• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.239-251
• /
• 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has severely curtailed travelers' willingness to carpool and complicated the psychological processing system of travelers' carpooling decisions. In the post-COVID-19 era, a two-stage decision model under dynamic decision scenarios is constructed by tracking the psychological states of subjects in the face of multi-scenario carpooling decisions. Through a scenario experiment method, this paper investigates how three psychological variables, travelers' psychological distance to COVID-19, anticipated regret, and experienced regret about carpooling decisions, affect their willingness to carpool and re-carpool. The results show that in the initial carpooling decision, travelers' perception gap of anticipated regret positively predicts carpooling willingness and partially mediates between psychological distance to COVID-19 and carpooling willingness; in the re-carpooling decision, travelers' perception gap of anticipated regret mediates in the process of experienced regret influencing re-carpooling willingness; the inhibitory effect of experienced regret on carpooling in the context of COVID-19 is stronger than its facilitative effect on carpooling willingness. This paper tries to offer a fact-based decision-processing system for travelers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.291-307
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The aims of study were to identify the main keywords, the network structure, and the main topics of press articles related to nurses that have appeared in media reports. Methods: Data were media articles related to the topic "nurse" reported in 16 central media within a one-year period spanning July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Data were collected from the Big Kinds database. A total of 7,800 articles were searched, and 1,038 were used for the final analysis. Text network analysis and topic modeling were performed using NetMiner 4.4. Results: The number of media reports related to nurses increased by 3.86 times after the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak compared to prior. Pre- and post-COVID-19 network characteristics were density 0.002, 0.001; average degree 4.63, 4.92; and average distance 4.25, 4.01, respectively. Four topics were derived before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, respectively. Pre-COVID-19 example topics are "a nurse who committed suicide because she could not withstand the Taewoom at work" and "a nurse as a perpetrator of a newborn abuse case," while post-COVID-19 examples are "a nurse as a victim of COVID-19," "a nurse working with the support of the people," and "a nurse as a top contributor and a warrior to protect from COVID-19." Conclusion: Topic modeling shows that topics become more positive after the COVID-19 outbreak. Individual nurses and nursing organizations should continuously monitor and conduct further research on nurses' image.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.172-179
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) often has a poor prognosis despite rescue efforts. Although the incidence and mortality of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have increased, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has decreased in some countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the prehospital setting, immediate treatment of cardiac arrest is required without knowing the patient's COVID-19 status. Because COVID-19 is usually transmitted through the respiratory tract, airway management can put medical personnel at risk for infection. This study explored whether on-scene treatments involving CPR for TCA patients changed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. Methods: This retrospective study used data from emergency medical services (EMS) run sheets in Gangwon Province from January 2019 to December 2021. Patients whose initial problem was cardiac arrest and who received CPR were included. Data in 2019 were classified as pre-COVID-19 and all subsequent data (from 2020 and 2021) as post-COVID-19. Age, sex, possible cause of cardiac arrest, and treatments including airway maneuvers, oropharyngeal airway (OPA) or i-gel insertion, endotracheal intubation (ETI), bag-valve mask (BVM) ventilation, intravenous (IV) line establishment, neck collar application, and wound dressing with hemostasis were investigated. Results: During the study period, 2,007 patients received CPR, of whom 596 patients had TCA and 367 had disease-origin cardiac arrest (DCA). Among the patients with TCA, 192 (32.2%) were pre-COVID-19 and 404 (67.8%) were post-COVID-19. In the TCA group, prehospital treatments did not decrease. The average frequencies were 59.7% for airway maneuvers, 47.5% for OPA, 57.4% for BVM, and 51.3% for neck collar application. The rates of ETI, i-gel insertion, and IV-line establishment increased. The treatment rate for TCA was significantly higher than that for DCA. Conclusions: Prehospital treatments by EMS workers for patients with TCA did not decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic. Instead, the rates of ETI, i-gel insertion, and IV-line establishment increased.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2024

This study is a descriptive research study to determine the stress, resilience, and social support of nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients and the impact on post-traumatic growth. The survey was conducted on 179 nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients at a general hospital located in D City from July 19, 2021, to August 10, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 22.0. Post-traumatic growth showed a significant positive correlation with resilience (r=.499, p=<.001) and social support (r=.494, p=<.001). As a result of multiple regression analysis, prior knowledge about COVID-19 (𝛽=.142, p=.023), resilience (𝛽=.330, p =<.001), and social support (𝛽=.296, p =<.001) was a significant variable affecting post-traumatic growth. These results will be used as basic data to improve nurses' post-traumatic growth.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.10
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to indicate the direction of the future university classes in the post-COVID era, comparing and analyzing lecture evaluation of pre and post COVID-19. To this end, 4 yeard data were used from 2018 to 2019 for pre COVID-19 and form 2020 to 2021 data for post COVID-19. The results were as follows. In the case of liberal arts, "assignments" was the word with the highest frequency and degree centrality(DC) regardless of pre and post-COVID-19 In the major, "understanding" appeared as the most important word. The result of the ego network analysis indicated that "video lecture" and "non-face-to-face classes" were difficult and "interaction" between the professor and the students was important. As a results, it is important to reduce the weight of assignments and increase interaction with students in liberal arts classes. In the case of majors, it is necessary to operate face-to-face classes rather than non-face-to-face classes, and to organize the contents of videos without difficulty.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.19-31
• /
• 2024

In order to support the mission of the institution in which they are attached, academic libraries provide services in both manual and digital but COVID -19 pandemic that spanned between March and September, 2020 has changed the scenario. With particular reference to Nigeria, about 249,606 cases were confirmed and in order to curb the scourge of this deadly disease, physical academic activities were prevented by Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). With this development, innovative tools became indispensable tools for successful delivery of library services in Nigerian academic libraries. Whether or not these tools are still in use for reformation of library service during post- Covid era remains unclear, hence, need for this study. This study examined librarians' use of innovative tools for information dissemination in Nigerian academic libraries during the post-Covid era using a descriptive survey design. Data were obtained both in quantitative and qualitative formats from one hundred and forty-four librarians as respondents. A total enumeration sampling technique was adopted because the population was minimal. Findings of the study revealed that innovative tools such as videoconferencing, WhatsApp, teleconferencing, Facebook, LinkedIn, and web-based learning applications are still in use by librarians for the dissemination of information during the post-Covid era. These tools are useful and beneficial to librarians during the post-COVID era, as they facilitate easy participation and engagement of library users in various discussions. Inadequate funding and lack of advanced technology skills were also identified as major impediments to the successful use of innovative tools for information dissemination. As a result, it was suggested that academic libraries throughout Nigeria prioritize staff training on the necessary digital skills needed to cope in this advanced technology era.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.211-227
• /
• 2023

Purpose In the contemporary landscape, marked by the enduring impact of COVID-19 and the recent disruptions stemming from the conflict in Ukraine, the purpose of this study is to navigate the era characterized by pervasive risk and uncertainty. Specifically, the study aims to dissect the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on digital transformation, exploring the factors influencing this process and considering the multifaceted dynamics at play. The focus extends to the post-COVID-19 landscape, scrutinizing the implications and meanings of digital transformation both before and after the pandemic. Additionally, the study delves into future digital trends, with particular attention to climate and environmental issues, emphasizing corporate responsibilities in averting crises similar to COVID-19. The overarching goal is to provide a holistic perspective, shedding light on both positive and negative facets of digital transformation, and advocating for regulatory enhancements and legal frameworks conducive to a balanced and resilient digital future. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a comprehensive approach to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on digital transformation. It considers various facets, such as smart devices reshaping daily routines, transformative changes in corporate ecosystems, and the adaptation of government institutions to the digital era within the broader context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The analysis extends to the post-COVID-19 landscape, examining the implications and meanings of digital transformation. Future digital trends, especially those related to climate and environmental issues, are prognosticated. The methodology involves a proactive exploration of challenges associated with digital transformation, aiming to advocate for regulatory enhancements and legal frameworks that contribute to a balanced and resilient digital future. Findings The findings of this study reveal that the digital economy has gained momentum, accelerated by the proliferation of non-face-to-face industries in response to social distancing imperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital transformation, both preceding and succeeding the onset of the pandemic, has precipitated noteworthy shifts in various aspects of daily life. However, challenges persist, and the study highlights factors that either bolster or hinder the transformative process. In the post-COVID-19 era, corporate responsibilities in averting crises, particularly those resembling the pandemic, take center stage. The study emphasizes the need for a holistic perspective, acknowledging both positive and negative facets of digital transformation. Additionally, it calls for proactive measures, including regulatory enhancements and legal frameworks, to ensure a balanced and resilient digital future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.509-514
• /
• 2021

The pandemic of COVID-19 is driving the demand for non-face-to-face diagnosis, observation, and treatment in the healthcare environment, which has led to increased interest in helathcare robots. The authors intend to predict the direction in which the quarantine healthcare robots should be utilized in the post-corona era through analysis of national agency reports, on-offline press reports, and domestic and foreign robot company press releases. The COVID-19 pandemic has raised interest in medical robots. And there is a need to apply healthcare robots that can perform tasks such as disinfection, logistics transfer, screening tests, monitoring of patients, remote medical treatment support for isolated patients, and video calls with family members. Therefore, it is considered that future correct development and application of healthcare robots and empirical research to verify them should be continued based on sufficient consideration for various problems associated with the practical application of robots.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2023

Background: Most international bodies recommended against musculoskeletal steroid injection during the COVID-19 pandemic, fearing that the immunosuppressive effects of the steroid could worsen COVID-19 infection, thus prolonging the suffering of patients with severe musculoskeletal disease. The authors' aim is to analyze the risk of COVID-19 infection after musculoskeletal injections. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who visited a sports medicine clinic and received musculoskeletal steroid injections between January 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. The collected data was compared with the national COVID-19 registry to identify positive COVID-19 patients. The patients were only considered positive for COVID-19 following corticosteroid injection within 3 months after injection. Results: Out of 502 steroid injections; 79.7% (n = 400) received a single injection in one day, 19.1% (n = 96) received steroid injections at 2 sites in one day, and 1.2% (n = 6) received steroid injections at 3 sites in one day. Using the Fisher's exact test, there was no statistically significant association of COVID-19 infection between the steroid group and control group (relative risk, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-23.1, P = 0.654). Only one patient contracted mild COVID-19 with no post COVID complications. Conclusions: The authors recommend the use of musculoskeletal steroid injections in clinically indicated situation without having increased risk of COVID-19.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.943-952
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on corporate governance attributes and firm performance association. This research used a sample of 188 non-financial firms from the Malaysian market for the years 2019-2020. We found that the COVID-19 has affected all firm characteristics including firm performance, governance structure, dividend, liquidity, and leverage level, yet, the difference between prior and post COVID-19 pandemic is not significant. Also, the investigation revealed that board size exerts a significant positive impact on firm performance. After splitting the sample based on year, however, we found that board size does not matter in the uncertain time of the current crisis, while board diversity appeared to be significantly enhancing firm performance in the crisis time compared to the prior year where it has an inverse association with firm performance in both indicators. Board meetings and audit committee meetings seemed to have a significant negative influence on firm performance pre and post-COVID-19. This study contributes to the limited literature by providing the first empirical evidence on the impact of Coronavirus on the firm performance and corporate governance association.