• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.139-141
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• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently in progress. Although it is difficult to predict the end of currently increasing COVID-19, it is expected to last for a long time. The COVID-19 is making a lot of changes. Due to physical distancing and living distancing, non-contacts such as wearing facial masks, online lectures, online medical services, telecommuting, and telemarketing are becoming common. In the era of post-COVID-19, online and offline will coexist. Many countries following China's lockdown strategy, which is agreed with the World Health Organization, should be changed to Taiwan's facial mask strategy for reducing the economic problems. The prolonging COVID-19 will add to the economic difficulties, and the US-China confrontation will be difficult to rebound the global economy. COVID-19, such as plaque, smallpox, and Spanish influenza, will be a historical momentum. How to respond to the crisis of COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 will determine the future of the world and Korea.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate post-traumatic stress, job stress, fatigue, and social support of nurses in direct care for COVID-19 patients and to identify the factors affecting post-traumatic stress among the nurses. Methods: The participants were 150 nurses from three hospitals. Data were collected from September 11, 2020 to September 21, 2020. The data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN/25.0 program. Results: The mean score of post-traumatic stress was 22.27±15.49 (range 0~88). The percentage of high risk group of post-traumatic stress was 35.3%, risk group was 20.0%, normal group was 44.7%. Post-traumatic stress showed statistically significant differences according to quarantined experience (t=2.15, p=.033), and provision of COVID-19 manual (t=-2.40, p=.026). Post-traumatic stress was positively correlated with job stress (r=.48, p<.001), and fatigue (r=.58, p<.001), and it was negatively correlated with social support (r=-.22, p=.005). Job stress was positively correlated with fatigue (r=.74, p<.001), and it was negatively correlated with social support (r=-.17, p=.030). Fatigue and social support (r=-.17, p=.029) had a negative correlation. The results of regression analysis showed that the factors affecting post-traumatic stress included fatigue (β=.56, p<.001), provision of COVID-19 manual (β=-.24, p<.001), and quarantined experience (β=.18, p=.006) and that the total explanatory power was 42.0%. Conclusion: In this study, fatigue, provision of COVID-19 manual, and quarantined experience were found as influential factors of post-traumatic stress among nurses in direct care for COVID-19 patients. Therefore, development of the intervention for reducing the fatigue should consider to prevent post-traumatic stress in nurses. Also, provision of COVID-19 manual for nurses and psychological intervention program for nurses experienced quarantine are necessary.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.247-259
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 포스트코로나 시대를 주도할 교육과 인재양성을 위해 미래 사회를 대비할 수 있는 교육 방향을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 빅데이터 분석을 통해 포스트코로나 인재상을 알아본 후 도출된 포스트코로나 인재상을 바탕으로 전문가 집단의 인터뷰와 델파이 조사를 통해 포스트코로나 시대 도래에 따른 이슈를 도출하고 이를 토대로 '포스트코로나시대 융합인재양성을 위한 정책방향'을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 빅 데이터 분석과 온라인 인터뷰 분석을 통해 융합, ICT 활용 능력, 창의성, 자기주도학습 능력, 리더십을 COVID 19 이후 시대에 인재역량으로 보았다. 둘째, 디지털 교육 시스템의 혁신, 취약계층에 대한 지원, 학급당 학생 수 감소가 새로운 인재육성을 위한 교육 이슈로 보았으며 셋째, COVID 19 이후 시대의 인재 육성에 대한 교육 방향 중 가장 중요한 정책은 융합 인재 양성이었다. 융합은 서로 분리된 것들을 연결함으로써 새로운 가치를 창조하기 때문에 매우 중요한 이슈라고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 포스트코로나 시대를 대비한 인재양성 및 이를 위한 교육, 훈련에 필요한 기반을 마련하고 기초자료를 제시하는데 의의가 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.468-474
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• 2022

Background: The new type of corona virus has a wide range of symptoms. Some people who have COVID-19 can experience long-term effects from their infection, known as post-COVID conditions. The authors aimed to investigate prolonged musculoskeletal pain as a symptom of the post-COVID-19 condition. Methods: This is a descriptive study on the patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in a university hospital, between March 2020 and March 2021. Patient records and an extensive questionnaire were used to obtain relevant demographic and clinical characteristics, including hospitalization history, comorbidities, smoking history, duration of the pain, the area of pain, and the presence of accompanying neuropathic symptoms. Results: Of the diagnosed patients, 501 agreed to participate in the study. Among the participants, 318 had musculoskeletal pain during COVID-19 infection, and 69 of them reported prolonged pain symptoms as part of their a post-COVID condition which could not be attributed to any other cause. The mean duration of pain was 4.38 ± 1.73 months, and the mean pain level was 7.2 ± 4.3. Neuropathic pain symptoms such as burning sensation (n = 16, 23.2%), numbness (n = 15, 21.7%), tingling (n = 10, 14.5%), stinging (n = 4, 5.8%), freezing (n = 1, 1.4%) were accompanied in patients with prolonged musculoskeletal pain. Conclusions: Patients with COVID-19 may develop prolonged musculoskeletal pain. In some patients, neuropathic pain accompanies it. Awareness of prolonged post-COVID-19 pain is crucial for its early detection and management.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether distribution and service companies maintained their accounting information quality and provided reliable information despite the economic changes occurring after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. The distribution industry has enjoyed increased demand as many companies expanded their untact distribution channels, including to online sales. However, as the pandemic drags on, their future prospects remain uncertain. Research design, data, and methodology: In this study, we define 2018-2019 as the "pre COVID-19 period" and 2020 as the "post COVID-19 period." An empirical analysis was performed using a regression model that includes POST, the independent variable, indicating the post COVID-19 period, and discretionary accruals(DA), a proxy for earnings management, as a dependent variable. Results: The analysis shows that the coefficient of POST is significantly positive (+) for the dependent variable DA. This finding suggests that distribution and service companies engaged in more earnings management during the post COVID-19 period than during the pre COVID-19 period, indicating their awareness of the uncertainty of future business performance as the pandemic persists. An additional analysis confirmed that smaller companies with fewer stakeholders and higher information asymmetry tend to engage more in earnings management than larger companies.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.103-106
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• 2023

Post-acute coronavirus disease (COVID-19) syndrome is defined as persistent symptoms or delayed complications after COVID-19. Several cases of cranial nerve invasion related to COVID-19 have been reported. However, to our knowledge, no cases of solitary unilateral hypoglossal nerve paralysis after mild COVID-19 without intubation have been reported to date. Herein, we report the case of a 64-year-old man with unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy as a complication of COVID-19. He complained of dysarthria and tongue discomfort 2 weeks after COVID-19 onset. Brain and neck computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, and blood tests ruled out other possible causes. The patient's nerve palsy was rapidly diagnosed and improved with early rehabilitation. Understanding of the pathology of COVID-19 is still limited. Physicians should focus on patients' symptoms and their relationship to COVID-19, and investigate complications immediately. This case highlights the importance of early detection and rehabilitation of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2022

Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic has triggered several herd purchase behaviors, and online shopping has been considered a health-related preventative behavior. Thisstudy aimsto the relative impact of health threat beliefs concerning Covid-19 (perceived susceptibility and perceived severity) and herd mentality on consumers' online shopping post-adoption disconfirmation and continuance intention of online shopping. Research design, data and methodology: An internet survey was conducted with Vietnamese consumers, and upon screening, usable data of 292 responses were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Results showed that while herd mentality positively affects disconfirmation, health threat beliefs including perceived susceptibility and perceived severity of Covid-19 do not. Results: Results also provided further support for the notion that disconfirmation is a crucial determinant of post-adoption continuance intention. Moreover, herd mentality also has a significantly negative influence on online shopping post-adoption continuance intention. Conclusions: The research provides evidence supporting the role of herd mentality and post-adoption disconfirmation in driving consumers' intention to continue online shopping. However, the research shows that neither the perceived susceptibility of Covid-19 nor the perceived severity of Covid-19 has significant impact on post-adoption disconfirmation, adding mixed evidence to the application of health belief theory in technology (such as online shopping) adoption.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권4호
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• pp.320-331
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• 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major health burden worldwide, with over 450 million confirmed cases and 6 million deaths. Although the acute phase of COVID-19 management has been established, there is still a long way to go to evaluate the long-term clinical course or manage complications due to the relatively short outbreak of the virus. Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most common respiratory complications associated with COVID-19. Scarring throughout the lungs after viral or bacterial pulmonary infection have been commonly observed, but the prevalence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis is rapidly increasing. However, there is limited information available about post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis, and there is also a lack of consensus on what condition should be defined as post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. During a relatively short follow-up period of approximately 1 year, lesions considered related to pulmonary fibrosis often showed gradual improvement; therefore, it is questionable at what time point fibrosis should be evaluated. In this review, we investigated the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and management of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.153-169
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• 2024

코로나19 팬데믹 발생과 엔데믹은 사람들의 식품 소비 패턴에 큰 변화를 유발한 사건으로 여겨진다. 코로나19 발생 이전부터 코로나19가 종식된 시점까지 국내 소비자들의 식생활이 어떻게 변모되어 왔는지 파악할 필요성이 있다. 이에 코로나19 기간을 구분하고 기간에 따른 국내 소비자들의 식품 지출액을 실증적으로 분석하여, 식품 소비 행태를 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 코로나19 기간을 세 가지로 구분하였으며, 분석을 위해 통계청 가계동향조사 마이크로데이터의 월별 식료품 지출액 자료를 2019년 1월부터 2022년 9월까지 활용하였다. 코로나19 기간이 구분되는 두 지점은 국내 첫 코로나19 확진자가 발생한 2020년 1월과 유행 규모가 둔화하고 사회적 거리두기 정책이 완화된 2022년 3월로 설정하였다. 즉, 2019년 1월부터 2020년 1월까지는 PRE-코로나19 (T1), 2020년 2월부터 2022년 2월까지는 INTER-코로나1 9(T2), 2022년 3월부터 2022년 9월까지는 POST-코로나19 (T3)이다. 식품 카테고리는 신선곡물과 가공곡물, 신선채소와 가공채소, 신선과일과 가공과일, 신선수산과 가공수산, 신선축산과 가공축산 지출액을 분석하였으며, 추가적으로 육류 단백질 급원식품 (붉은 육류, 흰살 육류, 햄/소시지/베이컨), 수산 단백질 급원식품 (생선류, 연체류, 갑각류/조개류, 해조류, 어묵/맛살, 수산물통조림), 식물성 단백질 급원식품 (두류, 두부, 두유) 지출액을 분석하였다. 각 식품 카테고리 및 급원식품의 T1 대비 T2의 지출액 변화와 T2 대비 T3의 지출액 변화를 다중회귀분석으로 결과를 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 전반적인 가정 내 식료품 지출액 변화는 T1 대비 T2에 증가하였으며, T2 대비 T3에 감소하는 모습을 보였다. T1에서 T2로 시간이 흐르며 내식이 확대되며 식료품 지출액이 증가할 때, 신선과일과 수산 단백질 (갑각류/조개류) 지출액만 증가하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, T2에서 T3로 시간이 흐르며 내식이 축소되며 식료품 지출액이 감소할 때, 가공육류와 수산 및 육류 단백질 급원식품 (즉, 햄/소시지/베이컨, 어묵/맛살, 수산물통조림) 지출액만 감소하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어, T1, T2, T3 시간에 따라 식료품 지출액이 변화할 때 식물성 단백질 급원식품인 두유의 지출액은 변동이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과는 코로나19라는 전례 없었던 사건이 확산되고 종식되는 시간에 따라 국내 소비자들의 식료품 지출액에 미친 영향을 보여준다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2022

Objectives This study was aimed to report a significant improvement of patient with post COVID-19 syndrome, diagnosed as 'Soyang type lesser yang wind damage patterns' based on Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods The patient was diagnosed as Soyang type and had treatment with Sasang Constitutional Medicine three times everyday from June 13th to July 16th. Clinical improvement was evaluated with the degree of dizziness, migraine, palpitation and nausea caused by COVID-19. Results The symptoms of dizziness, migraine, palpitation, nausea caused by COVID-19 were improved after treated with Hyeongbangjihwang-tanggamibang. Conclusions After the treatment with Hyeongbangjihwang-tanggamibang, the symptoms of dizziness, migraine, palpitation, nausea caused by COVID-19 were disappeared. This suggests that Hyeongbangjihwang-tanggamibang is effective in recovering post COVID-19 syndrome for patient who diagnosed as 'Soyang type lesser yang wind damage patterns' based on Sasang Constitutional Medicine.