• Title/Summary/Keyword: Positive and Negative Emotion

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Algorithmic Price Discrimination and Negative Word-of-Mouth: The Chain Mediating Role of Deliberate attribution and Negative Emotion

  • Wei-Jia Li;Yue-Jun Wang;Zi-Yang Liu
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.28 no.10
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    • pp.229-239
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to explore the impact of algorithmic price discrimination on negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) through the lens of attribution theory. It also examines the mediating roles of intentional attributions and negative emotions, as well as the moderating effect of price sensitivity. For this study, 772 consumers who had purchased flight tickets completed a questionnaire survey, and the collected data were analyzed and tested using SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 24.0 software. The research findings reveal that algorithmic price discrimination has a significant positive impact on intentional attributions, negative emotions, and NWOM. Specifically, deliberate attributions and negative emotions mediate the relationship between algorithmic price discrimination and NWOM, while price sensitivity positively moderates the relationship between negative emotions and NWOM. Therefore, companies should consider disclosing algorithm details transparently in their marketing strategies to mitigate consumers' negative emotions and implement targeted strategies for consumers with different levels of price sensitivity to enhance positive word-of-mouth.

The Influence of Art-provoked Affect on Product and Product Attributes Evaluation (명화(名畵)에서 유발된 감정이 차용된 제품과 제품속성 평가에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hanku;Jung, Bohee;Chu, Wujin
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.99-130
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    • 2011
  • In recent years, a new way of differentiating product design has emerged -better known as 'masterpiece marketing,' this is a strategy where famous art pieces are borrowed on to product designs. Because the recent trends of well-being and LOHAS have encouraged the consumers' desires to enjoy culture and live a more opulent lifestyle, famous and notable paintings have grown to be more of "approachable masterpieces" to the public. As a strategy intended to develop a new consumerism, while still prioritizing customers' values and their satisfaction, companies have been drawn to this new type of marketing. The current consumption society has converted renowned art pieces from simply works of 'high culture' to a further way of marketing, aimed to differentiate products and dominate the market. Though many products have had masterpieces applied to their designs and have been noticed for their marketability, there has been less systematic research done on the scientific background behind this marketing approach. This research focused on the art pieces' fundamental nature of inducing emotions in the viewer, and hypothesized about how the evaluation of a product may be influenced by the affect provoked by the art piece used. To be more specific, if art pieces with different levels of pleasure and arousal -the two axis of emotion suggested by existing research on emotion -were used on each product, the goal was to see how the different levels influenced the consumer's assessment of the products, focusing on product's type as well as the evaluation of their attributes. First, a pretest was done to verify the relationship between the emotion provoked by the art piece and the consumer's preference. There were two types of surveys, each with five drawings from the ten that were assumed to differ in levels of the two axis of emotion. The survey was composed of questions asking for positive emotion, negative emotion, level of arousal, and preference. The correlation between the measurements of positive and negative emotions was -0.792, so an integrated entry was used in the analysis by subtracting the measurement of negative emotions from that of positive emotions. The first hypothesis that paintings that provoke positive emotions will be more preferred than paintings that bring out negative emotions was supported; and through this research, paintings that were to be used for the products were selected. The second pretest was conducted to settle on an item that would be used in the research. Items meant to measure utilitarian and hedonic attributes of milk and chocolate, the two products to be used in the research, were extracted. Because milk is a utilitarian product with strong practical attributes while chocolate is a hedonic product with strong hedonic attributes, these two were selected to be used in this research. The first study was executed to see if there is a difference in attitude about products that have different painting on their designs, which either induces positive or negative emotions. It was also to verify whether this difference in attitude was mediated by the viewer's preference for the art piece. This study showed that when positive emotion inducing painting was used, the product was better evaluated compared to the product with a painting that provokes a negative emotion, thus supporting the second hypothesis. It was also supported that the effect of affect on product evaluation was mediated by preference for the art piece. The second study was done to see the influence of the level of arousal on the evaluation of the product's attributes. Art pieces that differ in the level of arousal were selected through the pretest, and later it verified the hypothesis that the level of arousal has an effect on the assessment of the attributes of the product. In the case of milk, a utilitarian product, the fourth hypothesis that a high-arousal painting will better evaluated for its hedonic attributes was supported, as well as the fifth, which hypothesized that a low-arousal painting will receive a higher assessment for its utilitarian attributes. However, for chocolate, a hedonic product, both fourth and fifth hypotheses were not supported. This study is significant for the following basis: first, it verified the importance of the emotion induced by the painting on the evaluation of the product's attributes, by applying a systematic and scientific method. Second, it expanded from the existing research on positive/negative emotions to confirm the additional influence of the state of arousal on product evaluation.

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The Effect of Individual's Flow and Stress on Subjective Well-being in Social Network Services (소셜 네트워크 서비스에서 사용자의 플로우와 스트레스가 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향)

  • Koh, Joon;Lee, Sung-Jun;Lou, Liguo
    • Journal of Information Technology Services
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.211-226
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    • 2016
  • Most of the SNS users argue that they feel techno-stress or digital fatigue when they use SNS. As the relationships in the SNS expand, users may feel work overload, digital fatigue, and techno-stress which are caused by the time and effort for the retaining the existing relationships established via SNS. The SNS activities require users' time and effort to update their profiles and the current news of them, responding to online friends' contents. Thus, more relationships they have, more stress they can feel. This study tries to examine the key factors that can affect subjective well-being of individuals in Social Network Service (SNS) usage. Therefore, this study, based on the previous literature, investigates what the sources of SNS stress are and how SNS stress and flow affect subjective well-being of SNS users. Major findings of this study from an empirical analysis with 201 SNS user respondents who have accessed SNS at least one time within one month are as follows. First, perceived opportunity cost and reputation recognition in SNS usage were found to have significant effects on negative emotion. Second, individual's flow in SNS was significantly affected by challenges and interactions, and had a significant impact on positive emotion. However, SNS users' flow did not show a positive relationship with their satisfaction of life. This study contributes to the expansion of theoretical discussion about the effect of individual's SNS usage on quality of life in validating whether SNS usage can bring individuals subjective well-being. Implications of the study findings and future research directions are also discussed.

The Effects of the Negative Affectivity of Emotional Laborers on Their Emotional Exhaustion: Situational Characteristics Moderating the Mediation Effect of Emotion Regulation (감정노동자들의 부정적 정서가 정서소진에 미치는 영향: 정서조절의 매개효과를 조절하는 상황 요인 검증)

  • Han, Kyueun;Kim, Min Young
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 2019
  • The regulation of emotion is known to mediate the relationship between emotion-relevant differences in individuals and their life outcomes. This study attempted to include a situational factor in addition to the mediation model and investigated whether this conditional component changed the patterns of indirect effects. The researchers recruited 180 emotional laborers working in diverse domains and used a questionnaire to ascertain their negative affectivity, cognitive reappraisal, emotional exhaustion, and the intensity of negative comments they usually received from customers. The results of the conditional indirect effect analysis revealed the positive indirect influence of negative affectivity on emotional exhaustion through cognitive reappraisal when emotional labors receive highly negative comments from customers (high intensity of the situation). Similarly, negative indirect effects were found when emotional labors receive slightly negative comments from customers (low intensity of the situation). The outcomes of this study suggest that cognitive reappraisal can mediate to decrease emotional exhaustion in contexts that arouse more intensive negative emotions; it can also mediate to increase emotional exhaustion in contexts that arouse less intensive negative emotions. The implications of this study include the importance of integrating individual differences with situational factors. The study also provides information about the distinctiveness of groups of emotional laborers.

Relationship between Spiritual Health, Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation among French Emerging Adults

  • Papillon, Pascal;Rajesh, Sasidharan K.
    • CELLMED
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.3.1-3.4
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    • 2020
  • Spirituality is the dynamic and inherent dimension of humanity. This study aimsto evaluate the relationship between Spiritual Health, Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation among French Emerging Adults. An online cross-sectional survey design consisted of four hundred and twenty-one samples were recruited from different universities at Strasbourg, France. Participant's age ranged from 18 to 28 years with a mean age of 20.77 years (SD=2.22). The results, highlights that Spiritual Health Measure was significant and positive association with Mindfulness (r=.45, p < .01) and Reappraisal (r=.22, p < .01). Further, the significant negative correlation observed with Spiritual Dissonance (r=.44, p < .01) and Suppression (r=.24, p < .01). These findings support emerging literature on Spiritual Health. Future studies should evolve an intervention model to promote Spiritual Health and Positive Health.

The Influences of Deteriorated Visuo-spatial Attention Allocation Ability Caused by Aging on Emotional Perception Bias (노화에 의해 저하된 시공간 주의배분능력이 정서지각 편향성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Sang-Yub;Jung, Jae-Bum;Nam, Ki-Chun
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.3-20
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on visuo-spatial attention allocation ability and emotional perception bias. We used the useful field of view (UFOV) task to measure the visuo-spatial attention allocation ability and the emotional perception task to measure positive and negative emotional perception bias. A total of 48 participants took part in this study with 23 participants in the senior group and 25 in the junior group. The senior group showed slower response time and lower accuracy than the junior group in the UFOV task, indicating that the senior group had lower visuo-spatial attention allocation ability than the junior group. In the emotional perception task, the senior group showed both positive and negative emotional perception bias more than the junior group. The correlation analysis showed that the negative emotional perception bias for accuracy in the emotional perception task showed a positive correlation with the response time to the stimuli presented in the visual angle 30° in the UFOV task (r=.289). In addition, positive emotional perception bias for the accuracy in the emotional perception task showed a positive correlation with the accuracy of the stimuli presented in the visual angles 10°, 20°, and 30° in the UFOV task (r=.305, r=.322, and r=.299, respectively). However, it showed a negative correlation with the response time of the stimuli presented in the same location in the UFOV task (r=-.345, r=-.295, r=-.308). These results suggest that aging is associated with a decrease in the visuo-spatial attention allocation ability and perceptual bias toward positive and negative emotions. In addition, the positive and negative emotional perception biases associated with aging are potentially related to the reduced visuo-spatial attention allocation ability.

The Effect of Positive and Negative Emotions on Shopping Value and Approach Behaviors of the Internet Apparel Shopping Site (긍정적, 부정적 쇼핑감정이 쇼핑가치와 인터넷 의류 쇼핑사이트 접근행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Hyo-Eun;Yoh, Eun-Ah
    • Journal of Distribution Research
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.101-122
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    • 2010
  • In this study, it is explored whether positive and negative emotions affected hedonic and utilitarian values experienced while shopping apparel in the Internet. In addition, the effect of hedonic and utilitarian shopping values on store approach behaviors was explored. For this study, Babin and Attaway's research model that was used for off-line shopping malls was adopted to investigate the relationships among research variables. Data obtained through experiments with 278 female college students were submitted for an analysis. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with AMOS 6.0 were used to analyze data. Based on the model test, negative emotions negatively affected hedonic and utilitarian shopping value perception while positive emotions positively affected hedonic and utilitarian shopping value perception for the Internet apparel shopping site. Hedonic and utilitarian shopping values positively influenced attitude toward the Internet shopping site while only utilitarian shopping value affected revisiting Internet apparel shopping site. Managerial and academic implications were generated based on results.

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Derivation of Representative Emotions Through Analysis of Perceived Frequency Profiles of Various Emotions According to Levels of Cognitive Well-Being (인지적 안녕감 수준에 따른 다양한 감정의 지각된 빈도 프로파일 분석을 통한 대표 감정 도출)

  • Dahye Han;Guk-Hee Lee
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.83-100
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    • 2023
  • This study determines whether the perception of the frequency of experiencing positive, negative, and surprise emotions changes according to the level of cognitive well-being. Furthermore, we determined practical means to analyze which emotions can be managed in daily life as an effective means of improving overall life satisfaction by identifying representative specific emotions that strongly predict the level of cognitive well-being. To this end, the between-subjects factorial design is adopted to measure the frequency of emotional experiences according to the level of cognitive well-being in 438 university undergraduate students. For cognitive well-being, the life satisfaction scale (SWLS) was used, and the PANAS-X scale was used to measure emotional frequency. As a result, first, the group with high cognitive well-being displays a higher frequency of positive and surprise emotional experiences and a lower frequency of negative emotional experiences than the group with low cognitive well-being. Second, the results confirm that representative emotions affecting cognitive well-being included 8 positive emotions, 7 negative emotions, and 1 surprise emotion. Among them, positive emotions include "happy" and "confident," negative emotions include "dissatisfied with self" and "disgusted with self," and surprise emotions include words such as "amazed." Therefore, we can conclude that the representative emotions are those with the greatest influence on cognitive well-being. Therefore, increasing the frequency of specific emotions (e.g., happy, confident, and surprise) and decreasing the frequency of others (e.g., dissatisfied with self and disgusted with self) could be effective in improving cognitive well-being than unconditionally examining emotions experienced in daily life.

The Influence of Stress and Emotion Regulation Ability of Health College Students on University Life Adjustment (보건계열 대학생들의 스트레스와 정서조절에 따른 대학생활적응 관련성 연구)

  • Kang, Hyun-Joo
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.12 no.9
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect stress, emotional regulation, and adjustment to college life of health college students. The survey was conducted from June 21 to 30, 2021 for 190 health students in G and J area. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, reliability analysis, simple correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that positive perception had positive correlation with negative perception(r=-.286,p<.01), emotional regulation (r=.296,p<.01), and university life adjustment(r=.520,p<.01). Negative perception was correlated with emotional regulation(r=-.619,p<.01), university life adjustment (r=-.428,p<.01) and negative(-). Emotional regulation had a positive correlation with university life adjustment(r=.341,p<.01). Positive perception, negative perception, and emotional regulation, which are sub-factors of perceived stress, were the factors affecting the adjustment to university life, and the explanatory power was 84%. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a program that can improve the adjustment of college students in health.

Study of Parental Reactions to a Child's Negative Emotions (유아의 부정적 정서에 대한 부모의 반응에 관한 연구)

  • Chung, Myoung-Ja;Lim, You-Kyoung;Kim, Dong-Rye
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.1109-1119
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of the father's and mother's reactions to their children's negative emotions, relations among the children's variables, parent's variables, and parent's reactions. The subjects selected were 183 mothers and 183 fathers with children aged three to five-years-old, from a childcare center and kindergarten in Kwang-ju. Parental emotion-related practices regarding children's negative emotions were assessed with an adaptation of the CCNES(Fabes et al, 1990) that was modified by Kim Hee-Jung(1994). Descriptives, Pearson's correlation coefficient, were used for data analysis by using the SPSS 15.0 program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, fathers and mothers used more positive reactions than negative reactions when their children showed negative emotions. The mothers were significantly higher than fathers on encouragement of expression, punitive, and distress reactions. Second, the children's age and gender, parent's age, level of education and income were negatively and positively correlated to the father's and mother's reactions to their children's negative emotions.