• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.359-376
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• 2022

Based on an ecological model of teacher agency, the purpose of this study was to examine the relevance of HE (home economics) subjects and CSE (comprehensive sexuality education) for HE teachers, and their implementation in HE classes. To achieve this, a survey was conducted with HE teachers nationwide for which 243 responses were collected, and interviews were conducted with five HE teachers who were actively practicing CSE. The results of the survey and interview were as follows. First, HE teachers strongly recognized the relevance of HE subjects and the topic of CSE with an average score of 4.63 (out of 5 points), and practiced CSE at an average of 72.23% (97.12%~43.21%) in their class. Second, based on the ecological approach model of teacher agency, the factors facilitating the CSE practice of HE teachers included: childbirth and parenting experienced as parents, experiences of students encountering sexual problems in school, the philosophy and content of HE subjects, positive feedback from students and support from fellow teachers, and intention to help students in their lives. Conversely, HE teachers cited a lack of sexual education experience as learners, complaints from parents, weakness of HE teacher networks, lack of specific statements in curriculum and textbooks, insufficient class content and teacher training, and lack of absolute class time. This study is significant in revealing that CSE is highly relevant to the contents of HE subjects and is already being practiced in HE classes.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.2
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• pp.161-184
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions in treatments and experiences of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) for mothers parenting a child with ADHD. Using Giorgi's 4 stages, this study investigated the meaning of ADHD treatments for mothers. Data were collected from December 2014 to February 2015 for 3 months with a sample of 13 mothers of children with ADHD via in-depth interviews. Collected data was analyzed using an interpretative phenomenological approach. Dominant issues identified were: I (mother) need to be changed for my child; Through mothers' experiences of lack of self-determination about a child with ADHD, they realized ignorance, chaos, and anxiety. While they experience multiple negative feeling, there is a positive change with unresolved issues. The findings highlight the correct awareness of ADHD and incorporated therapies for mothers and children with ADHD to improve treatment retention. Also, specialized services would be developed for mothers to promote their positive attitude to life, which is vital to cultivating the correct self-awareness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.279-291
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to determine the structural relationships among the infant's temperament, father's involvement in child-rearing, and the infant's social and emotional behavior. To this end, research was conducted with 330 parents of infants aged 1 and 2 in 55 day care centers located in J city and I city, Jeollabukdo. Frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural model equation analysis were conducted using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. First, the results of the structural model equation analysis showed that the infant's temperament had a negative correlation with leisure and guidance, while it had a positive correlation with activity and impulsivity, which are external manifestations of their social and emotional behavior. Father's involvement in child-rearing had a negative correlation with the adaptability and mood aspects of the child's temperament, and also with general anxiety, an internal aspect of his or her social and emotional behavior. Social and emotional behavior had a positive correlation with the approach avoidance aspect of the infant's temperament. Second, according to the results of the analysis of the route between the variables, infant temperament was found to be a significant route, having a statistically negative correlation with father's involvement in child-rearing. The results of this study showed that infant's temperament and father's involvement in child-rearing had effects on the infant's social and emotional behavior, and suggested the importance of having a proper understanding of the educational implications of the father's involvement in child-rearing, in terms of its effects on the infant's social and emotional behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.189-197
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate about the effects of parental rearing behavior on self-esteem and gender role stereotype during adolescence and to reveal the mediating effect of self-esteem on adolescents' gender role strerotype. Also investigated the relationship among these variables and condition variables. For this purpose, used the Second Grade longitudianl Panel data of Middle School from the Korea Youth Panel Survay(KYPS). And the latent growth model was analyzed 3,449 men and women adolescents' cases of the first, the fourth and the sixth wave of the Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS) administered by Korea Institute for Youth development. And the structural equation model was used to investigate whether self-esteem mediates parental rearing behavior and male and female gender role Strerotype. The results of this study, the direct effect between variable factors showed that the more positive the parenting behavior of the second grader of middle school is, the more positive the self-esteem of male adolescents and the initial value of stereotypes of male gender role. It also affects the self-esteem of female adolescents and stereotypes of female gender roles but not statistically significant. The male gender role stereotypes were decreased in influence by the rate of change of parental rearing behaviors, and the initial value and the rate of change of self-esteem were statistically influenced to the male gender role stereotypes and the higher the self-esteem, the higher the self-esteem. However, there was no significant effect on stereotypes of female gender roles. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect of self-esteem, partially mediated between the initial value of parental rearing behavior and initial stereotype of male gender role, but there was no longitudinal mediation effect. There was no mediating effect of self-esteem between parental rearing behaviors and stereotypes of female gender roles and there was no longitudinal mediation effect. The effect of condition variable gender was found that female adolescents are more affected by paretal rearing behavior than male adolescents and also affected by the growth process. The monthly income of households influenced the initial value of parental rearing behaviors and showed a difference in parental rearing behavior according to household income. And the higher the mother 's educational level, the more the self-esteem of male adolescents was affected.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2022

This study examines the effect of parental attachment on children's life satisfaction based on the relationship between parent attachment, life satisfaction, and ego resilience for children (5th grade elementary school). The purpose is to find out if it mediates the relationship. For this reason, data from the 12th year (2019) of the Korean Children's Panel of the Research Institute for Parenting Policy were used. In the 12th year data, most of the panel children who participated so far went on to the 5th grade of elementary school and became the upper grade of elementary school, so the variables were modified and expanded to reflect the developmental characteristics of the panel children. Data from 1,171 people who responded to all of parental attachment, ego resilience, and life satisfaction among the 1,600 currently maintained sample of 2,150 households in the Korean Children's Panel were analyzed. As a result of this study, first, parental attachment was found to have a positive effect on children's life satisfaction. Second, parental attachment was found to have a positive effect on ego resilience. Third, it was found that ego resilience mediates the relationship between parental attachment and children's life satisfaction. Therefore, this study intends to examine the relationship between parental attachment and life satisfaction in detail through ego resilience. Through this, it is intended to prepare an in-depth academic understanding and action plan for changes in children's life satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.63-79
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• 2015

This study explored the effect of mother's employment status on family environment and physical environment and psychological environment, the main concern of this which factors have effects on marital satisfactions of either employed or non-employed mothers. First, the result of analysis on family environment according to mothers' employment status shows non-employed mother's parental stress is higher than employed mother's. Besides, non-employed mother's self-esteem is lower than employed mother's, and non-employed mother's depression is significantly high. Concerning fathers' factors, the level of conflict between husband and wife is higher among husbands when their wives are employed. In the light of childrens' factors, non-employed mothers consider that their children display more negative emotion and more picky. Children's development of employed mothers is included in normal development range more than that of non-employed mothers. Second, conflict between husbands and wives have an significantly negative effect on marital satisfaction regardless wife's employment status. Husbands' cooperation in child-rearing and marital satisfaction have a positive effect on wives' marital satisfaction. The significant factor which influences on employed mother's marital satisfaction is education level of wives. This study would be meaningful in that infancy home environment was compared focusing on the mothers' employment status, and some factors which factors(variables) have impacts on marital satisfaction of infancy mothers were examined.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.370-379
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to estimate the longitudinal changes in the academic achievement of Korean adolescents who transition from elementary to middle school and examine the individual and social factors of the changes using piecewise growth modeling. For this study, the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) data from 1st to 6th waves (4th-9th grade) were used. The results are as follows. First, the results showed that the piecewise growth function was the most appropriate method to explain changes in the academic achievement of Korean adolescents with respect to the time of vacation. Second, adolescents' academic achievement declined constantly and was greater for middle school students. Third, parental efficacy, self-esteem, and support from friends had a significant positive effect, while uninvolved parenting and acculturation stress had a significant negative effect on the initial value of academic achievement. Self-esteem and support from friends in the 4th grade prohibit its decline in the first change rate of academic achievements. Meanwhile, acculturation stress for 4th-grade students accelerates the decline of academic achievement.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.566-578
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• 2000

This study was conducted to ascertain infant's sleep and feeding patterns for the purpose of building up the positive parent-child relationship and setting up a preliminary parenting education program. The subjects were 16 infants who were cared for in their houses. The data was collected using NCASA developed by Barnard et al. from October 1st to December 3lth, 1999. The analysis of data was done with SPSSWIN for descriptive statistics and t-test, ANOVA, Correlation Analysis. The result were as follows: 1. The average day sleep of the infant was 9.51 hours, night sleep was 6.27 hours, and total sleep was 15.84 hours. The longest period of day sleep was 3.02 hours, and the longest period of night sleep was 3.72 hours. The regularity of day sleep was 34.78%, night sleep was 61.72% and total was 43.76%. 2. The frequency of daytime feeding was 5.13 times, nighttime was 2.44 times and total was 7.38 times. The regularity of feeding was 52.14%. 3. In the correlation between sleep and feeding patterns, night sleep was negatively correlated with feeding method(r=-.52, P<0.05), the longest period of day sleep was negatively correlated with feeding method(r=-.73, P<0.001), feeding frequency(r=-.60, P<0.05), the regularity of feeding(r=-.70, P<0.001). The longest period of night sleep was negatively correlated with feeding frequency (r=-.53, P<0.05). Feeding method was positively correlated with feeding frequency(r=.71, P<0.001), the regularity of feeding(r=.57, P<0.05). Day sleep was positively correlated with total sleep(r=.93, P<0.001), the regularity of total sleep was positively correlated with the longest period of day sleep(r=.54, P<0.05), total sleep(r=.65, P<0.001). The regularity of feeding was positively correlated with feeding method(r=.57, P<0.05), total feeding frequency(r=.50, P<0.05), the frequency of daytime feeding(r=.61, P<0.05). Feeding method was positively correlated with total feeding frequency(r=.71, P<0.001). In conclusion, the study showed that infants slept more in the nighttime than in the daytime, but after 3 months the pattern changed and showed that nighttime sleep was increased. Also the regularity of night sleep was increased with the infant's age. Total feeding frequency was decreased with the infant's age, and the regularity of feeding was increased in infants who slept shorter periods in the daytime than in the nighttime.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.22-47
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine whether parental beliefs, value of children, and filial obligation were related. The subjects were 748 students(male 323, female 425) who were currently enrolled at university located in Seoul. The instruments used for this study were Filial Obligation Scale(Cho, 2002), Parenting Beliefs Questionnaire, and Value of Children by Arnold et al.(1975, 2001). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlations by SPSS PC Program. The results showed that university students generally demonstrated a higher level of individual-oriented beliefs than relation-oriented beliefs on parental beliefs. With regard to parental beliefs, family relation-oriented beliefs was relatively low in comparison with independence/autonomy-oriented beliefs, happiness-oriented beliefs, and cognition/knowledge-oriented beliefs. In addition, emotional value of children was relatively high in comparison with instrumental value of children. Also, male university students possessed a higher level of filial obligation. the level of cohabitation experience with their parents played a significant role in affecting the level of filial obligation. Unsurprisingly, a higher relation-oriented parental beliefs and emotional value of children demonstrated a higher level of filial obligation. There were also positive relationships between emotional value, instrumental value, and filial obligation. Hence, this study suggests that a practical, functional training services and resources for future parents must be ensued.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop a postpartum nursing intervention program for immigrant women and evaluate the effects on postpartum depression, child rearing confidence, home environment, and infant temperament. Methods: This research was a non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. Participants were pregnant immigrant women from China, Vietnam, and the Philippines residing in Kyunggi province and Seoul. Twenty women were assigned to the intervention group, and 19 women to the control group. For the intervention group, the women were visited at home and provided emotional support and parenting education for three months. To analyze the intervention effects, repeated measure ANOVA and t-test were used. Results: Child rearing confidence was higher in the experimental group than the control group at interaction effect of time and group, six weeks and three months postpartum. However, there were no significant effects for maternal depression, infant temperament, and husband support. Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) score in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at three month postpartum. Conclusion: Results indicate that the nursing intervention program had positive effects and can be used to further the health status of immigrant mothers and children.