여자로 선정하여 연구를 진행하였다. 연구방법으로 질적 연구방법 중 내러티브 탐구를 활용한 생애사 연구방법의 Sch?tze의 인터뷰 방법으로 접근하였다. 연구결과에서 참여자의 '생애진술'을 통하여 생애곡선을 나타냈으며, '여교사의 생애경험', '여교사가 현실에서 겪는 어려움', ' 교직에서 느낀 보람', '퇴직 후 생애적응 유형'으로 범주를 나누었다. 연구 결과에 따른 퇴직 여교사들은 퇴직 이후의 삶에 대한 준비나 연수 등 사회적응 프로그램의 부족함을 지적했고, 퇴직 이후의 삶에 준비를 위한 퇴직 전 연수의 필요성 증대와 퇴직이후의 삶에 대한 정부의 프로그램 및 정보 제공이 필요하다는 것을 제언하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.527-537
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• 2022

멀티미디어 컨텐츠의 수요와 공급이 증가함에 따라 전 세계의 인터넷 트래픽이 증가하는 가운데 이를 완화하기 위해 여러 표준화 그룹에서는 더 효율적인 압축 표준을 제정하는데 노력을 기울이고 있다. 이러한 노력 중 압축 표준에 딥러닝 기술을 도입하고자 하는 연구들이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 딥러닝 기반 압축 기술은 학습 데이터와 특성이 다른 영상을 압축할 때 압축 효율이 저하되는 문제를 갖는다. 이를 해결하기 위해 컨텐츠에 적응적으로 딥러닝 기술을 도입하는 시도들이 있었다. 본 논문에서는 이들을 크게 코덱 정보 사용, 모델 선택, 추가 정보 전송의 세 가지로 나누어 살펴보고자 한다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2022

Purpose : This systematic review examined evidence published 2000-2021 for occupational therapy interventions for adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (adult ADHD). Methods : In order to find out the studies on the effect occupational therapy intervention on individuals with adult ADHD, studies published from 2000 to February 2022 were searched on Google Academic Search. The keywords used were "adult ADHD" AND "Occupational therapy". A total of 785 studies were searched, and from these, 3 studies were selected based on the application of the selection and exclusion criteria. The included studies comprised of 1 Quasi-experimental design study(one group pre-post test) and 2 randomized controlled trials design studies. The included studies were analyzed in PICO(patients, intervention, comparison, outcomes). Results : As a result of analysing the subjects of the included studies, subjects diagnosed with adult ADHD or classified as high-risk group in Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale test, the number of subjects was 97, and the average age was about 33 years old. Occupational therapy intervention methods for adult ADHD include Tailored Intervention, Computerized Cognitive Training, and Cognitive-Functional Intervention. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale was the most used to check the symptoms of ADHD, and the COPM was used the most to measure the effects of occupational therapy interventions. The dependent variables of occupational therapy intervention were occupational performance, quality of life, executive function (behavioral regulation, metacognition), self-regulation function, stress management, and sustained attention. The effect of the intervention was statistically significant in 78.5% of the total. Conclusion : It is expected that the results of this study can be used as basic data for evidence-based practice for occupational therapists to apply adult ADHD interventions. In the field of occupational therapy in Korea, research on various interventions that can improve the occupational performance of adults ADHD should be conducted.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to verify the usefulness and practicality of the program in the daily life of the elderly by performing a three-dimensional tongue muscle exercise for the elderly to identify the dysphagia, swallowing ability, and tongue pressure. Methods: The subjects of the study were 29 elderly people aged 65 or older living in Busan, divided into a oral exercises group and tongue strength training program combined with oral exercises group, and operated 16 times for 8 weeks twice a week, and the pre and post-program evaluation was conducted in the 1st and 8th weeks. For variable selection, 7 general characteristics, 5 oral health-related characteristics, 5 Likert scale for swallowing disorder, repetitive swallowing ability test for swallowing power measurement, and tongue pressure measurement was used. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS window program 25.0 version (IBM), general characteristics and homogeneity tests, oral health-related characteristics and homogeneity tests were chi-square test, swallowing disorder, swallowing ability, and change in tongue pressure were paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test for swallowing disorder and changes in swallowing ability and tongue pressure, and Spearman's correlation for the relationship between swallowing disorder and swallowing ability and tongue pressure. Results: As a result of tongue strength training program combined with oral exercise, both relieve swallowing disorder and improve low eating and tongue pressure than oral exercise, and the difference in improvement effects of both relieve swallowing disorder, swallowing ability, and tongue pressure is higher. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is believed that simple and practical oral muscle function reinforcement products and practical use are needed, and institutional devices to seek oral health promotion programs for the elderly are needed.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2003년도 제3회 국제심포지움 및 학술대회
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• pp.73-73
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• 2003

The present study examined the possibility of long term storage, by cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen, of the sperm of Filefish (Thamnaconus septentrionalis), and the changes in motility, survival rate and ultrastructure of the sperm after freezing and thawing. The sperm was collected by stripping and stored on ice until experiments. For selection of the immobilizing solution, diluted artificial seawater (ASW) of 20, 30 and 40% were tested. The sperm motility was significantly inhibited in 30% ASW, and restored entirely after 100% ASW was added again. Two cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulfoxide ($Me_2$SO) and glycerol, were added to 30% ASW to formulate the extenders at the concentrations between 5 to 20% by volume for freezing. The sperm was diluted at the ratio of 1 :6 with the extenders, inserted into 0.5ml plastic straws and frozen at a freezing rate of $50^{\circ}C$/min to $-100^{\circ}C$ after equilibration for 10 min at room temperature, followed by plunging into liquid nitrogen. The straws were thawed in a $30^{\circ}C$ water bath for 15 sec. The highest post-thawed sperm motility and survival rate were obtained with 5% glycerol Afterward, the effect of different freezing rates was examined using 5% glycerol as a cryoprotectant, and the rate of $20^{circ}C/min to $-80^{\circ}C$ showed the best result Some ultrastructural changes of sperm, such as the detachment of plasmatic and nuclear membranes, destruction of mitochondria, were observed after cryopreservation. Morphological normality of the sperm in 5% glycerol frozen at the ratio of 1$0^{\circ}C$/min to $-80^{\circ}C$ was better than that of others.

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.55-67
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• 2022

In this study, the village development promotion system was reorganized for Gimhae-si, and improvement plans and post-operation management plans were prepared through expert surveys. Through the Village Development Project, the landscape and environment of the village were improved, and the village and residents were positively changed. The Village Development Project laid the foundation for regional revitalization, giving the next generation hope for the sustainable development of the village. While maintaining the framework of the existing Rural Development Projects guidelines through case analysis of other regions, we operate educational programs for each stage by reflecting regional characteristics, and utilize and communicate with intermediate support organizations, systematically operate, and actively intervene by Eup·Myeon administration. In addition, as a follow-up management program, various follow-up management programs were being operated, such as support for capacity building such as consulting, as well as facility maintenance and support for village managers. As a result of the expert survey to review the adequacy of the improvement plan, the improvement plan derived from the overall average of 4.28 points and the standard deviation of 0 to 0.94 points for the process is judged to be appropriate. In particular, the item of 'self-reliance stage follow-up management' was very important as all experts responded with 5 points. By establishing the village development performance goals, we tried to check whether the qualitative/quantitative goals were achieved by year, and to secure quantified status data in response to changes such as resetting performance goals or adding new performance indicators. In this study, in order to improve the capacity to achieve regional development in response to the rural agreement, we prepared our own sustainable village development promotion system, governance establishment, and follow-up management plan. In addition, it is expected to be used as a reference material for the selection of new districts and the follow-up management of completed districts by establishing the village development goals.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to review clinical studies on thread embedding acupuncture (TEA) for the treatment of patients with post-stroke spasticity (PSS) Methods: Clinical studies related to TEA treatment for PSS were searched for in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, OASIS, and CNKI. After the selection/exclusion process, information on study design, disease, experimental/control group, intervention, outcome measurement, between-group differences, and adverse events was extracted. Results: A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The usual frequency of TEA treatment was once every 1-2 weeks, and the treatment most commonly included 4 sessions. In the dorsal area, EX-B2 and the acupoints in governing vessel meridian were commonly used. Acupoints in the meridian of the large intestine were most frequently used in the treatment of upper limb spasticity. Except for HT1, PC6, and PC8, all TEA points for treating PSS of the upper limb were on the Yang meridians. For the lower limb spasticity, the most frequently used acupoints were ST36, GB34, GB30, BL60, and BL57 on Yang meridians, and LR3, SP6, SP9, and SP10 on Yin meridians. TEA treatment showed better effects than conventional treatment for PSS in terms of spasticity, motor dysfunction, and activities of daily livings. Nevertheless, the absence of the follow-up observation, lack of sham TEA treatment, and low quality of the included studies necessitated caution in interpreting the results. Conclusions: The results of this review are expected to provide basic data on the modalities of TEA treatment for PSS and provide insights to facilitate well-designed studies in the future.

• Composites Research
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2007

반도체 쿼츠 웨이퍼 다이싱용 블레이드는 마이크로/나노 디바이스와 부품을 제조하기 위해 고정밀도의 가공성을 요구한다. 따라서 균일한 마이크로/나노 선폭의 가공을 위해서는 블레이드의 제작 단계에서 균일한 두께와 밀도를 유지하는 것이 중요하다. 기존의 실리콘웨이퍼 가공을 위해서는 금속의 블레이드가 사용되고 있지만 쿼츠 웨이퍼 가공을 위해서는 고분자 복합재가 사용된다. 이러한 복합재는 가공성, 전기전도성, 그리고 적절한 강도와 연성 및 마모저항성이 있어야 한다. 그러나 기존의 건식성형 공정으로는 균일성을 유지하기 위해 많은 공정과 비용이 소비되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 도전성 나노 세라믹스 분말, 연마재 세라믹스 분말에 열경화성 수지, 전도성 고분자를 혼합한 복합재 분말을 습식성형 공정에 의해 제조, 평가하는 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 복합재 분말을 액상과 혼합하여 블레이드를 제작하였으며, 액상의 종류, 액상 건조공정의 영향을 고찰하였다. 평가는 마이크로미터 측정기와 현미경을 이용하여 두께를 측정하였다. 두께편차와 기공률, 밀도, 경도, 등의 특성을 비교, 평가하였다. 그 결과 습식성형에 의해 블레이드의 두께편차를 감소시킬 수 있었으며, 경도 등의 특성을 향상시킬 수 있었다.